Mahormone ako ese epituitary akaderera here? Ngatitaurei nezve panhypopituitarism!

Dzimwe nguva zvinhu mumiviri yedu hazvishande sezvaitarisirwa, handiti? Mahormone iboka revanhu vanokosha zvikuru vanobatanidzwa mumabasa ese mumuviri wedu. Kana paine dambudziko nehurongwa hwemahormone uhwu, rinogona kukanganisa hupenyu hwedu hwese. Nhasi tichataura nezvechirwere chisingawanzoitika icho munhu wese anofanira kuziva. Icho chinonzi panhypopituitarism.

Chii chinonzi Panhypopituitarism?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, panhypopituitarism chirwere chisingawanzoitiki apo pituitary gland, gland diki riri muuropi hwedu, haribudisi zvakakwana kana kuti harina kukwana mumahormone ese aro. Chikamu che "pan" chinoreva "zvese." Chirwere ichi chinogona kukanganisa vacheche, vana, nevakuru.

Zvino ungangove uchishamisika kuti, "Mahormone aya chii? Sei achikosha kudaro?" Zvakanaka, ngatizvitarisei.

Mahormone akafanana nevatumwa mumiviri yedu. Makemikoro akakosha. Anofamba nemuropa redu uye anotakura mashoko kunhengo dzakasiyana-siyana, tsandanyama, nedzimwe nhengo dzemuviri. Anobatanidza, kureva kuti, anodzora uye anoronga zviito zvakasiyana-siyana zvemuviri wedu, achivaudza kuti "ita izvi, zviite panguva ino, zviite nenzira iyi."

Gland redu repituitary rakakura sepizi. Riri pasi pehuropi hwedu, pasi pehypothalamus. (Hypothalamus inzvimbo huru muuropi inodzora zvinhu zvakawanda zvakakosha, kusanganisira sisitimu yedu yetsinga inotonga yega yega.) Pasinei nehukuru hwayo hudiki, gland repituitary rinoita basa rakakosha muhurongwa hwedu hwe endocrine. Kureva kuti, ndiwo mahormone aya epituitary anodzora zvinhu zvakawanda mumuviri wedu, zvakaita semetabolism, kukura, uye kubereka.

Kazhinji, miviri yedu inonyatso dzora huwandu hwemahormone aya. Zvisinei, kana rimwe remahormone aya rikanyanya kuderera, rinogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana nematambudziko ehutano. Panhypopituitarism inguva apo mahormone ese anogadzirwa negland repituitary anenge akanyanya kuderera, zvichikonzera zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana.

Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pePanhypopituitarism neHypopituitarism?

Mazita maviri aya akafanana zvishoma, saka anogona kuvhiringidza. Funga nezvazvo, hypopituitarism chirwere umo rimwe kana akawanda mahormone anogadzirwa nepituitary gland. Panhypopituitarism inyaya yakakosha uye yakazara. Kureva kuti, panhypopituitarism kushomeka kwemahormone ese anogadzirwa nepituitary gland. Izwi rekuti "pan" rinoreva "zvese", saka rinotsanangura mamiriro aya.

Mahormone api anogadzirwa ne pituitary gland?

Kune mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemahormone anogadzirwa uye anoburitswa (anoburitswa) negland redu repituitary. Rimwe nerimwe rawo rine basa raro. Ngatitarisei kuti chii:

