Umutima wacu ni urugingo rutangaje cyane. Ntabwo ukubita gusa, ahubwo ufite sisitemu yawo y'amashanyarazi igenzura imikorere y'umutima. Tekereza nka sisitemu y'insinga mu nzu yacu. Ibimenyetso bito by'amashanyarazi biva muri iyi sisitemu bibwira ibyumba by'umutima gufunga mu gihe gikwiye. Ariko rimwe na rimwe, kubera impamvu zitandukanye, iyi sisitemu y'amashanyarazi ishobora kwangirika gato. Ni bwo iki gikoresho gito ariko cy'ingenzi cyane cyitwa "pacemaker" kiza kudufasha.
None se, iyi pacemaker ni iki?
Mu magambo make, pacemaker ni igikoresho gito cy’ikoranabuhanga gishyirwa mu mubiri wawe kugira ngo gishyigikire sisitemu y’amashanyarazi y’umutima wawe. Ni nk’akantu gato ka "conductor" gafasha mu kugenga umuvuduko w’umutima wawe iyo udakora neza.
Tekereza ko sisitemu y'amashanyarazi y'umutima wawe idakora neza. Hanyuma ibyumba by'umutima ntibikora neza mu gihe gikwiye. Wenda bitera vuba cyane, cyangwa bigatinda cyane, cyangwa umuvuduko ugahungabana burundu. Kubera iyo mpamvu, umutima ntushobora kohereza amaraso ahagije ku mubiri wose.
Imashini ikora pacemaker ikurikirana imikorere y'amashanyarazi asanzwe y'umutima. Iyo ibonye ikintu kidasanzwe, imashini ikora pacemaker yohereza ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi bito cyane bibwira umutima iti "Sawa, iki ni cyo gihe cyo gucika intege." Ibi bifasha umutima gukomeza gutera ku muvuduko uhamye.
Ni ibihe bimenyetso byerekana ko ushobora gukenera pacemaker?
Muganga wawe ni we uzagufatira umwanzuro niba ukeneye pacemaker cyangwa utayikeneye. Ariko, niba ufite ibi bimenyetso, ni ngombwa kubonana na muganga ukaganira na we.
Wibuke ko atari buri wese ufite ibi bimenyetso uzakenera pacemaker, ariko ni ngombwa kubimenya no gushaka inama kwa muganga.
| Ibimenyetso | Ibisobanuro byoroshye |
|---|---|
| Kubabara mu gatuza (Angina) | Kubabara mu gituza cyangwa kubabara biterwa no kudashyira amaraso ahagije mu mutima. |
| Umutima utera vuba (Tachycardia) | Umutima utera vuba cyane inshuro zirenga 100 ku munota nta mpamvu. |
| Umutima utera buhoro (Bradycardia) | Umutima utera buhoro cyane, ku muvuduko uri munsi ya 60 ku munota. |
| Umutima utari mwiza (Arrhythmia) | Umutima utera umeze nk'aho utari umeze neza, rimwe na rimwe ugasimbuka umuvuduko, cyangwa ukagira umuvuduko w'inyongera. |
| Gutera ubwoba mu gifu | Kumva umutima ufunganye mu gituza, nk'aho umutima "uri kurwana" cyangwa "uri gutembagura amabuye." |
| Guhumeka bigoranye | Kumva unaniwe kandi udafite umwuka uhagije, cyane cyane iyo ukora uturimo duto cyangwa ugenda n'amaguru. |
| Kuzunguza, kubabara mu mutwe, gutakaza ubwenge | Kumva ufite umutwe urembye, ufite isesemi, cyangwa unaniwe nta mpamvu. |
| Kubyimba utubuto, amaguru n'inda | Kubyimba ahantu nko ku maguru no ku tuguru bitewe n'amazi yirundanyije mu mubiri. |
Niba ufite ibi bimenyetso, bishobora guterwa n'ikibazo cy'umutima udakora neza. Urugero, abantu bafite amateka yo kuziba umutima cyangwa indwara z'umutima nabo bashobora gukenera pacemaker.
Hari ubwoko bungahe bw'ibikoresho bifasha mu mugongo (pacemakers)?
