Zvakajairika kunzwa kuda kurutsa uye kutya kana ukanzwa izwi rekuti "kuvhiyiwa kwechiropa." Nekuti chiropa ndechimwe chezvikamu zvakakosha uye zvakakura mumuviri wedu. Asi kune zvimwe zvirwere, kunyanya zvirwere zvakakomba zvakaita sekenza, kubvisa chikamu chechiropa chine chirwere ndiyo mhinduro yakanakisisa yekuchengetedza hupenyu hwako. Saka nhasi, ngatitaurei nezve 'hepatectomy' iyi, kana kuvhiyiwa kwekubvisa chikamu chechiropa, nenzira iri nyore uye yakajeka iyo ichabvisa kusava nechokwadi kwako kwese.
Sei uchifanira kuvhiyiwa kwerudzi urwu?
Zvakanaka, ngatitangei tione kuti vanachiremba vanosarudza kuita oparesheni iyi mumamiriro ezvinhu api. Pane zvikonzero zvikuru zviviri. Chimwe ndechekurapa chirwere chechiropa. Chimwe ndechekuti munhu ane hutano anopa chikamu chechiropa chake kumunhu anorwara (Living Donor Liver Transplantation).
Kune zvirwere zvechiropa
Kuvhiyiwa uku kunowanzoitwa kubvisa bundu rakaumbwa muchiropa. Bundu iri rinogona kuva rekenza, risati raita kenza, kana kuti risina njodzi. Kune mhando mbiri dzekenza yechiropa.
1. Chekutanga: Izvi zvinoreva kuti kenza inotangira muchiropa.
2. Chechipiri: Izvi zvinoreva kuti kenza yakatanga kune imwe nzvimbo mumuviri (semuenzaniso, muura) uye yapararira kusvika kuchiropa.
Mhando huru dzegomarara dzinorapwa nekuvhiyiwa uku ndedzinotevera:
- Kansa yeropa - Iyi ndiyo mhando huru yekenza inotangira muchiropa.
- Cholangiocarcinoma - Iyi ikenza inotangirawo muchiropa.
- Kenza yemudumbu inopararira - Kupararira kwekenza yemudumbu kusvika kuchiropa.
Kuvhiyiwa uku hakungoitirwi kenza chete, asiwo kune zvimwe zvirwere:
- Matombo emunduru ari mumachubhu enyongo ari muchiropa (intrahepatic ducts).
- Matumbu akajairika akadai seadenoma.
- Zvirwere zvechiropa.
Munhu ane hutano anopa chikamu chechiropa chake
Ichi chinhu chakanaka. Kana chiropa chemunhu chave kuda kukuvara zvachose uye chichida kuisirwa chiropa, munhu ane hutano anogona kupa chikamu chechiropa chake kumurwere iyeye. Murudzi urwu rwekupa, chikamu chechiropa chemupi chinobviswa nekuvhiyiwa. Chinhu chinoshamisa ndechekuti chiropa chasara chemupi nechiropa chitsva chemurwere akaisirwa zvinokura zvakare kuita chiropa chakazara.
Kuvhiyiwa uku kwakakomba zvakadii? Pane njodzi here?
Ehe, kuvhiyiwa kwekubvisa chikamu chechiropa kuvhiyiwa kwakaoma uye kwakaoma.Zvinoonekwa saizvozvo. Chikonzero chikuru cheizvi ndechekuti kune huwandu hwakawanda hwetsinga dzeropa dzakapararira muchiropa. Nokudaro, kubuda ropa rakawanda kunogona kuitika panguva yekuvhiyiwa. Saka, vanachiremba vanoita kuvhiyiwa uku vanofanira kunge vakadzidziswa zvakanyanya kudzivirira kukuvadza tsinga dzeropa uye kudzora kubuda ropa.
Asi pane izvi:
- Kubviswa kwechiropa kudiki: Kana chiropa chikabviswa chisingasviki hafu, njodzi yacho ishoma. Kuvhiyiwa kwakadaro kunogona kuitwa uchishandisa nzira dzisinganyanyi kukuvadza dzakadai se laparoscopy kana robotic surgery .
