Ungave wakanzwa kuti kune mishonga mitsva, yepamusoro-soro yezvirwere zvakakomba zvakaita sekenza. Dzimwe nguva chiremba anogona kuti, "Kune mushonga wakakosha weizvi unoshandisa masoja edu ekudzivirira muviri." Nhasi, tichataura nezvekurapa kwakabudirira zvikuru mukurapa. Aya anonzi monoclonal antibodies. Kunyangwe zita racho rakaoma zvishoma, nyaya yacho iri nyore. Ngationei kuti chii ichi.
Ndezvipi izvi zvinonzi monoclonal antibodies?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, aya mapuroteni akakosha anogadzirwa murabhoritari anoshanda zvakafanana nema antibodies anogadzira miviri yedu zvakasikwa.
Zvino funga nezvazvo, muviri wedu wakaita senyika. Kune uto rekudzivirira nyika ino. Uto iroro ndiwo masoja edu ekudzivirira muviri . Utachiona nezvinhu zvinokonzera zvirwere (zvatinodaidza kuti maantigen ) zvinobva kunze zvakafanana nevavengi vari kuuya munyika yedu. Ma antibodies aya ndiwo masoja akakosha muuto redu. Basa ravo nderekutsvaga, kubata, nekuparadza vavengi ava.
Dzimwe nguva, kunyangwe zvinhu zvakaita semasero ekenza zvichikura mumiviri yedu, masoja edu ekudzivirira chirwere haakwanise kuzviona. Ndipo patinotsvaga rubatsiro kubva kune vamwe.
Ma antibodies eMonoclonal , kana tichizvitaura zviri nyore, akafanana nemasoja akadzidziswa, akangwara zvikuru, akagadzirwa murabhoritari. "Mono" zvinoreva "imwe chete." "Clonal" zvinoreva "kopi." Kureva kuti, antibody imwe chete yakangwara zvikuru inosarudzwa uye mamiriyoni emakopi chaiwo ayo anogadzirwa murabhoritari. Uto iri rema antibodies rinozopinzwa mumiviri yedu semushonga. Anoenda zvakananga kumasero ari kukonzera chirwere (semuenzaniso, masero ekenza), anonamatira paari, uye anobatsira masoja edu ekudzivirira muviri kuti aaparadze.
Kana zita remushonga uyu waunopiwa riine mavara matatu ekuti "mab" kumagumo (semuenzaniso Trastuzumab, Rituximab), zvinoreva kuti iMonoclonal Antibody.
Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pe monoclonal ne polyclonal?
Izvi zvakare zviri nyore kwazvo.
- Monoclonal: Izvi zvakafanana nepfuti inopfura nepfuti. Pane chinangwa chimwe chete. Ma antibodies aya akagadzirwa kuti abatanidzwe kune antigen imwe chete. Saka, akanyatsojeka uye haazopotsa chinangwa.
- Polyclonal: "Poly" zvinoreva "zvakawanda." Aya muunganidzwa wema antibodies akasiyana. Kufanana neuto rine zvombo zvakasiyana, anogona kurwisa mhando dzakasiyana dzema antigen .
Ma antibodies e monoclonal anonyanya kushandiswa pakurapa nekuti ndiwo anonyanya kunangwa.
Izvi zvinoshandiswa kuitei?
Nzira iyi yekurapa yava kushandiswa pazvinhu zvakawanda. Kubva pakutsvagurudza kusvika pakurapa zvirwere.
| Nzvimbo yekushandisa | Tsananguro iri nyore |
|---|---|
| Kuongororwa kwechirwere | Inoshandiswa mumarabhoritari kuona chinhu. Semuenzaniso, kit yekuyedza pamuviri yaunoshandisa kumba inoshandawo nehunyanzvi uhu. |
| Kupatsanurwa kwenyama neropa | Izvi zvinoshandiswa kuona kana nyama dzemupi neanogamuchira dzichienderana panguva yekuisirwa nhengo. |
| Kurapa zvirwere | Ichi ndicho chinhu chakakosha. Izvi zvinoshandiswa kurapa zvirwere zvakawanda, zvakaita sekenza nearthritis. |
Ndezvipi zvirwere zvinorapwa nema antibodies e monoclonal?
