Pamwe wakanzwa nezvemhando itsva yejekiseni inobatsira nechirwere cheshuga nekudzikira uremu. Pamwe wakanzwa shamwari kana hama ichitaura nezvazvo. Saka, iyi mhando itsva yemishonga iri kutaurwa nevanhu vazhinji inonzi GLP-1 agonists. Ngatitsanangurei zvese nezvazvo nhasi, sekunge tiri kutaura neshamwari.
Ndezvipi izvi zvinonzi GLP-1 Agonists?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, GLP-1 agonists imhando yemishonga inobatsira kudzora huwandu hweshuga muropa muvanhu vane chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri. Kwete izvozvo chete, asi mimwe yemishonga iyi inoshandiswawo kurapa vanhu vane kufuta zvakanyanya.
Kazhinji, mushonga uyu unouya sejekiseni. Izvi zvinoreva kuti unogona kuupa iwe pachako uchishandisa sirinji netsono. Jekiseni iri rinofanira kuiswa muchikamu chine mafuta pasi peganda. Kunyanya, unogona kuisa jekiseni iri mudumbu, kumashure kwezvidya, pamusoro pemagaro, uye kumashure kwemaoko.
Rudzi urwu rwemishonga runozivikanwa nemamwe mazita akati wandei. Haufanire kuiziva yese, asi kana ukaiona, unofanira kunzwisisa kuti yese iri kureva chinhu chimwe chete.
- Maagonist akaita seGlucagon-peptide-1
- Maagonist eGLP-1 receptor
- Incretin mimetics
- Mafananidzo eGLP-1
Rudzi urwu rwemushonga rutsva. Mushonga wekutanga weGLP-1 agonist (Exenatide) wakatenderwa muna 2005. Saka vaongorori vachiri kutsvaga mamwe mashandisirwo nekubatsira kwemushonga uyu.
Zvakakosha kurangarira chinhu chimwe chete. Haugone kurapa chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri kana kufuta zvachose nemishonga iyi chete. Pazvirwere zvose izvi, zvakakosha kuchinja mararamiro ako nezvaunodya uye zvaunonwa, pamwe chete nemishonga.
Ndedzipi mhando dzemishonga yeGLP-1 agonist dziri kushandiswa pari zvino?
Iyi ndiyo mimwe yemishonga mikuru yeGLP-1 agonist iri kutengeswa pari zvino. Chiremba wako anogona kunge akakunyorera imwe yeiyi.
| Zita reMushonga | Zita reBrand |
|---|---|
| Dulaglutide | Trulicity® |
| Exenatide | Byetta® |
| Exenatide (yakaburitswa-yakaburitswa) | Bydureon® |
| Liraglutide | Victoza® |
| Lixisenatide | Adlyxin® |
| Semaglutide (jekiseni) | Ozempic® |
| Semaglutide (mapiritsi) | Rybelsus® |
Pamusoro peizvi, kune rimwe boka remishonga inoshanda nenzira yakafanana. Inonzi dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists. Parizvino kune rimwe mushonga werudzi urwu. Ndiwo Tirzepatide (Mounjaro®).
Mushonga uyu unoshanda sei mumuviri?
Kuti tinzwisise mashandiro anoita mushonga uyu, tinofanira kutanga taziva zvishoma nezvehomoni inonzi GLP-1 inowanikwa mumiviri yedu.
GLP-1 ihormone inogadzirwa neura hwako hudiki. Yakaita semutumwa mukati memiviri yedu. Inoita zvinhu zvakakosha zvakati wandei:
1. Inokurudzira kugadzirwa kwe insulin nepancreas: Insulin ihormone inokosha inobatsira kushandura chikafu chatinodya kuita simba. Inoita izvi nekuderedza huwandu hweshuga (glucose) muropa. Kana insulin isina kukwana, huwandu hweshuga muropa hunokwira uye chirwere cheshuga chinokura. Saka hormone yeGLP-1 inopa pancreas "chiratidzo", ichiti, "Zvakanaka, gadzira insulin izvozvi."
2. Inomisa kugadzirwa kwehomoni inonzi Glucagon: Glucagon ihomoni inoshanda nekurwisa insulin. Kureva kuti, *inowedzera* huwandu hweshuga muropa kana zvichidikanwa. Saka, nekumisa kugadzirwa kweglucagon, homoni inonzi GLP-1 inodzivirira kuwedzerwa kweshuga muropa.
3. Zvinoderedza kubuda kweropa mudumbu: Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, zvinowedzera nguva iyo chikafu chaunodya chinoramba chiri mudumbu mako. Izvi zvinoita kuti shuga inobva muchikafu ipinde muropa rako zvishoma nezvishoma. Izvi zvinobatsira kudzora kukwira kamwe kamwe kwehuwandu hweshuga muropa.