- Kubviswa kwechiropa zvakanyanya: Kana chiropa chinopfuura hafu chichifanira kubviswa, zvinova zvakaoma uye zvine njodzi.
Saka, chinhu chakakosha kurangarira ndechekuti kana uchida kuvhiyiwa uku, zvakakosha kusarudza chipatara chine timu yezvekurapa ine ruzivo rwakanyanya uye nyanzvi .
Chii chinoitika kuvhiyiwa kusati kwaitwa?
Usati wavhiyiwa, timu yezvekurapa ichanyatsoongorora zvinhu zvakati wandei. Ndipo chete pavachasarudza kana kuvhiyiwa uku kuri iko kwakakodzera kwauri.
Zvinhu zvinofungwa navanachiremba:
- Utano hwako hwemuviri hwakasimba zvakakwana here kuti utsungirire kuvhiyiwa kukuru kwakadaro?
- Bundu kana chikamu chechiropa chine chirwere chinogona kubviswa nekuvhiyiwa here?
- Kana iri kenza, yapararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri kunze kwechiropa here?
Dzimwe nguva, kana bundu regomarara rakakura, zvinokwanisika kuita kuti kuvhiyiwa kuve nyore uye kwakachengeteka nekupa mishonga yakadai se radiation therapy kana chemotherapy usati wavhiyiwa kuti bundu riderere.
Uyewo, vanachiremba vanofanira kusarudza kana uchida kuisirwa chiropa chikamu kana kuisirwa chiropa chose. Zvinhu izvi zvinokanganisa sarudzo iyoyo:
- Bundu iri rapararira kusvika papi?
- Chiropa chako chose chine hutano hwakadii?
- Chikamu chechiropa chasara mushure mekuvhiyiwa chakakwana here pakushanda kwemuviri?
Miedzo isati yaitwa
Kuti uzive zvese izvi zvechokwadi, chiremba wako acharaira bvunzo dzinoverengeka, dzakadai se:
- Miedzo yekufungidzira: Kuongororwa kweCT kana MRI.
- Kuongororwa kwekushanda kwechiropa: Uku kuongororwa kweropa nguva dzose.
- Kuongororwa kwechiropa: Kutorwa kwechidimbu chidiki chechiropa kuti chiongororwe.
Ndedzipi nzira huru dzekuita kuvhiyiwa uku?
Kuvhiyiwa kwehepatectomy kunogona kuitwa nenzira nhatu huru. Chiremba wako ndiye achasarudza nzira inonyatsokodzera mamiriro ako.
| Nzira yekuvhiya | Tsananguro | Zvakakodzera |
|---|---|---|
| Kuvhiyiwa Kwakavhurika | Kuvhiyiwa uku kunoitwa nekucheka gobvu refu mudumbu, zvichivhura dumbu. Vanachiremba vanogona kuona chiropa zvakananga. | Kune bundu guru, rakaomarara kana zvirwere zvakakomba. |
| Kuvhiyiwa kweLaparoscopic | Kuvhiyiwa uku kunoitwa nekucheka zvidimbu zvidiki zvina kusvika zvitanhatu mudumbu, vachiisa kamera kuburikidza nechimwe chinhu uye zvimwe zvinoshandiswa zvakasiyana. Chiremba anoita kuvhiyiwa uku achitarisa skrini. | Kune maoparesheni madiki asina kuoma. Nguva yekupora ipfupi. |
| Kuvhiyiwa kweRoboti | Zvakafanana ne laparoscopy, asi zvishandiso zvekuvhiya zvinogadziriswa neruoko rwerobhoti runodzorwa nachiremba. Izvi zvinoita kuti kuvhiyiwa kuve kwakanyatsojeka. | Kunyangwe kuvhiyiwa kwakaoma zvikuru kunogona kuitwa uchishandisa nzira iyi. |
Chii chinoitika kuchikamu chechiropa chinobviswa? Chichakurazve here?
