Kana uine dzihwa kana fivha, unoenda kunoona chiremba wemhuri yako. Kazhinji zvinopera mumazuva maviri kusvika matatu. Asi dzimwe nguva hazvidaro. Zvimwe zvirwere zvakaoma, zvakaoma kuzviongorora, uye hazvipinduri nemishonga yenguva dzose. Ndipo patinoda rubatsiro rwechiremba ane ruzivo rwakadzama. Nhasi tichataura nezvenyanzvi yakadaro. Uyu ndiye Chiremba weZvirwere Zvinotapukira (ID), kana sezvatinoti muchiRungu.
Ndiani nyanzvi yezvirwere zvinotapukira iyi?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, uyu chiremba akadzidza zvakanyanya nezvezvirwere zvinotapukira, zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona hunopinda mumiviri yedu. Utachiona uhu tupukanana tusingaone nemaziso edu. Kune mhando ina huru.
- Mavhairasi: Se coronavirus ne dengue virus.
- Mabhakitiriya: Anokonzera zvinhu zvakaita sehutachiona hwepahuro uye hutachiona hwemunzira yeweti.
- Fungi: Inokonzera zvirwere zveganda zvakaita se ringworm.
- Zvipembenene: Zvinokonzera zvinhu zvakaita semarariya nezvirwere zvehonye.
Zvipenyu izvi zviri kwese kwese. Dzimwe nguva zvinogara mumiviri yedu pasina kukonzera matambudziko. Asi dzimwe nguva zvinopinda mumiviri yedu zvotirwarisa. Zvirwere izvi zvinogona kubva padzihwa kusvika kuzvirwere zvinotyisidzira hupenyu.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, vanachiremba ava vane hunyanzvi vakafanana nevanotsvaga utachiona mumiviri yedu. Vanoshandisa kunyange zvinhu zvidiki diki munhoroondo yezvekurapa kwemurwere uye mishumo yerabhoritari kuti vaone kuti chii chiri kukonzera chirwere ichi uye kuti vangachidzora sei.
Hamufanirwe kuona nyanzvi yezvirwere zvese zvamunazvo. Chiremba anogona kurapa zvirwere zvakawanda. Zvisinei, kana chirwere chisingawanzoitiki , chakaoma , chakakomba , kana chisingaperi , mungangoda kuona nyanzvi.
Basa revanachiremba ava vane hunyanzvi nderei?
Vanachiremba ava vane hunyanzvi mukuongorora, kutarisira, uye kurapa zvirwere zvinotapukira zvakanyanya uye zvisingaperi. Vanowanzo shanda pamwe chete nedzimwe nyanzvi. Mamwe emabasa avo makuru anosanganisira:
- Kuongorora: Tinobatsira kuona zvirwere zvakaoma kuongororwa, zvakaoma kunzwisisa uye zvirwere zvemavhairasi.
- Kuziva chirwere: Kuziva kuti ndeapi hutachiona, mabhakitiriya, kana chimwe chinhu chiri kukonzera zviratidzo zvechirwere chako.
- Kutsvaga:Tiri kuferefeta kuti tupukanana utwu tunokanganisa sei nhengo dzakasiyana dzemiviri yedu uye kuti tunokanganisa sei nzanga.
- Kunzwisisa zvirwere zvitsva: Vanogara vachiziva nezvezvirwere zviri kubuda munyika uye mavhairasi anochinja nekufamba kwenguva.
- Unyanzvi muMishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya neMishonga yekudzivirira: Vane ruzivo rwakadzama nezveMishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, Mishonga inorwisa mavhairasi, uye Mishonga yekudzivirira.
Sei uchitumirwa kuna chiremba wezvirwere zvinotapukira?
Kazhinji, chiremba wemhuri yako (Primary Care Physician - PCP) kana mumwe nyanzvi anokurapa achakutumira kuna chiremba werudzi urwu. Panogona kuva nezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana zveizvi.
Fungidzira uine mapundu asingatarisiki paganda rako. Kana chiremba weganda rako achifungidzira kuti chirwere ichi hachiwanzoitiki, anogona kukutumira kune nyanzvi yezvirwere zvinotapukira. Semuenzaniso, kana mumwe munhu ave achirwara nepneumonia kwenguva yakareba, chiremba wemapapu anogona kubvunza nyanzvi yezvirwere zvinotapukira.
Tafura iri pazasi inogona kutsanangura izvi zvakanyanya.
| Chikonzero chekutumira tsamba | Tsananguro |
|---|---|
| Kuongororwa kwakaomarara | Kana paine hutachiona kana hutachiona husingawanzoonekwi, husingawanzoonekwi. |
| Fivha isina kutsanangurwa | Fivha yakakwira inoramba iripo isina chikonzero chinozivikanwa (Fivha yekwakabva isingazivikanwe). |
| Kuramba Mishonga Inorwisa Mabhakitiriya | Kana mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya ikapihwa isingakwanise kudzora hutachiona, tsvaga mazano ekurapa dzimwe nzira. |
| Utachiona hwenguva refu | Kurapa zvirwere zvinoda kurapwa kwenguva refu, zvakaita seHIV/AIDS neHepatitis. |
| Zvirwere zvinouya mushure mekufamba | Zviratidzo zvisingawanzoitika mushure mekufamba kunze kwenyika (semuenzaniso malaria, typhoid). |
| Kuwanda kwemasero machena eropa | Kana huwandu hwemasero machena eropa hwakakwira mumishumo yeropa, tarisa kuti uone kana paine hutachiona huri kukonzera izvi. |
Ndezvipi zvirwere zvavanowanzorapa?
