Dzimwe nguva tinova nekukosora uye madzihwa zvakanamira pahuro nepachipfuva, hazvina kuoma here? Kana madzihwa akanamira muchipfuva asingabude, zvinoita sekunge hatigone kufema. Izvi zvinonyanya kunetsa uye zvinoshungurudza kune avo vane zvirwere zvemapapu zvenguva refu zvakaita seasthma neCOPD. Panguva dzakadaro, tiri kutaura nezvemhando yakakosha yemushonga unobatsira kunyungudutsa madzihwa akakora, anonamira uye kuaburitsa zviri nyore. Izvi ndizvo zvinonzi Mucolytic medicine mukurapa.
Chii chinonzi mucolytic? Ngatinzwisise zviri nyore.
Zvakanaka, ngatinzwisise izvi nemuenzaniso uri nyore. Fungidzira kuti madzihwa ari mumapapu ako akaita sechizimbe gobvu, chinonamira. Chizimbe ichi chinovhara nzira diki dzekufema mumapapu ako, zvichiita kuti zviome kufema. Kwete izvozvo chete, asi madzihwa aya anobvumirawo utachiona kuti hubatwe mukati, zvichiita kuti uve nechirwere.
Mishonga yeMucolytics inobatsira kuderedza manyoka akakora, akaita semazino, semvura. Kutaura chokwadi, inoputsa makemikari anokonzera manyoka kukora. Kana manyoka akatetepa, unogona kukosora zviri nyore. Inoita kuti kufema kuve nyore, uye chipfuva chako chinzwe zviri nani.
Mucolytic iyi chikamu chemhando yakakura yemishonga. Tinoidaidza kuti mucoactive agents yekirasi iyi. Izvi zvinoreva kuti chero mushonga unokanganisa madzihwa nenzira dzakasiyana uye unobatsira kuti abviswe mumapapu ndewerudzi urwu. Semuenzaniso, mimwe mishonga inobvisa madzerere yatinotora pakukosora kwakajairika inowedzera huwandu hwemadzihwa, inoanyungudutsa, uye inobatsira kuti abudiswe. Asi Mucolytics yakasiyana zvishoma. Inokanganisa zvakananga mamorekuru emadzihwa akakora pachawo.
Mushonga uyu wemucolytic unoshanda sei mumuviri?
Kuti tinzwisise izvi, tinofanira kutanga taziva zvishoma nezvekuti mapapu edu anozvichenesa sei.
Kazhinji, mapapu emunhu ane hutano anogara achiburitsa huremu hwakati wandei hwemanyoka. Hapana chakaipa nazvo. Huremu uhwu hunokosha zvikuru. Nekuti patinofema, huremu uhwu hunobata zvinhu zvisingadiwi zvakaita seguruva, mukume, nehutachiona zvinopinda mumhepo uye zvinodzivirira mapapu nekudzivirira kupinda.
Zvadaro, munzira dzedu dzekufema, mune mamiriyoni ezvimiro zvakanaka kwazvo, zvakaita sebvudzi. Sezvakaita mvere dzemutsvairo mudiki. Tinodaidza idzi kuti cilia . Idzi cilia dzinoramba dzichifamba munzira imwe chete, iri kuenda kuhuro. Semafungu mugungwa. Kufamba uku kunosundira madzihwa akabata utachiona zvishoma nezvishoma kuenda kuhuro. Zvadaro, tisingazvizivi, tinomedza madzihwa iwayo, kana kuti tinoakosora, toasvipa. Iyi inzira inoshamisa yechisikigo iyo muviri wedu unoshanda nayo kuchengetedza mapapu edu akachena.
Asi mune zvimwe zvirwere zvemapapu zvinogara kwenguva refu, maitiro aya anokanganiswa.
- Huwandu hwemanyoka anogadzirwa hunowedzera zvakanyanya.
- Madzihwa anoumbwa anova gobvu uye anonamira.
- Zvimwe zvirwere zvinoderedza kushanda kwe cilia iyoyo.
Nekuda kwezvikonzero izvi, madzihwa haakwanise kusundirwa kunze uye anonamira mumapapu. Izvi zvinoita kuti zviome kufema uye zvinokonzera hutachiona.
Mishonga yemucolytic inobatsira pane dambudziko iri. Inokurumidza kuputsa makemikoro ari mumukaka wakakora, unonamira, zvichiita kuti utete. Nenzira iyi, kunyange cilia isina simba inogona kusundira mukaka kunze zviri nyore. Uye, unogona kuukosora pasina kushanda nesimba.