4.Inowedzera kunzwa kwekuguta mushure mekudya: Homoni yeGLP-1 inokanganisawo zvikamu zvehuropi hwedu zvinodzora nzara nekuguta. Saka, tinonzwa kuguta kunyangwe mushure mekudya zvishoma, uye kuda kwedu kudya kunoderera.
Zvino, mava kunzwisisa here kuti hormone yeGLP-1 yechisikigo inoshanda sei? Zvakanaka, ngationei zvinoitika nemushonga uyu. Zvinoitwa nemushonga weGLP-1 agonist kuita sehormone yechisikigo. Kureva kuti, "inotevedzera" hormone iyoyo. Kana mushonga ukapinda mumuviri, unosunga kune mareceptor ehormone yeGLP-1 uye unoita zvakafanana sezvambotaurwa. Sezvo dose yemushonga ichiwedzera, mhedzisiro iyi inowedzerawo.
Kana uine chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri, mushonga uyu unodzora huwandu hweshuga muropa nekuwedzera kugadzirwa kwe insulin uye kudzora kubuda kweropa mudumbu.
Nekuti zvinowedzera kunzwa kwekuguta, huwandu hwechikafu chinodyiwa hunoderera, uye chido chekudya chinoderera. Kana zvese izvi zvikabatanidzwa, mugumisiro wacho unoderedza uremu.
Ndiani anofanira kushandisa mushonga uyu?
Vanachiremba vanonyanya kunyora mushonga uyu pazvirwere zviviri: chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri uye kufuta.
Chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri
Mishonga yeGLP-1 agonists inotenderwa kurapa chirwere cheshuga nekuti inoshanda zvikuru mukuderedza huwandu hweshuga muropa.
Kune mimwe mishonga yekurapa chirwere cheshuga. Metformin inowanzo kuve sarudzo yekutanga. Zvisinei, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira GLP-1 agonist mune zvinotevera:
- Kana chirwere cheshuga chisina kudzorwa zvakanaka ne metformin chete.
- Kana uine dambudziko rehutano rinokutadzisa kutora metformin.
- Kana kukosha kwako kweA1C kwakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura nhanho yakatarwa.
- Kana A1C yako isingadzoreki mushure memwedzi mitatu yekurapwa uye uine zvimwe zvirwere zvakaita se atherosclerosis , kutadza kushanda kwemoyo , kana chirwere cheitsvo chisingaperi .
Kufuta
Mamwe maGLP-1 agonists, akadai seSemaglutide neLiraglutide ine dose yepamusoro, anotenderwawo kurapa kufuta, sezvo aine mukana wekuderedza huremu hwemuviri zvakanyanya. Kufutisa chirwere chisingaperi umo body mass index (BMI) yako iri 30 kana kupfuura.
Uyewo, chiremba anogona kupa mushonga uyu kumunhu ane BMI iri pakati pe25 ne29.9 (yakafuta zvakanyanya) uye ane zvimwe zvirwere zvinogona kudzorwa nekuderedza huremu.
Kufuta chirwere chakaoma kunzwisisa. Mishonga chete haina kukwana. Mhedzisiro inobudirira inogona kuwanikwa chete kana zvinhu zvakawanda, zvakaita sekudya zvakanaka, kurovedza muviri, uye kuchinja maitiro, zvabatanidzwa.
Mushonga uyu unofanira kushandiswa sei uye kangani
Chiremba wako achakuudza zvakajeka kuti mushonga uyu unofanira kutorwa riini uye kangani. Zvakakosha kutevedzera mirairo iyoyo nemazvo. Nhamba yenguva dzakajairika dzekushandisa jekiseni iri inoratidzwa mutafura iri pazasi.
| Zita remushonga | Kushandiswa kakawanda |
|---|---|
| Dulaglutide | Kamwe chete pasvondo |
| Exenatide | Kaviri pazuva |
| Exenatide (yakaburitswa-yakaburitswa) | Kamwe chete pasvondo |
| Liraglutide | Kamwe chete pazuva |
| Lixisenatide | Kamwe chete pazuva |
| Semaglutide | Kamwe chete pasvondo |
| Tirzepatide | Kamwe chete pasvondo |
Semaglutide inouyawo muchimiro chepiritsi. Mushonga unofanirwa kutorwa zuva nezuva.
Ndezvipi zvimwe zvakanakira mushonga uyu?
Pamusoro pekuderedza shuga yeropa uye kuderedza huremu, tsvakurudzo yakawana kuti mishonga iyi ine zvimwe zvakanakira zvakawanda.
- Kuderedza BP.
- Kuvandudza matambudziko emafuta emuviri akadai secholesterol muropa.
- Kuderedza chirwere chechiropa chine mafuta akawanda.
- Kuderedza njodzi yezvirwere zvemwoyo neitsvo.
