Turamutse tubazaga icyo ari cyo gice cy'ingenzi mu mibiri yacu, abantu benshi baravuga bati umutima. Nibyo koko. Umutima wacu ni ipompo itangaje ikora idahagarara. Ni ukubera ko iyi pompe ikora neza amaraso atembera mu mubiri wacu kandi akaturinda kubaho. Ariko se uzi byinshi ku bice bito ariko by'ingenzi cyane biri muri uyu mutima? Uyu munsi, turaganira ku irembo ry'ingenzi cyane mu mutima, valve. Iyi yitwa valve ya tricuspid.
Mu magambo make, iyi valve ya tricuspid ni iki?
Tekereza ufite ibyumba bine mu nzu yawe. Hari inzugi ziva mu cyumba kimwe zijya mu kindi. Izi nzugi zigomba gukingurwa no gufungwa mu gihe gikwiye. Bitabaye ibyo, imirimo yo mu rugo izahinduka akajagari. Umutima wacu ufite n'ibyumba bine by'ingenzi. Ibyumba bibiri byo hejuru byitwa Atria , naho ibyumba bibiri byo hasi byitwa Ventricles .
Valve ya tricuspid ni valve iri iburyo bw'umutima wacu, hagati y'icyumba cyo hejuru (atrium y'iburyo) n'icyumba cyo hasi (ventricle y'iburyo). Ni nk'urugi rufunguka mu cyerekezo kimwe gusa. Inshingano yarwo nyamukuru ni ukureka amaraso atembera mu cyerekezo kimwe gusa no kubuza amaraso gutembera inyuma. Nanone yitwa Valve y'iburyo ya Atrioventricular .
Ni iki kigenda kuri iyi valve? Reka turebe uko amaraso atembera mu mutima.
Kugira ngo tubisobanukirwe neza, reka turebe uburyo amaraso agenda mu mutima. Biroroshye cyane.
1. Ubwa mbere, amaraso yose yabuze umwuka wa ogisijeni akoreshwa mu mubiri wacu yikoranyiriza mu cyumba cyo hejuru (atrium y'iburyo) ku ruhande rw'iburyo rw'umutima.
2. Iyo aka kazu kuzuye amaraso, valve ya tricuspid irakinguka nk'urugi.
3. Hanyuma aya maraso yose atemba ajya mu cyumba cyo hasi (ventricle y'iburyo).
4. Noneho ko icyumba cyo hasi cyuzuye amaraso, kirarushaho gukurura kugira ngo gikoreshwe mu kupompa amaraso mu bihaha. Kuki wohereza amaraso mu bihaha? Wuzuze umwuka wa ogisijeni nanone.
5. Aha niho ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane kijyanye na value ya tricuspid kiba. Iyo icyumba cyo hasi gifunganye cyane, amaraso agerageza gusubira mu cyumba cyo hejuru. Ariko value ya tricuspid irafunga cyane . Bimeze nk'urugi rufunze. Bityo amaraso ntasubira inyuma, ajya mu bihaha gusa.
None se, urabyumva? Akazi k'ingenzi ka valve ya tricuspid ni ukureka amaraso agatembera mu cyerekezo kimwe (kuva hejuru kugera hasi) no kuyabuza gutembera inyuma. Ijwi rya "lub-dub" twumva iyo dushyize stethoscope mu gituza cyacu riterwa n'iyi valve ifunguka kandi igafungwa.
Iyi valve ikozwe n'iki?
Iyi ni imiterere itangaje cyane. Valve ya tricuspid igizwe n'uduce dutatu tw'umubiri duto ariko dukomeye cyane. Utu dupapuro tw'amakuru tutwita cusps.Izi valve eshatu zihujwe n'imitsi yo mu cyumba cyo hasi cy'umutima hakoreshejwe imigozi mito kandi ikomeye isa n'umugozi (chordae tendineae). Izi valve eshatu zifungura kandi zigafunga neza buri gutera k'umutima.
Ni ibihe bibazo bishobora kubaho kuri valve ya tricuspid?
Hari igihe iyi valve ishobora gukora nabi. Iyo ibi bibaye, amaraso atembera nabi. Amaraso ashobora kudatembera neza, cyangwa amaraso ashobora kuva inyuma. Ibi bituma umutima ukora cyane kugira ngo upompe amaraso umubiri ukeneye.