Nzira iyi yekurapa iri kushandiswa zvinobudirira pazvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana. Zvimwe zvacho zvinosanganisira:
- Gomarara: Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzegomarara dzakadai segomarara remazamu, gomarara remuura, uye gomarara reropa.
- Kudzivirira kurambwa kwekuisirwa nhengo: Kudzivisa muviri kuramba nhengo yakaisirwa (yakadai seitsvo, chiropa).
- Zvirwere zve autoimmune: Zvezvirwere umo masoja emuviri anorwisa masero awo, zvakaita se rheumatoid arthritis nechirwere cheCrohn.
- Kurwara nepfungwa: Kune asthma yakanyanya uye zvimwe zvirwere zvepfungwa.
- Utachiona: Hunoshandiswawo kurapa mamwe hutachiona, hwakadai seCOVID-19.
- Osteoporosis
- Matambudziko emaziso
- Migraine
- Kolesteroli yakakwira
Kurapwa kunopiwa sei?
Kurapwa uku kunowanzoitwa semvura yakaita semunyu mutsinga (inopinzwa mutsinga kana kuti mutsinga yeropa). Izvi zvinowanzoitwa muchikamu chakakosha (nzvimbo yekupinzwa mutsinga) muchipatara kana kukiriniki. Vamwe vanhu vakawanda vanogona kunge vari kurapwa ipapo panguva imwe chete yauri kurapwa.
Kana iri nguva yako yekutanga uchirapwa seizvi, chiremba wako anogona kukukumbira kuti uuye nemumwe wemhuri yako kuti vazive nezvekurapa uye zvekutarisira mushure mezvo. Munguva yekurapwa kwekutanga, vashandi vekurapa vachakutarisa zvakanaka kuti vaone kana uine allergy yakakura.
Kashoma, mamwe ma antibodies e monoclonal anopiwawo sejekiseni repasi pemuviri. Kana zvakadaro, uchadzidziswa maitiro ekuzvipa jekiseni.
Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzekurapa uku here?
Ehe, mauto aya "akaumbwa" anogona kuita mabasa akasiyana-siyana. Saka, kune mhando nhatu huru.
| Rudzi | Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore... |
|---|---|
| MaAntibodies eMonoclonal Akashama | Masoja aya anoshanda ega. Anoenda zvakananga kumasero emuvengi opa chiratidzo kumasoja emuviri kuti aaparadze. |
| MaAntibodies eMonoclonal Akasanganiswa | Masoja aya haaendi ega. Anotakura "bhomba." Kureva kuti, chinhu chine radioactive kana mushonga wekurwisa kenza chakabatanidzwa kune antibody iyi. Musoja anoenda zvakananga kumasero emuvengi obva aputitsa bhomba iri. Zvadaro kukuvara kunongova kumasero emuvengi chete. |
| MaAntibodies eBispecific Monoclonal | Ava ndivo varwi vane hunyanzvi hwakanyanya. Zvinoita sekuti vane maoko maviri. Paunobata sero remuvengi neruoko rumwe, unobata sero remuviri wedu wekuzvidzivirira neruoko rumwe wobva wati, "Heuno muvengi, rwisa." Vanosangana zvakananga. |
Ndezvipi zvakanakira nzira iyi yekurapa?
- Kurapa kwakanangana: Iyi ndiyo mukana mukuru. Kusiyana nechemotherapy yenguva dzose, kurapwa uku hakukuvadzi masero ane hutano zvakanyanya. Nekuti kunorwisa munhu anorwisa chete, hapana migumisiro yakawanda.
- Kubudirira kwakanyanya: Nzira iyi yekurapa yakabudirira zvikuru pazvirwere zvakaita semamwe marudzi ekenza.
- Hunhu: Nekuti inogadzirwa murabhoritari, mushonga wese unogadzirwa une mwero wakafanana.
- Kugadzirwa kwakawanda: Izvi zvino zvinogona kugadzirwa zvakawanda.
Pane njodzi kana matambudziko here nekurapwa uku?
Sezvinongoita chero kurapwa kupi zvako, kune dzimwe njodzi dzinobatanidzwa. Asi musazvidya mwoyo, chiremba wenyu achakutsanangurirai zvese.