- Kudzora mwero wekukuvadzwa kweitsvo kunokonzerwa nechirwere cheshuga (diabetic nephropathy).
Ngatidzidzeiwo nezvemigumisiro yakaipa.
Kufanana nemishonga yese, mishonga yeGLP-1 agonists inogona kukonzera migumisiro yakaipa. Zvisinei, vanhu vazhinji havazvioni, uye kana zvikaitika, zvinopera mushure memazuva mashoma.
| Mhando dzemigumisiro yakaipa | |
|---|---|
| Migumisiro Yakajairika | |
Izvi zvinowanzoitika paunotanga kutora mushonga kana kuti kana mushonga wacho wawedzerwa. | |
| Mimwe Migumisiro Yepamuviri | |
| |
| Migumisiro Isingawanzoitiki Asi Yakakomba | |
|
Njodzi Nematambudziko
Mishonga yeGLP-1 agonists inowanzo kuve yakachengeteka, asi pane dzimwe njodzi dzaunofanira kuziva.
Kusawirirana neAllergy
Vamwe vanhu vanogona kunge vaine allergy nekuda kwemushonga uyu. Kana muine kuvaviwa kana kutsvuka kunoramba kuripo panzvimbo yekubaiwa jekiseni, taurai nachiremba wenyu. Kashoma, allergy yakanyanya inonzi anaphylaxis inogona kuitika. Kana mukaona chimwe chezviratidzo zvinotevera, fonerai amburenzi kana kuti endai kuchipatara chiri pedyo (ETU).
- Kuoma kufema
- Makonzo
- Kuoma kumedza
- Mapundu matsvuku
- Kurwadziwa kwedumbu
- Kusimba kwechipfuva
Shandisa panguva yekuzvitakura
Mishonga yeGLP-1 agonists haikurudzirwi kushandiswa panguva yekuzvitakura. Ongororo dzemhuka dzakaratidza kuti mushonga uyu unogona kukuvadza mwana ari kukura. Unofanira kushandisa nzira dzekudzivirira pamuviri dzakakwana kudzivirira kubata pamuviri paunenge uchitora mushonga uyu. Kana ukaita pamuviri paunenge uchitora mushonga uyu, taura nachiremba wako nekukasika.
Kuderera kweshuga muropa (Hypoglycemia)
Njodzi yekuderera kweshuga muropa (hypoglycemia) yakaderera kana ukatora mushonga uyu wega. Zvisinei, kana ukatora mimwe mishonga yeshuga, yakaita se insulin kana sulfonylureas, pamwe chete nemushonga uyu, njodzi iyi inowedzera zvakanyanya.
Hypoglycemia chirwere apo huwandu hweshuga muropa hunoderera pasi pe70 mg/dL. Kana rukasarapwa nekukurumidza, runogona kuisa hupenyu panjodzi.
Hunhu:
- Kudedera kwemuviri
- Kudikitira uye kunzwa kutonhora
- Dzungu nemaziso ebhuruu
- Muviri usina upenyu
- Kurova kwemoyo
- Kunzwa nzara zvikuru
- Kuomerwa nekuisa pfungwa pachinhu chimwe chete
- Ganda rakachenuruka
- Kusvotwa
Kana ukaona zviratidzo izvi, unofanira kukurumidza kudya chimwe chinhu chine shuga kana makabhohaidhiretsi. Semuenzaniso, hafu yebhanana kana hafu yekapu yemuto weapuro.
Ndinofanira kutaura nachiremba rini?
Kana uchishandisa GLP-1 agonist, unofanira kuona chiremba wako nguva nenguva kuti uone kuti inoshanda sei. Pamusoro pezvo, taura nachiremba wako nezvezvinotevera:
- Kana migumisiro yacho ichikunetsa.
- Kana uchifunga kuti mushonga wacho hausi kubatsira chirwere chako.
- Kana uchinzwa kuda kurega mushonga.
- Kana uine pamuviri kana kuti uri kuronga kubata pamuviri.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Mishonga yeGLP-1 agonists inoshanda zvikuru mukurapa chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri uye kufuta.
- Izvi zvinoshanda nekutevedzera hormone inonzi GLP-1 inowanikwa mumiviri yedu.
- Izvi zvinobatsira kudzora shuga muropa, kuderedza huremu, uye zvinopa dziviriro kumwoyo neitsvo.
- Zvakakosha kuchinja mararamiro ako uye zvekudya paunenge uchishandisa mushonga uyu. Izvi chete hazvisi zvemashiripiti.
- Kufanana nemishonga yese, iyi inogona kuva nemigumisiro yakaipa. Zvakakosha kuziva nezvayo.
- Chiremba wako ndiye anofanira kusarudza kana mushonga uyu wakakunakira. Saka, shandisa mushonga uyu chete kana wapihwa mazano nachiremba.
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