• Homoni yeAdrenocorticotropic (ACTH kana corticotropin): Izvi zvinokurudzira ma adrenal glands edu kuti agadzire homoni inonzi cortisol. Cortisol iyi inonziwo 'stress hormone'. Yakakosha zvikuru pakudzora BP uye huwandu hweshuga muropa.
• Homoni inokurudzira follicle (FSH): Homoni iyi inobatsira kukurudzira kugadzirwa kwembeu muvarume uye inosimudzira maovari muvakadzi kuti agadzire homoni inonzi estrogen uye kuti mazai akure.
• Homoni yekukura (GH): Sezvinoratidzwa nezita racho, inokosha pakukura kwevana. Inobatsirawo kuchengetedza tsandanyama nemapfupa zvine hutano muvakuru, uye inokanganisa kupararira kwemafuta mumuviri. GH inobatanidzwawo mukugadzirwa kwemuviri wedu.
• Luteinizing hormone (LH): LH inodiwa kuti ikurumidzise ovulation muvakadzi uye kuti ikurumidzise kugadzirwa kwe testosterone muvarume.
• Prolactin: Hormone iyi inosimudzira kugadzirwa kwemukaka wemuzamu mushure mekuzvarwa kwemwana. Inogonawo kukanganisa nguva yekuenda kumwedzi kuvakadzi uye kubereka uye mashandiro epabonde kuvakuru.
• Homoni inokurudzira thyroid (TSH): Izvi zvinokurudzira thyroid gland yedu kuti igadzire mahormone ethyroid, ayo anotarisira metabolism, simba, uye tsinga.

Pamusoro peizvi, pituitary gland inochengeta nekuburitsa mamwe mahormone maviri kana zvichidikanwa. Zvisinei, aya anogadzirwa nehypothalamus:

• Homoni inoderedza diuretic (ADH kana vasopressin): Homoni iyi inodzora huwandu hwemvura nesodium (munyu) mumuviri wedu.
• Oxytocin: Inobatsira vakadzi kukwenya chibereko chavo panguva yekusununguka, uye inobatsirawo kuyerera kwemukaka wemuzamu. Hormone iyi inonzi inokanganisawo hukama pakati pevabereki nevana.

Unoona, basa guru rinoitwa negland diki iri repituitary! Saka, kudzikira kwemahormone ese aya kunogona kukanganisa zvikuru.

Ndiani anonyanya kukanganiswa nedambudziko iri re panhypopituitarism?

Kutaura zvazviri, chirwere ichi chinonzi panhypopituitarism chinogona kuitika kune chero munhu, chero pazera ripi zvaro. Hapana muganho wezera kana chikamu chaicho.

Mamiriro ezvinhu aya akajairika zvakadii?

Ichi chirwere chisingawanzoitiki . Pasi rose, chirwere ichi chinoonekwa muvanhu vana chete pavanhu zana vezviuru pagore. Nokudaro, hazviwanzoitiki kuti munhu anzwe zvakawanda nezvacho.

Panhypopituitarism inogona kuisa upenyu panjodzi here?

Ehe, mune dzimwe nguva chirwere ichi chinogona kuisa hupenyu panjodzi. Kunyanya kana hormone yeadrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) yakaderera zvikuru, inogona kuva nengozi.

Chikonzero cheizvi ndechekuti kushomeka kweACTH kunogona kukonzera emergency inonzi adrenal crisis . Izvi zvinonziwo "acute cortisol insufficiency". ACTH ndiyo inodzora huwandu hwedu hwe cortisol. Saka kana ACTH yapera, cortisol haigadzirwe. Iyi adrenal crisis chirwere chinoda kurapwa nekukurumidza uye chinogona kutoisa hupenyu panjodzi.

Zviratidzo zvedambudziko readrenal zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kupindwa nechando
• Kushaya simba kwakanyanya
• Kuvhiringidzika (kusanzwisisika)
• Kuderera kweropa (hypotension)
• Kurova kwemoyo nekukurumidza (tachycardia)
• Kurutsa
• Manyoka
• Shuga shoma muropa (hypoglycemia)

Kana iwe kana mwana wako muine chimwe chezviratidzo izvi, enda kuchipatara chiri pedyo nekukasika kana kufonera 1990. Izvi zvinonetsa!

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvePanhypopituitarism?

Zviratidzo zvechirwere ichi zvinogona kusiyana zvikuru kubva pamunhu kuenda kumunhu, zvichienderana nekuti hormone yepituitary iri kushomeka zvakadii uye kuti chirwere ichi chinokura nekukurumidza kana kuti zvishoma nezvishoma sei.