Ehe! Ichi ndicho chinhu chinoshamisa zvikuru pachiropa. Chiropa chine kugona kunoshamisa kwekuzvigadzirisa nekuzvivandudza.
Fungidzira, kunyangwe zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvechiropa chine hutano zvikabviswa, chikamu chasara chine hutano chinogona kupatsanukazve, kukura, uye kukura zvakare kusvika pakukura kwacho kwepakutanga mukati memavhiki mashoma kana mwedzi. Kungofanana nemuswe wedzvinyu unokurazve kana watyoka. Asi kukurumidza kukura uku kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakati wandei.
- Kana wakambopiwa chemotherapy.
- Kana paine kuungana kwemafuta muchiropa (chiropa chine mafuta).
- Kana uine chirwere chechiropa chisingaperi chakadai sechiropa chinonzi cirrhosis.
Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, mwero wekudzorerwa kwechiropa unogona kunonoka zvishoma.
Matanho ekuvhiyiwa ndeapi?
Kunyange zvazvo paine misiyano mishoma zvichienderana nenzira yekuvhiya uye huwandu hwenyama dzakabviswa, kuvhiya kunowanzoita seizvi:
1. Anesthesia: Ucharara zvachose (anesthesia yakajairika) usati wavhiyiwa.
2. Kuchekwa kwedumbu: Mukuvhiyiwa kwakavhurika, dumbu rinochekwa kwenguva refu. Pakuvhiyiwa kwe laparoscopy, kucheka kudiki kwakati wandei kunoitwa.
3. Kugadzirira chiropa: Chiremba achaona chikamu chaicho chechiropa chinofanira kubviswa. Ultrasound inogona kushandiswa panguva yekuvhiyiwa. Kana chikamu chinofanira kubviswa chiri pedyo nenduru, nduru inogonawo kubviswa.
4. Kubviswa kwechiropa: Chiremba anoparadzanisa chiropa nokungwarira, oziva tsinga dzeropa nedzinobuda muropa, odzivhara nezvidimbu kana kuti staplers. Midziyo yakakosha inoshandiswa kudzora kubuda ropa.
5. Kubviswa kwechikamu: Chikamu chechiropa chakaparadzaniswa chinobviswa mumuviri. Munzira ye laparoscopic, kucheka kwekuwedzera kwemasendimita angangoita 2-5 kungadiwa kuti chikamu ichi chibviswe.
Kazhinji, kuvhiyiwa uku kunogona kutora pakati pemaawa maviri kusvika matanhatu .
Chii chinoitika mushure mekuvhiyiwa? Kuchipatara
Mushure mekuvhiyiwa, muchatanga machengetwa muchikamu chakakosha (post-anesthesia unit) kusvika mamuka kubva pakunzwa kuneta, mozoendeswa kuchipatara chenguva dzose. Kana kuvhiyiwa kwacho kwakaoma zvikuru, mungafanira kugara muchikamu chevarwere vanorwara zvakanyanya (ICU) kwezuva rimwe kana maviri.
Mumazuva ekutanga, unenge waiswa machubhu akawanda mumuviri wako. Aya achabvisa mvura, anobatsira dumbu rako, uye anopa hutano. Chikwata chekurapa chichagara chichiongorora BP yako, huwandu hweshuga, uye kubuda ropa.
Kana mamiriro ako agadzikana, ungangogara muchipatara kwemazuva mashoma kana vhiki. Munguva iyi:
- Zvishoma nezvishoma, vachitanga nekudya zvine mvura, vanotanga kudya chikafu chakasimba.
- Achamuka pamubhedha otanga kufamba.
- Mapaipi akaiswa achabviswa zvishoma nezvishoma.
- Uchapihwa mushonga unodiwa kuti udzore marwadzo.
Pandakaenda kumba kubva kuchipatara, ndakapihwa zuva rekuti ndiuye kunoona chiremba zvakare mushure memavhiki maviri.