Hari ubwoko butatu bw'ingenzi bw'ibibazo biboneka muri valve ya tricuspid.
| Izina ry'ikibazo | Ibisobanuro byoroshye |
|---|---|
| Atresia ya Tricuspid | Iyi ni indwara y'umutima ivukanwa . Muri iki gihe, hari ingingo nini gusa aho valve igomba kuba iri. Nta valve ihari. Kubera iyo mpamvu, nta buryo amaraso atemberamo kandi ventricle y'iburyo ntikura neza. Ibi akenshi bisaba kubagwa. |
| Gusubira mu mubiri (Tricuspid Regurgitation) | Muri iki kibazo, valve ntifunga neza bihagije. Rero iyo icyumba cyo hasi gifunze, amwe mu maraso asubira mu cyumba cyo hejuru . Iki ni cyo kibazo gikunze kugaragara. |
| Stenose ya Tricuspid | Ikibaho hano ni uko umwobo w'amaraso uba muto cyane . Ni nk'aho urugi rufunguka hagati gusa. Ibi bibuza amaraso gutemba ava mu cyumba cyo hejuru ajya mu cyumba cyo hasi. Umutima ugomba gukora cyane kugira ngo upompe amaraso. |
Kuki bene ibi bibazo bivuka?
Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma iyi valve igira ibibazo.
- Ubusembwa bw'impinja: Hari abantu bashobora kuvukana udupapuro tubiri cyangwa tune aho kuvukana dutatu.
- Indwara: Indwara zitera kubyimba imitsi y'umutima, urugero nk'indwara ya endocarditis cyangwa rubagimpande, zishobora kwangiza imiyoboro y'amaraso.
- Kwaguka kw'imitsi yo mu mutima y'iburyo: Iyo icyumba cyo hasi cy'umutima cyagutse bitewe n'ibintu nk'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, valve ishobora kurambuka ntifunge neza.
- Izindi ndwara: Indwara nka Marfan syndrome, zigira ingaruka ku ngingo z'umubiri.
- Izindi mpamvu: Kuvura kanseri mu gace k'igituza hakoreshejwe imirasire, ibibyimba by'umutima, cyangwa gukoresha imiti imwe n'imwe na byo bishobora kuyigiraho ingaruka.
Bimera bite iyo hari ikibazo kuri valve? (Ibimenyetso)
Iyo imikorere y'umuyoboro w'amaraso idafite ishingiro, umutima ugomba gukora cyane, bityo ushobora kumva unaniwe kandi ufite intege nke vuba .
Uko indwara igenda ikura uko igihe kigenda gihita, hari n'ibindi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragara.
- Gutera ubwoba mu gifu: Kumva umutima utari umeze neza.
- Gutera kw'ijosi: Kugaragara cyangwa kumva ko hari imitsi itera mu ijosi.
- Kubyimba: Kubyimba mu nda, amaguru, ku kaguru no ku birenge. Ibi bibaho iyo amazi yirundanyije mu mubiri iyo umutima udashobora gupompa amaraso neza.
- Umwijima wagutse.
- Uruhu rukonje.
- Umutima uvuza urusaku: Iyo muganga asuzumye umutima akoresheje stethoscope, yumva ijwi ry'inyongera, nk'ijwi ryo "kwishimagura" riterwa n'amaraso ava.
Niba ufite kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bimenyetso, ntabwo bivuze ko ufite ikibazo cy'imitsi. Ariko, ni byiza kubivugana na muganga wawe hanyuma ukajya kwisuzumisha.
Ni ibihe bizamini bikorwa kugira ngo haboneke ibi bibazo?
Mu gihe umuganga wawe akeka ko afite ikibazo cy’imitsi, azakohereza kwa muganga w’indwara z’umutima, ushobora gukora ibizamini byinshi kugira ngo amenye neza ikibazo.
| Ikizamini | Ubona iki muri ibi? |
|---|---|
| Isuzuma ry'umubiri | Umuganga yumva umutima akoresheje stethoscope kandi agasuzuma amajwi adasanzwe (imiborogo). |
| Echocardiogram | Iki ni cyo kizamini cy'ingenzi cyane. Gikoresha imiraba y'amajwi kugira ngo gikore amashusho (nk'amashusho) y'ingendo z'umutima. Ibi bigufasha kubona neza ibyumba by'umutima, uburyo imiyoboro y'amaraso ifunguka kandi igafunga, ndetse niba amaraso atemba inyuma. |
| Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG) | Imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'umutima irapimwa. Ibi bishobora kumenya ibintu nk'ibitagenda neza mu mikorere y'umutima. |
| X-ray yo mu gituza cyangwa MRI | Ibi bishobora gufasha gusuzuma ibintu nk'umutima wagutse cyangwa amazi yiyongera mu bihaha. MRI y'umutima ishobora gutanga ishusho isobanutse neza y'imiterere y'umutima. |
| Ikizamini cy'Imihangayiko mu myitozo ngororamubiri | ECG n'umuvuduko w'amaraso biragenzurwa mu gihe ugenda kuri tennis. Ibi bifasha gusobanukirwa uko umutima wawe ukora mu gihe cy'imyitozo ngororamubiri. |
| Gukoresha Catheterization y'umutima | Muri ibi, umuyoboro muto (catheter) unyura mu mitsi y'amaraso iri ku kuguru cyangwa ku kuboko ugana ku mutima, upima umuvuduko w'amaraso mu mutima no kureba niba amaraso atembera inyuma. |
Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ibi?