Heano mamwe ezviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa muvana nevakuru:

• Kusvotwa kana dzungu
• Kuneta kwakanyanya
• Kuora mwoyo uye/kana kuzvidya mwoyo
• Kutapukirwa kakawanda
• Shuga shoma muropa (hypoglycemia)
• Kusakwanisa kutsungirira kutonhora
• Ganda rakaoma zvisingawanzoitiki
• Kuderedza huremu kana kuwedzera uremu pasina chikonzero
• Mafuta nemafuta eropa zvisina kurongeka uye cholesterol (dyslipidemia)
• Kurova kwemoyo nekukurumidza (tachycardia)
• Nyota zvakanyanya uye kuita weti kakawanda
• Kuenda kumwedzi kusingaenderani nevakadzi
• Kushaya mbereko kwevakadzi
• Kushaya mbereko kwevarume

Kune zvimwe zviratidzo zvinobata vana vacheche, vacheche, uye/kana vana vadiki:

• Jaundice yakareba muvana vachangoberekwa
• Nhengo diki yemurume (micropenis)
• Kukura zvishoma nezvishoma (hakusi kukura kwenguva refu)
• Kunonoka kuyaruka

Nekuti zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kufanana nezvimwe zvirwere, zvakakosha kuti uongororwe kana uine zviratidzo zvitsva kana zvinoramba zviripo zvakaita seizvi. Saka, tsvaga mazano kuna chiremba.

Ndezvipi zvinokonzera panhypopituitarism?

Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda zvinogona kukonzera chirwere ichi. Dzimwe nguva vanachiremba havakwanise kuwana chikonzero chaicho. Izvi zvinonzi idiopathic panhypopituitarism.

Kazhinji, chikonzero chikuru cheizvi ndechekuti hypothalamus yedu uye/kana pituitary gland zvakakuvara neimwe nzira, zvichiita kuti rimwe kana ese ari maviri asashande zvakanaka.

Kuti unzwisise zvikonzero izvi, unofanirwa kunzwisisa zvishoma mashandiro anoita hypothalamus yedu nepituitary gland.

Ukama hweHypothalamus-pituitary gland

Funga nezve hypothalamus yedu, pituitary gland, uye pituitary gland semukuru mukuru uye maneja wekambani hombe. Pamwe chete, izvi zviviri zvinoshanda senzvimbo huru yekudzora uropi hwedu (hypothalamus-pituitary complex), zvichidzora maitiro akakosha mumuviri.

Hypothalamus chikamu cheuropi hwedu chinoita mabasa akawanda emuviri. Inotumira mashoko kuhurongwa hwedu hwetsinga dzinozvitonga. Inoudzawo pituitary gland kuti "igadzire mahormone aya, iaburitse." Mahormone aya epituitary anokanganisa dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Gland repituitary rakabatana nehypothalamus nedzinde rine mitsipa yeropa netsinga dzinonzi ``dzinde repituitary.'' Kuburikidza nedzinde iri, hypothalamus inotaurirana nedzinde repituitary.

Hypothalamus inoburitsa mahormone akati wandei anokurudzira pituitary gland:

• Hormone inosunungura corticotropin
• Dopamine
• Hormone inosunungura gonadotropin
• Homoni inoburitsa mahormone ekukura
• Somatostatin
• Hormone inosunungura thyrotropin

Nekuti pituitary gland nehypothalamus zvinoshanda pamwe chete, kukuvara kwechimwe kunogona kukanganisa mashandiro emahormone echimwe. Iyi ndiyo hwaro hwekukura kwepanhypopituitarism.

Zvikonzero Zvinokonzerwa neGland rePituitary

Zvinhu zvinogona kukuvadza pituitary gland uye kukonzera panhypopituitarism zvinosanganisira:

• Matumbu epituitary (aya mabundu asiri ekenza)
• Kuvhiyiwa kwegland repituitary (kazhinji kubvisa ma adenomas aya)
• Kurapa nemwaranzi yepituitary adenoma
• Kuparara kamwe kamwe kwenyama yepituitary nekuda kwekusakwana kweropa rinoenda kugland repituitary kana kubuda ropa)
• Gland repituitary harina kukura zvakanaka kana kuti rinoumbwa zvisina kurongeka pakuzvarwa.