Yego, bitewe n'uko umutima wawe umeze, muganga wawe azaguhitiramo ubwoko bwa pacemaker ikubereye. Izi zishobora kuba zifite umurongo umwe, ibiri cyangwa itatu.
| Ubwoko bwa pacemaker | Ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| Imashini ifasha mu gupanisha ibinyabiziga idafite icyuma gifunga | Iyi ni nto cyane, ingana n'agapira ka vitamine kanini. Nta nsinga zihari. Ishyirwa mu mutima binyuze muri catheter hanyuma igafata ku rukuta rw'imbere rw'umutima. |
| Imashini ifasha mu gupanguza umutima y'icyumba kimwe | Iyi ifite insinga imwe gusa. Ihuza n'icyumba kimwe cy'umutima. |
| Imashini ifasha mu gupanguza umutima ifite ibyumba bibiri | Iyi ifite insinga ebyiri zihuza n'ibyumba bibiri by'umutima. |
| Igikoresho cyo mu mutwe gifasha mu gupanisha imitsi y'amaraso mu buryo bw'imitsi | Ifite insinga eshatu. Ebyiri zifatanye n'ibyumba byo hasi by'umutima (ventricles) n'imwe ifatanye n'icyumba cyo hejuru cy'iburyo (atrium y'iburyo). Ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara z'umutima (CRT). |
Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya pacemaker na ICD?
Muganga wawe ashobora kandi kukubwira ibyerekeye ICD (Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator), isa na pacemaker, ariko itandukanye gato.
- Imashini ikora pacemaker yohereza gusa ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi kugira ngo igenzure umuvuduko w'umutima. Ntishobora gutera umutima guhungabana hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi.
- ICD ishobora kandi gukora nk'icyuma gipima umutima. Byongeye kandi, iyo umutima utera cyane mu buryo bushobora kubangamira ubuzima (urugero: tachycardia yo mu mitsi), ishobora kubimenya igatera umutima guhungabana cyane kugira ngo wongere umere neza.
Ese ubu ni ukubagwa gukomeye? Ni gute washyiraho pacemaker?
Ubu si ukubaga umutima gukomeye, gufunguye. Hamwe n'ikoranabuhanga rihari muri iki gihe, ubu kubaga buteye imbere cyane. Ububabare buragabanuka, kandi ushobora gukira vuba ugasubira mu buzima busanzwe. Hari uburyo butatu bw'ingenzi.
1.Uburyo bwo gukoresha catheter: Ubu buryo bukoreshwa ku bakoresha pacemaker badafite lead. Umuyoboro muto (catheter) winjizwa mu mutsi unyuze mu kibuno, hanyuma pacemaker ikayoborwa na wo ikawushyira mu mutima. Ibi akenshi bifata igihe kitarenze isaha.
2. Uburyo bwo gupima imitsi: Ubu ni bwo buryo bukunze gukoreshwa cyane. Hakorwa icyuho gito munsi y'igufwa ry'umugongo cyangwa mu ruhu rw'ijosi, hanyuma insinga zikoresha pacemaker (amasasu) zigashyirwa mu mutima binyuze mu mutsi. Ibi bikorwa hifashishijwe X-ray (fluoroscopy). Iyo insinga zishyizwe ahantu heza mu mutima, igikoresho cya pacemaker gishyirwa mu "mufuka" muto wakozwe munsi y'uruhu ruri hejuru y'igituza.
3. Uburyo bwo gupima umutima: Ibi bikunze gukorwa ku bana cyangwa mu gihe cyo kubaga umutima. Hakorwa icyuho gito mu gituza hanyuma insinga zigashyirwa hanze y'umutima. Igikoresho gikora pacemaker gishyirwa munsi y'uruhu rw'inda.
Ubu buryo bwo kubaga bushobora gufata amasaha ari hagati ya abiri na atanu. Muganga wawe azagusobanurira uburyo bukubereye.
Nk'ibindi byose, hari ingaruka zishobora guterwa n'ibyo? (Ingaruka mbi)
Nkuko bigenda ku buvuzi ubwo aribwo bwose, hari ingaruka nkeya. Ariko, izi ni gake cyane. Muganga wawe azakubwira ibi.
- Ubwivumbure: Ubwivumbure bushobora guterwa n'umuti ukoreshwa cyangwa icyuma gikozwemo pacemaker.