Kune zviuru zvezvirwere zvinotapukira pasi rose. Heano mamwe ezvirwere zvinowanzo rapa nenyanzvi dzezvirwere zvinotapukira:
- HIV/AIDS: Hutachiona hweHuman Immunodeficiency Virus neAIDS.
- Chifuva (TB): Utachiona hunokonzera hutachiona hunonyanya kukanganisa mapapu.
- Hepatitis B neC: Utachiona hwemavhairasi hunokanganisa chiropa.
- Meningitis: Utachiona hwakakomba hunokonzera kuzvimba kwematumbu anofukidza uropi nemusana.
- Chirwere cheLyme: Chirwere chinotapukirwa nezvikwekwe.
- Pneumonia yakaoma: Utachiona hwemapapu husingapindure kana kurapwa kwakajairika.
- Utachiona hweMapfupa neMajoini: Zvakafanana neOsteomyelitis.
- Zvirwere Zvepabonde (STIs): Zvakaoma uye zvakaoma kurapa.
- Clostridium difficile (C. diff): Utachiona hwakakomba hwemudumbu.
- Mishonga Yekufamba: Zvirwere zvakaita semarariya, dengue, uye typhoid.
Chii chaunofanira kutarisira paunoshanyira chiremba uyu?
Paunoshanyira nyanzvi yakaita seiyi, ichakubvunza mubvunzo wakadzama nezvenhoroondo yako yese yezvekurapa uye zviratidzo. Mimwe yemibvunzo yaungabvunzwa ndeiyi:
- Zviratidzo: Zviratidzo zvipi zvaunazvo? Zvakatanga riini? Zviri kuipa here kana kuti zviri nani?
- Nhoroondo yezvekurapa: Ndezvipi zvirwere, kuvhiyiwa, uye mishonga zvawakambosangana nazvo kare?
- Nzvimbo nemararamiro: Basa rako nderei? Wakambofamba chero kupi zvako nguva pfupi yadarika, kunyanya kune imwe nyika? Une mhuka dzinovaraidza kumba here? Unopedza nguva yakawanda uri panze here?
Mushure memibvunzo iyi, chiremba achakuongororai panyama yenyu. Zvadaro, achakubvunzai kuti muone kana paine dambudziko racho.
Miedzo yavanogona kurayira
- Kuongororwa kweropa: Tarisa hutachiona, huwandu hwemasero machena eropa, uye masoja ekudzivirira chirwere kuhutachiona hwakasiyana.
- Kuongororwa kweweti: Kuona zvinhu zvakaita sehutachiona hwemunzira yeweti.
- Zviyero zvetsvina: Tarisa kana paine hutachiona hwemudumbu kana tupukanana.
- Kupomba pahuro : Kuziva mabhakitiriya anokonzera hutachiona hwepahuro.
- Kuongororwa kwenyama: Kutora chidimbu chidiki chenyama kubva panzvimbo ine hutachiona kuti chiongororwe.
- Kuongororwa kwemifananidzo: X-rays, CT scans, uye MRI scans zvinogona kushandiswa kuona kuti hutachiona hwapararira sei mumuviri.
- Kuboorwa kwemusana/Kuboorwa kwemusana: Kuongororwa uku kunoitwa kana paine fungidziro yekuti pane hutachiona hweuropi kana hwemusana (senge meningitis).
Ungaita sei kuti uve nyanzvi yezvirwere zvinotapukira?
Rwendo urwu rwakareba uye rwakazvipira. Vanachiremba ava vane dhigirii rezvekurapa sevamwe vanachiremba, asi pamusoro pezvo, vanodzidziswa kwemakore akawanda muzvidzidzo zvekudzivirira muviri uye epidemiology.
- Immunology: Chidzidzo chekushanda kwemasoja emuviri wedu uye kuti utachiona hunokanganisa sei masoja edu.
- Epidemiology: Sainzi inodzidza kuti sei zvirwere zvichipararira munharaunda uye kuti zvinopararira sei, uye kuti zvinhu zvipi zvinozvipesvedzera.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, vanopedza makore akati wandei vari mukurapa kwemukati mushure mechikoro chekurapa, zvichiteverwa nemakore maviri kana anopfuura ekudzidziswa kwehunyanzvi muzvirwere zvinotapukira. Nekuda kweizvi, vane ruzivo rwakakura nezvehutachiona uye kuti hunokanganisa sei miviri yedu.
Kana uine chirwere chinotapukira icho chiremba wako ari kuomerwa nekuongorora kana kurapa, vanogona kukutumira kune nyanzvi yezvirwere zvinotapukira. Vachashanda nachiremba wako nevamwe vanotarisira hutano kuti vagadzirise dambudziko rako uye vakubatsire kuti upore zvakare.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Chiremba wezvirwere zvinotapukira inyanzvi inorapa zvirwere zvakaoma, zvisingawanzoitiki, kana kuti zvisingaperi zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona.
- Hamufanirwe kuona nyanzvi iyi kana muine hutachiona hwakajairika. Munowanzo tumirwa kuna chiremba wemhuri yenyu.
- Ruzivo rwavo rwakakosha pazvirwere zvakaita sefivha isingatsanangurike, hutachiona husingarapike nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, HIV/AIDS, uye TB.
- Vachakubvunza nezvenhoroondo yako yese kuti vaongorore chirwere chacho uye vanogona kuraira bvunzo dzakasiyana-siyana.
- Vakafanana ne "vaongorori vezvirwere" vanotsvaga utachiona hwezvirwere. Vanoshanda nachiremba wako mukuru kuti akupe kurapa kwakanakisisa.
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