Zvikonzero zvine chekuita ne hypothalamus

Mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kukanganisa hypothalamus uye kukonzera panhypopituitarism anosanganisira:

• Kukuvara kwehuropi (TBI)
• Kuvhiyiwa kwehuropi kunoitwa pa hypothalamus kana pedyo nayo
• Mabundu asiri ekenza anokura mu hypothalamus (semuenzaniso craniopharyngiomas)
• Kenza yakapararira (yakapararira) kuenda ku hypothalamus kubva kune imwe nzvimbo mumuviri (semuenzaniso kenza yemapapu, yezamu)
• Hydrocephalus (kumanikidzwa kunokonzerwa nekuunganidzwa kwemvura muuropi)
• Kurohwa
• Meningitis ine hutachiona

Panhypopituitarism inoonekwa sei?

Kana uine zviratidzo zvechirwere ichi, chiremba wako anotanga akubvunza nezvezviratidzo zvako uye nhoroondo yezvekurapa kwako, uye ozoongorora muviri wako.

Zvadaro, bvunzo dzinodiwa dzinorayirwa kusimbisa mamiriro epanhypopituitarism uye kubvisa zvimwe zvirwere zvinogona kukonzera zviratidzo izvi.

Ndezvipi zviedzo zvekuongorora chirwere?

Vanachiremba vanowanzoita bvunzo dzinoverengeka kuti vaongorore chirwere ichi, kusanganisira bvunzo dzemifananidzo uye bvunzo dzemazinga emahormone.

Miedzo yemifananidzo

Panhypopituitarism inokonzerwa nekukuvara kwehypothalamus kana pituitary gland, uye bvunzo dzekufungidzira dzakadai dzinogona kuitwa kuti pave nechikonzero:

• Kuongororwa kweBrain MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Kuongororwa kweMRI kunoshandisa mafungu eredhiyo nesimba rakasimba remagineti kuti kubudise mifananidzo yakadzama yemukati memuviri. Kuongororwa kweMRI kunoonekwa senzira yakanakisa yekuwana bundu repituitary. Kunogona zvakare kubatsira kuona mamwe matambudziko ane hypothalamus kana pituitary gland.
• Kuongororwa kweuropi neCT (Computed Tomography): Kuongororwa kweCT kunoshandisa X-rays nekombiyuta kugadzira mifananidzo yakadzama yeuropi. Kuongororwa uku kunogona kushandiswa kutarisa bundu reuropi kana pituitary adenoma. Kunogonawo kubatsira kuona mamwe matambudziko ane hypothalamus kana pituitary gland.

Kuongororwa kwemahormone

Kana uine zviratidzo zvepanhypopituitarism, chiremba wako achafanirwa kuyera huwandu hwehormone yega yega inoburitswa nepituitary gland. Izvi zvichabatsira kuona kuti hormone yega yega yakaderera sei uye kubvisa zvimwe zvirwere.

Kunyange hazvo mamwe mahormone epituitary achiwanzovapo muropa redu padanho rakafanana, mamwe mahormone anochinja-chinja zvakanyanya mukati mezuva. Saka, kumwe kuyedzwa kwemahormone kunogona kuitwa sekuyedzwa kweropa kuri nyore, ukuwo kumwe kuchida kuyedzwa kwakakosha kwekukurudzirwa.