- Kuziba kw'amaraso: Kugira ngo ugabanye ibi byago, muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira imiti ibuza kuziba kw'amaraso.
- Ubusembwa bw'icyuma cyangwa insinga: Hari igihe insinga ishobora kwimuka gato uvuye aho yashyizwe. Niyo mpamvu ari byiza kwirinda gukomeretsa urwego rw'umubiri igihe runaka nyuma yo kubagwa.
- Kubangamira ibikoresho byo hanze: Ugomba kwitonda iyo wegereye ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe bifite imbaraga zikomeye z'amashanyarazi cyangwa rukuruzi (urugero: imashini za MRI). Ariko, ibikoresho bishya byo mu mugongo ubu byakozwe kugira ngo birusheho kurwanya ibi. Muganga wawe azaguha inama kuri ibi.
Ibintu ugomba kumenya ku bijyanye no kubana n'icyuma gifasha mu mugongo
Nyuma yo kugira pacemaker, ushobora kubaho ubuzima busanzwe kandi bukora neza. Ariko hari ibintu bike ugomba kuzirikana.
Bateri ya pacemaker imara igihe kingana iki?
Ibi biterwa n'ubwoko bwa pacemaker n'uburyo ikora neza. Ugereranyije, bateri imara imyaka 10-15 . Muganga wawe azagusaba kuza kwa muganga buri gihe. Hanyuma, pacemaker na bateri bizasuzumwa. Igihe cyo gusimbuza bateri nikigera, bishobora gukorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bworoshye kandi bworoshye bwo kubaga kuruta gushyira pacemaker mbere na mbere.
Ibintu ushobora gukora kugira ngo ukomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza
Ubuzima bw'umuntu ufite pacemaker buterwa n'ubuzima bwe muri rusange. Niba ubayeho ubuzima bwiza, ushobora kwitega kubaho ubuzima busanzwe cyangwa hafi ya buri gihe.
- Fata imiti yawe neza nk'uko wabitegetswe: Niba muganga wawe yakwandikiye indi miti usibye pacemaker yawe, uyifate ku gihe kandi mu gihe cyagenwe. Ntutinye kubaza niba ufite ikibazo.
- Jya ku mavuriro ku gihe: Ibi ni ingenzi cyane. Muganga azasuzuma ubuzima bwawe n'imikorere y'icyuma gipima umutima muri iki gihe.
- Tega amatwi umubiri wawe: Niba umuvuduko w'umutima wawe uhora urenze urugero rusanzwe muganga wawe yaguhaye (uri hasi cyane cyangwa hejuru cyane), hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya.
Niba ufite ibi bimenyetso, bwira muganga wawe ako kanya:
* Niba ufite ikibazo cyo guhumeka.
* Niba wiyongereye ibiro mu buryo butunguranye cyangwa amaguru cyangwa utubuto twawe tukabyimba.
* Niba ugize isereri, gucika intege, cyangwa urujijo.
* Niba ibimenyetso wari ufite mbere yuko pacemaker ishyirwamo bigarutse.
Ni ibisanzwe kumva ufite ubwoba no guhangayika iyo ubwiwe ko ukeneye pacemaker kubera ikibazo cy'umutima. Ariko ibuka ko iki ari ikintu kirimo gukorwa kugira ngo ubuzima bwawe burusheho kuba bwiza kandi bukurinde. Vugana na muganga wawe ku mpungenge ufite. Muri ubwo buryo, uzagira ubumenyi bwiza n'amahoro yo mu mutima.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Pacemaker ni igikoresho gito cy'ikoranabuhanga gifasha gukosora gutera k'umutima ku buryo budasanzwe.
- Ni ngombwa gushaka inama kwa muganga mu gihe ugize ibimenyetso nko kuzungera, guhumeka nabi, cyangwa umutima utera vuba cyangwa buhoro.
- Ubu si ukubaga umutima gukomeye, kandi bushobora gukorwa mu mutekano mwinshi hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rigezweho.
- Imashini ifasha mu guhagarara neza igufasha kongera kubaho ubuzima busanzwe kandi bukora neza.
- Ni ingenzi cyane gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga nyuma yo kubagwa no kujya kwa muganga ku gihe.
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