Mishonga yemucolytic inoshandiswa pazvirwere zvipi?
Mishonga iyi haisi yedzihwa kana kukosora. Inowanzo nyorwa nachiremba kune vanhu vane zvirwere zvemapapu zvinogara kwenguva refu zvinoburitsa madzihwa akakora.
- Cystic Fibrosis: Ichi chirwere chinokonzerwa nemajini. Vanhu vane chirwere ichi vane madzihwa akakora mumuviri wavo, kunyanya mumapapu nepancreas. Izvi zvinokonzera hutachiona hwemapapu kakawanda.
- Bronchiectasis: Chirwere ichi chinoitika kana nzira dzekufema (bronchi) mumapapu dzikakuvara zvachose, dzakakura, uye dzazara nemadzihwa. Izvi zvinokonzera kukosora kusingaperi uye hutachiona.
- Chirwere Chisingaperi Chekuvharira Mapupa (COPD): Ichi chirwere chemapapu chinowanzoitika kwenguva refu chinowanzoonekwa muvanhu vanoputa fodya. Matambudziko ese anonzi emphysema nebronchitis asingaperi anowira muchikamu ichi. Zviratidzo zvikuru zveizvi zvakare kugadzirwa kwemate uye kuoma kwekufema.
- Asthma: Vamwe varwere veasthma vanowanawo madzihwa akakora. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, mushonga uyu unogona kunyorerwa chiremba kana akasarudza.
Ndedzipi mhando dzeMucolytics dzinonyanya kushandiswa?
Kune mhando mbiri dzeMucolytics dzinonyanya kushandiswa muSri Lanka nepasi rose.
1. Acetylcysteine: Inozivikanwawo seN-acetyl cysteine, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, kana kuti NAC muchidimbu. Mucomyst® izita rinozivikanwa remushonga uyu. Inobatsira kuonda kwephlegm, uye ine simba rekudzivirira kuzvimba uye antioxidant.
Mushonga uyu weAcetylcysteine une chimwe chinhu chinoshamisa uye chinoponesa hupenyu. Mushonga uyu unopiwawo muzvipatara kuburikidza nenzira yeIV (inopinzwa mutsinga) kudzivirira kukuvara kwechiropa kana tikatora mushonga wakawandisa watinowanzo tora nekuda kwefivha nekurwadziwa kwemuviri, unonzi Paracetamol (inozivikanwawo seTylenol®), inova overdose.
2. Dornase Alfa (ோனேஸ அல�யா): Pulmozyme® ndiro zita remushonga uyu. Uyu mushonga unoomesawo manyoka. Zvisinei, uyu unonyanya kukurudzirwa kune varwere vane Cystic Fibrosis. Haukurudzirwi kune varwere vane Bronchiectasis vasina Cystic Fibrosis.
Ungatora sei mushonga uyu? (Nzira dzekushandisa)
Kune nzira dzakasiyana siyana dzekupa mushonga uyu wemucolytic mumuviri. Chiremba wako ndiye achasarudza nzira yakakodzera zvichienderana nemamiriro ako ezvinhu.
- Kuburikidza neNebulizer: Iyi ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushandiswa. Ungave wakaona vana nevakuru vachipihwa mask diki yekufema. Muchina iwoyo unonzi nebulizer . Mushonga uyu unoiswa muchimiro chemvura mumuchina uyu uye munhu anofema utsi hwakaita semhute hunogadzirwa kubva mauri kwemaminitsi mashoma. Zvadaro mushonga unoenda zvakananga mumapapu.
- By IV (inopinzwa mutsinga): Mune dzimwe nguva dzenjodzi, kunyanya mumamiriro ezvinhu akadai sekunyanyisa kushandisa Paracetamol, mushonga uyu unopinzwa zvakananga mumuviri kuburikidza ne cannula inopinzwa mutsinga.
- Mushonga wemuromo: Mune dzimwe nyika, mushonga uyu unowanikwa uri muchimiro chemapiritsi kana sachet inonyungudutswa mumvura yonwiwa.
Mucolytic uye Expectorant: Chii chakasiyana pakati pezviviri izvi?