Kuongororwa kwemazinga ehomoni kunosanganisira:

• Kuongororwa kweropa: Kuongororwa kweropa kuri nyore kunogona kuyera mahormone epituitary akadai se thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), prolactin, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), uye luteinizing hormone (LH). Kunogonawo kuyera mamwe mahormone anokanganiswa nemahormone epituitary, akadai se thyroxine, estrogen, uye testosterone.
• Kuongororwa kwekukurudzira kweACTH:Izvi zvinoedza kuti adrenal glands ako anopindura sei ku adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Izvi zvinosanganisira kukupa jekiseni re ACTH rekugadzira uye kutora masampuli eropa nguva nenguva.
• Kuyedzwa kwekusimudzira kukura kwehomoni (GH): Pakuyedzwa uku, chiremba wako achakubaya mushonga. Mushonga uyu unowanzo kurudzira pituitary gland kuti ibudise kukura kwehomoni. Zvadaro, ropa rako richatorwa uye huwandu hweGH yako huchayerwa.
• Kuongororwa kwekushivirira insulin: Kuongororwa uku kunobatsira kuona kushomeka kwehomoni yekukura (GH) uye ACTH.

Panhypopituitarism inorapwa sei?

Kurapwa kwechirwere ichi kunosiyana kubva kumunhu kusvika kumunhu. Zvinoenderana nekuti huwandu hwehomoni yepituitary hwakaderera sei uye chikonzero chacho ndechei. Saka, hurongwa hwekurapa ndehwemunhu mumwe nemumwe. Chikwata chenyu chekurapa ndicho chichasarudza hurongwa hwekurapa hwakanakira imi.

Dzimwe nzira dzekurapa dzinowanzoshandiswa ndeidzi:

• Kurapa kwekutsiva mahormone: Chinangwa cheizvi ndechekudzorera mahormone epituitary akange apera kusvika padanho rakanaka. Vanhu vane panhypopituitarism vachada kurapwa kwekutsiva mahormone kwehupenyu hwavo hwese kunze kwekunge chikonzero chacho chagona kurapwa. Mimwe mishonga yekutsiva mahormone inotorwa semapiritsi, nepo mimwe ichipihwa sejekiseni.
• Kuvhiyiwa: Kana chirwere ichi chakakonzerwa negomarara remuuropi kana pituitary adenoma, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira kuvhiyiwa kuti gomarara ribviswe.
• Kurapa nemwaranzi: Kana chirwere ichi chakakonzerwa negomarara remuuropi kana pituitary adenoma, kurapwa nemwaranzi kunogona kukurudzirwa kurapa kana kuderedza gomarara racho.
• Corticosteroids: Ungangoda kutora mishonga yakawanda yecorticosteroids usati watanga uye/kana panguva yechiitiko chipi zvacho chinokonzera kushushikana kwemuviri kana kwepfungwa. Zvinokonzera kushushikana kwemuviri zvinosanganisira kurwara, hutachiona, uye kuvhiyiwa. Mishonga iyi yecorticosteroids inopihwa kutsiva mahormone eadrenal asingagadzirwe nekuda kwekushomeka kweACTH. Mahormone aya akakosha kana muviri uri pasi pekushushikana.

Panhypopituitarism inogona kurapwa zvizere here?

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, panhypopituitarism inogona kugadziriswa nekurapa chikonzero chayo (semuenzaniso, kubvisa pituitary adenoma yaidzvanya pituitary gland, kana gland risina kukuvara). Zvisinei, kazhinji , kushomeka kwemahormone kunokonzerwa nepanhypopituitarism kunoda kurapwa kweupenyu hwese.

Mamiriro ezvinhu aya anogona kudzivirirwa here?

Kazhinji, hapana nzira yekudzivirira panhypopituitarism. Zvisinei, kana uri panjodzi yechirwere ichi, kune nzira dzekuchiona nekukurumidza.

Kana wakambosangana nechimwe chezvinotevera, uri panjodzi yakakura yekubatwa nepanhypopituitarism:

• Kana wakambovhiyiwa uropi kana pituitary gland.
• Kana wakamborapwa nemwaranzi kuuropi uye/kana pituitary gland.
• Kana uropi hwabatwa netsaona (kukuvara kweuropi kwakakuvara).
• Kana uchirwara nehydrocephalus (kuunganidzwa kwemvura muuropi).