Njodzi Nematambudziko Ekuvhiya
Sekunge kune chero kuvhiyiwa kukuru, kune njodzi nematambudziko anogona kuitika, uye zvakakosha kuti uzvizive.
| Dambudziko | Tsananguro iri nyore |
|---|---|
| Utachiona | Kuchekwa kwacho kunogona kutapukirwa nepneumonia kana chirwere chemudumbu. Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inogona kurapa izvi. |
| Kubuda ropa | Kuvhiyiwa kwechiropa kune njodzi huru yekubuda ropa. Kuwedzerwa ropa kunogona kudiwa mushure mekuvhiyiwa. |
| Kubuda kwenyongo | Kana duct yenyongo ikakuvara panguva yekuvhiyiwa, nyongo inogona kubuda mudumbu. Izvi zvinoda kuti paiswe imwe chubhu kuti ibvise nyongo. |
| Kubuda kweropa muropa | Mvura inogona kuungana yakakomberedza mapapu, zvichikonzera kurwadziwa muchipfuva uye kuoma kufema. |
| MaAscites | Kuungana kwemvura mudumbu. Izvi zvinogona kurapwa nemishonga kana nekuisa chubhu yekuburitsa mvura. |
| Kugwamba kweropa (deep vein thrombosis) | Maronda eropa anogona kuumbwa mumakumbo nekuda kwekugara pamubhedha kwenguva yakareba mushure mekuvhiyiwa. |
| Kukundikana kwechiropa | Dambudziko iri rinogona kuitika kana chiropa chasara chisina kukwana kuti chishande zvakanaka mumuviri. Panyaya iyi, zvinogona kudiwa kuti munhu aisirwe chiropa nekukurumidza. |
Zvichienderana nehuwandu hwevanhu, vanhu vanosvika 2% vanofa nekuda kwematambudziko. Zvisinei, kune murwere ane kenza, mabhenefiti ekuvhiyiwa uku anopfuura njodzi dzinoenderana nekenza.
Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti munhu apore mushure mekuenda kumba?
Zvinogona kutora mavhiki mana kusvika masere kuti unyatsopora uri kumba. Uchafanira kutora nguva yekuzorora kubasa panguva iyi.
- Dzivisa kusimudza zvinhu zvinorema uye kurovedza muviri kunorema zvachose.
- Zvinogona kutora mavhiki angangoita gumi nemaviri kuti utangezve mabasa ese ezuva nezuva.
- Kana kuvhiyiwa kwe laparoscopic kana robotic kwakaitwa, nguva yekupora inogona kukurumidza.
Kuti ukurumidze kupora, zvakakosha kudya chikafu chine mapuroteni akawanda uye kuita maekisesaizi akareruka (sekufamba netsoka) . Edza kufamba kwemaminitsi makumi matatu pazuva, asi zorora kana uchinzwa kuneta.
Kana uine zviratidzo izvi, enda kuna chiremba nekukasika.
Kana ukaona zviratidzo zvisingawanzoitiki mushure mekudzokera kumba, zivisa chiremba wako nekukasika.
- Mvura yakaita seropa kana urwa hunobuda kubva paronda.
- Fivha isingaperi.
- Kurutsa kana manyoka.
- Kuzvimba kunotora mazuva anopfuura matatu.
- Kuzvimba kwedumbu.
- Kutsvuka kwemaziso neganda (Jaundice).
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Kuvhiyiwa kwechiropa, uko kunosanganisira kubviswa kwechikamu chechiropa, inzira yakakomba, asi inzira inoshanda zvikuru yekuponesa hupenyu kubva kuzvirwere zvakaita sekenza.
- Chiropa chedu chine simba guru rekuzvivandudza, saka musatya chikamu chinobviswa.
- Kusarudza chiremba ane ruzivo uye timu yezvekurapa kwakakosha zvikuru kuti kuvhiyiwa uku kubudirire.
- Zvinotora nguva kuti upore mushure mekuvhiyiwa, saka teerera muviri wako woupa zororo raunoda.
- Gara uchitevedzera mirairo yachiremba wako. Usatya kubvunza kana uine mibvunzo.
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