Apa ndipo panowanzo vhiringika vanhu vazhinji. Ungafunga kuti, "Mishonga yese yekukosora haina kufanana here?" Asi handizvo zvazviri. Mishonga yemucolytics neyokubuda ropa mhando mbiri dzemishonga inobatsira kubvisa madzihwa, asi inoshanda nenzira mbiri dzakasiyana.
| Hunhu | Mucolytic | Chinobvisa huturu |
|---|---|---|
| Mashandiro azvinoita | Inopwanya madzihwa nekupwanya zvisungo zvemakemikari zviri mumadzihwa akakora, anonamira uye ozvinyungudutsa . | Inowedzera hunyoro muhuro hwekufema, inowedzera kuyerera kwehunyoro, uye inobatsira kuburitsa hunyoro . |
| Kushandiswa kukuru | Kune zvirwere zvemapapu zvinogara kwenguva refu (zvisingaperi) zvakaita seCOPD, Cystic Fibrosis, Bronchiectasis. | Kukosora kwenguva pfupi uye manyoka anokonzerwa nemamiriro ezvinhu akadai sedzihwa nefuruuNekuti. |
| Kuwanikwa | Kazhinji kacho chiremba anofanirwa kunyora tsamba yechiremba . | Mishonga mizhinji inogona kutengwa muchitoro chemishonga (OTC) pasina kunyorerwa nachiremba. |
| Mienzaniso | Acetylcysteine, Dornase alfa | Guaifenesin (inowanikwa mumanyuchi akawanda ekukosora) |
Pane migumisiro yakaipa here? Zvinhu zvatinofanira kuziva
Kufanana nemushonga upi zvawo, mishonga yemucolytic inogona kukonzera mimwe migumisiro yakaipa, kunyange hazvo vasiri vese vanoiwana.
Vanhu vane asthma vanofanira kungwarira zvikuru pavanotora Acetylcysteine. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti dzimwe nguva mushonga uyu unogona kukonzera kuti mabronchioles awedzere kuvharika. Izvi zvinonzi bronchospasm . Saka, kana uine asthma, unofanira kuudza chiremba wako usati watora mushonga uyu. Kana zvichidikanwa, anogona kunyora mumwe mushonga (bronchodilator) unovhura nzira dzekufema pamwe chete nemushonga uyu.
Migumisiro inowanzoonekwa:
- Kusvotwa kana kurutsa
- Kusagadzikana kwekugaya chikafu kana kuzvimba
- Mapundu eganda kana kuvaviwa
- Huro inorwadza
- Kuchinja kwezwi kana kurasikirwa kwezwi
- Kuoma kufema (dyspnea)
- Kurwadziwa kwechipfuva
Chimwezve ndechekuti mushonga uyu weAcetylcysteine une hwema hwakaipa zvishoma. Vanhu vazhinji vanoti unonhuwirira semazai akaora. Hausi chirwere, ingori makemikari emushonga wacho. Saka musazvidya mwoyo nazvo.
Ndinofanira kuona chiremba nguvai?
Paunenge uchishandisa mushonga uyu, iva nechokwadi chekutaura nachiremba wako mumamiriro ezvinhu anotevera:
- Kana muine mibvunzo kana kusava nechokwadi nezvemushonga wamakanyorerwa.
- Kana ukasangana nematambudziko asina kunaka, asingatarisirwi, kana kuti akakomba mushure mekutora mushonga.
- Kana uchinzwa sekuti zviratidzo zvako hazvisi kuvandudzika kunyangwe uchishandisa mushonga.
- Kana uine asthma uye uchinzwa kuoma kufema mushure mekutora mushonga uyu, tsvaga rubatsiro nekukasika .
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti, usamboshandisa mishonga iyi usina kupiwa zano nachiremba. Usafunge kuti zvakashanda kushamwari yako zvichashanda kwauri. Muviri wemunhu wese nemamiriro ake ezvinhu zvakasiyana.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Mucolytic imhando yemushonga unobatsira kutetepa kwehutsi hwakakora, hunonamira mumapapu uye kuita kuti zvive nyore kubvisa.
- Izvi zvinowanzo shandiswa pazvirwere zvemapapu zvisingaperi zvakaita seCOPD neCystic Fibrosis, kwete padzihwa.
- Mushonga uyu unofanira kungotorwa chete kana chiremba akurudzira .
- Kana uine asthma, zvakakosha zvikuru kuzivisa chiremba wako usati watora mushonga uyu.
- Kana ukaona zviratidzo zvisingawanzoitiki kana migumisiro yakaipa paunenge uchishandisa mushonga, zivisa chiremba wako nekukasika.
- Mishonga yekudzivirira kukosora (mucolytics) nemishonga yekukosora isingatengeswi nechiremba (expectorants) zvinhu zviviri zvakasiyana. Usavhiringidze zvinhu zviviri izvi.
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