Kana uri panjodzi, chiremba wako anowanzo kurudzira kuti utarise mashandiro uye hutano hwegland rako repituitary uye/kana hypothalamus.

Chii chinonzi panhypopituitarism?

Maonero echirwere ichi, kureva kuti, zvichaitika sei murwere mune ramangwana, zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvakati wandei:

• Huwandu hwehomoni yega yega yepituitary hushoma.
• Zera rako apo chirwere chakatanga.
• Mamiriro ezvinhu aya achakura zvishoma nezvishoma here kana kuti nekukurumidza?
• Chirwere ichi chinogona kuonekwa nekukurumidza sei uye kurapwa kunotanga?

Panhypopituitarism yakawanikwa iine chekuita nekudzikira kwakanyanya kwehupenyu uye tarisiro yekurarama.

Vanhu vane chirwere ichi vanowanzova nenjodzi yakakura yekufutisa, kuderera kwehuremu hwemuviri, uye chirwere chemwoyo. Vanogonawo kuva nenjodzi yakakura yekuosteoporosis (kutetepa kwemapfupa) uye kutyoka kwemapfupa.

Zvisinei, kurapwa nekungwarira uye kwakakwana kwemishonga yekutsiva mahormone uye kunyatsotarisa njodzi dzemwoyo zvinogona kuvandudza mhedzisiro. Saka, zvakakosha kutevedzera mazano echiremba.

Unofanira kuona chiremba rini kana uine panhypopituitarism?

Kana uine zviratidzo zvepanhypopituitarism, kana kuti wakamboonekwa uine chirwere ichi, ungangoda kuona chiremba we endocrinologist, chiremba ane hunyanzvi mukurapa matambudziko ane chekuita nemahormone.

Uchafanira kuona chiremba wako we endocrinologist nguva nenguva muhupenyu hwako hwese kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti kurapa kwako kwekutsiva mahormone kuri kushanda nemazvo uye kudzivirira kutsiva mahormone zvakanyanya.

Zvakajairika kuti unzwe kutya kana wawana chirwere chitsva. Asi usatya kubvunza chiremba wako mibvunzo nezve panhypopituitarism. Sezvo ichiwanzoda kurapwa kwehupenyu hwese uye kuongororwa kwemahormone, zvakakosha kuona chiremba wako nguva dzose. Kana ukava nezviratidzo zvitsva kana zvinonetsa, zivisa chiremba wako nekukasika. Varipo kuti vakubatsire.

Zvinhu zvakakosha zvekurangarira (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Zvakanaka, ngatipfupisei zvimwe zvezvinhu zvaunofanira kurangarira kubva pane zvatataura nezvazvo:

• Panhypopituitarism chirwere chisingawanzoitiki asi chakakomba umo mahormone ese anogadzirwa negland repituitary anodzikira.
• Panogona kuva nezvikonzero zvakawanda zveizvi, kunyanya kukuvara kwegland repituitary kana hypothalamus.
• Zviratidzo zvinosiyana, uye dzimwe nguva kunyange zvirwere zvinotyisidzira hupenyu zvakaita sedambudziko readrenal zvinogona kuitika. Saka, tsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasika kana uine zviratidzo.
• Zvinhu zvakaita sekuongororwa kweropa uye MRI/CT scans zvinodiwa kuti chirwere chiongororwe nemazvo.
• Kurapa kunowanzosanganisira kurapwa kwekutsiva mahormone kwehupenyu hwese.
• Nekushanda pamwe chete nachiremba wako uye kuwana bvunzo dzakakodzera uye kurapwa, unogona kurarama nechirwere ichi zvinobudirira.

Ndinovimba ruzivo urwu ruchakubatsira. Yeuka, hausi wega, uye vanachiremba nevanoona nezveutano varipo kuti vakubatsire.

" Panhypopituitarism, pituitary gland, kushomeka kwemahormone, hypothalamus, kurapwa kwemahormone, bundu reuropi, ACTH"