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuzivisa vashandi vezvehutano nekukasika kana ukaona zviratidzo zvisingawanzoitika panguva yekurapwa uku kana mushure mekurapwa uku.
Matambudziko akajairika anosanganisira:
- Kupindirana kwemushonga neinfusion: Izvi zvinogona kuitika panguva kana kuti nguva pfupi mushure mekunge mushonga waiswa mutsinga. Izvi hazviwanzo kuva zvakakomba.
- Mapundu eganda
- Kupindwa nechando
- Kudedera nekuda kwechando
- Kuoma kufema
- Kudikitira
- Kuchinja kweropa
- Kuwedzera kwekurova kwemoyo
Kana chimwe chinhu chakadai chikaitika, chinogona kudzorwa nekuderedza mwero wekushandiswa kwemishonga kana kuimisa kwenguva yakati.
- Maitiro akanyanya kuoma (asi asingawanzoonekwi):
- Acute Anaphylaxis: Uku kurwara kwakanyanya kunoitika kamwe kamwe uye kunogona kuisa hupenyu panjodzi. Ndosaka zvichidikanwa kutarisa nekungwarira pakutanga kwekurapa.
- Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS): Ichi chirwere apo masoja emuviri anotanga kushanda zvakanyanya uye chinokonzera "dutu." Izvi zvinogona kukuvadza nhengo dzemuviri.
- Kurwara neropa: Chinoitika apa ndechekuti muviri wedu unotanga kurwisa puroteni chaiyo (antibody) yakapihwa semushonga.
Dzimwe njodzi dzinogona kunge dzakanangana nechirwere chiri kurapwa. Semuenzaniso, tumor lysis syndrome mukurapa kenza.Izvi zvinogona kuitika kana masero egomarara akurumidza kuparadzwa, uye itsvo dzisingakwanise kubata tsvina yadzinogadzira.
Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti munhu apore mushure mekurapwa?
Nguva inotora kuti mushonga upihwe netsinga inogona kusiyana. Semuenzaniso, mune dzimwe nzira dzekurapa COVID-19, mushonga wacho wakapihwa kweinenge awa imwe chete, uchizoteverwa neinenge awa imwe chete yekutarisa.
Ndosaka uchifanira kuuya nemumwe wemhuri yako pazuva rekutanga. Kana pasina migumisiro yakaipa, unogona kuuya wega kune mamwe marapirwo anotevera. Kana usina kuneta mushure mekurapwa, bvunza chiremba wako kana uchikwanisa kuramba uchiita mabasa ako enguva dzose (basa, chikoro). Zvinoenderana nemamiriro ako ezvinhu uye hutano hwako hwese.
Ndotaura nachiremba here nezvenyaya iyi?
Ehe zvechokwadi.
- Kana uri kutogamuchira kurapwa kwe monoclonal antibody uye ukaona zviratidzo zvisingawanzoitiki (sezvakaita maitiro atakurukura kare), fonera chiremba wako nekukasika kana kuenda kuEmergency Department (ETU).
- Kana uine chirwere chakaonekwa sechinogona kurapwa, taura nachiremba wako nezvekuti mushonga uyu we monoclonal antibody wakakunakira here. Iye achaongorora mamiriro ako, otsanangura zvakanakira nezvakaipira, uye otsanangura kana chakakunakira.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Ma antibodies eMonoclonal mushonga wakasarudzika unoshandisa makopi ema antibodies edu, akagadzirwa murabhoritari.
- Aya ndiwo "mishonga inorapwa zvakanangana" saka masero ane hutano haakuvadzi zvakanyanya.
- Izvi zviri kushandiswa zvinobudirira kurapa zvirwere zvakakomba zvakawanda, zvakaita sekenza, arthritis, uye allergies.
- Kurapa uku kunowanzoitwa semvura ine munyu mutsinga. Mamwe maitiro anogona kuitika panguva yekurapwa uye mushure mekurapwa.
- Zvakakosha zvikuru kuudza chiremba wako zviratidzo zvisingawanzoitika.
- Chiremba wako chete ndiye anogona kusarudza kana kurapwa uku kwakakunakira, saka kurukura naye zvese.
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