Uburyo bwo kuvura buterwa n'uburemere bw'indwara yawe n'ibimenyetso byayo. Hari igihe, iyo ikibazo kidakomeye, muganga wawe azakubwira gukomeza gukurikirana indwara yawe. Niba bikenewe ko uvurwa, bashobora kukugira inama nk'iyi:
- Imiti: Imiti nka diuretics ishobora gutangwa kugira ngo igabanye kubyimba mu mubiri.
- Gusana valve ya tricuspid:Kubaga bishobora gukoreshwa mu guhuza imiyoboro y'ingufu, kwagura umwobo muto, cyangwa gufunga inyuzi idafunguye. Hari igihe inyuzi ikomezwa n'impeta y'ubukorano.
- Gusimbuza valve ya tricuspid: Valve yangiritse ikurwaho burundu igasimbuzwa valve y'ubukorano (mechanical) cyangwa valve ikozwe mu nyamaswa (biological).
- Uburyo bwo gukoresha Transcatheter: Ubu buryo bworoshye kuruta kubaga umutima ufunguye. Aha, catheter ishyirwa mu ruhu kugira ngo isanwe cyangwa isimbuzwe valve. Ibi ntibikwiriye buri wese, ariko ni amahitamo meza ku barwayi babikwiriye.
Muganga wawe azagusobanurira uburyo bwo kuvura bukubereye.
Niba hari ikibazo kuri valve, ni gute wakora kugira ngo umutima wawe ukomeze kuba muzima?
Niba muganga wawe avuze ko ufite ikibazo kuri valve yawe ya tricuspid, ntugatinye. Ushobora guhindura imibereho yawe kugira ngo umutima wawe ukomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza.
- Irinde kunywa itabi burundu.
- Genzura umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe n'urugero rwa cholesterol. Koresha imiti muganga wawe yakwandikiye neza.
- Kurya indyo yuzuye umutima. Kurya indyo irimo ibinure byinshi kandi bikungahaye ku mboga n'imbuto.
- Imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe. Ariko, baza muganga wawe imyitozo ikubereye.
- Jya kwisuzumisha kwa muganga buri gihe. Menya neza ko ugiye kwisuzumisha umutima wawe ku matariki n'amasaha muganga wawe agusabye.
- Mbere yo kuvurwa amenyo cyangwa kubagwa ukundi, bwira muganga wawe ko ufite ikibazo cy'imitsi y'umutima. Hari igihe imiti yica udukoko ishobora kugirwa inama yo kwirinda kwandura.
Igikuru ni uko niba ufite ikibazo cy'umutima urwaye kandi ukagaragaza ibimenyetso by'indwara, nko kugira umuriro, kubabara umubiri, cyangwa kubabara mu muhogo, hita ubonana na muganga . Ibi biterwa nuko indwara nk'izi zishobora kugira ingaruka ku mutima (endocarditis). Ni ngombwa kubimenya no kubivura hakiri kare.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Valve ya tricuspid ni irembo ry'ingenzi riri iburyo bw'umutima, hagati y'ibyumba byo hejuru n'ibyo hasi, rituma amaraso atembera mu cyerekezo kimwe.
- Ibibazo nko kongera gushyuha cyangwa gucika intege bishobora kubaho iyo iyi valve idafunze neza.
- Ibimenyetso nko kunanirwa, gufungana mu gituza no kubyimba amaguru bishobora kubaho.
- Niba ufite ibi bimenyetso, ntugatinye kandi uganire na muganga. Iyi ndwara ishobora kumenyekana byoroshye hakoreshejwe echocardiogram.
- Uburyo bwo kuvura buterwa n'uburemere bw'indwara. Ishobora kugenzurwa n'imiti, cyangwa igasaba kubagwa.
- Ushobora kubaho ubuzima bwiza ukurikiza imibereho myiza kandi ugakurikiza inama za muganga buri gihe.
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