Fungidzira kuti uri kufamba mumugwagwa wobva wangoerekana waona tsaona huru... Kune kutya kwese kwese... Vanhu vari kuchema... Panguva iyoyo, amburenzi inosvika yokuendesa nekukurumidza kuEmergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yechipatara. Ikoko, kune timu yevanachiremba vari kurwira kuponesa hupenyu hwako, wechipiri newechipiri. Mutungamiriri wechikwata ichocho, kureva kuti, munhu anoita sarudzo dzakakosha maererano nehupenyu hwako panguva iyoyo, ndiye 'Trauma Surgeon' watichataura nezvake.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, ndiani uyu chiremba weTrauma?
Muchidimbu, chiremba weTrauma inyanzvi inoita kuvhiyiwa kwekukurumidzira kurapa kukuvara kwakakomba, kunouraya mushure metsaona.
Kana ukaita tsaona yakakura, chiremba uyu achatungamira timu yese yezvekurapa ichakurapa muchipatara. Chikwata ichi chinogona kusanganisira vashandi vekurapa vanorwara zvakanyanya, vamwe vanachiremba vekuvhiya, uye vanamukoti. Chiremba wekukuvara kwetsaona ndiye anotungamira kutarisirwa kwako kwese mushure mekuvhiyiwa, achiona kuti zvese zviri kufamba zvakanaka. Dzimwe nguva vanachiremba ava vanonziwo 'acute care surgeons' kana kuti 'critical care surgeons'. Vese vanoreva chinhu chimwe chete.
Ndeapi maronda makuru anorapwa nachiremba weTrauma Surgeon?
Njodzi hadzisi zvinhu zvatinofunga nezvazvo. Gore rega rega, mazana ezviuru zvevanhu anokuvara uye vanopedzisira vapinda muzvipatara. Chiremba weTrauma Surgeon ane ruzivo rwakakura mukukuvara kwakasiyana-siyana. Ngatitarisei mhando dzekukuvara kwavanonyanya kurapa.
| Rudzi rweKukuvara | Izvozvo zvinorevei? | Mienzaniso kubva muhupenyu hwedu |
|---|---|---|
| Kukuvadzwa kweBlunt Force | Kukuvadzwa kwakanyanya kwenhengo dzemukati (dzakadai sechiropa, chirebvu, mapapu) kunokonzerwa nekurohwa kwakasimba, kunyangwe ganda risina kutyoka pamusoro. | - Tsaona yemotokari (bhasikoro, mota ine mavhiri matatu, tsaona yemotokari) - Kudonha kubva pakakwirira (muti, chivakwa) - Kurova kwakasimba kana kurova. |
| Kushungurudzika Kunopinda Mukati | Chinhu chakapinza chinocheka ganda uye chinopinda mumuviri, chichikuvadza nhengo dzemukati. | - Ronda rekubaiwa - Kupfurwa nepfuti - Baya chimwe chinhu chakaita setsvimbo yesimbi yakapinza - Kuwira pane chimwe chinhu chakapinza. |
| Kukuvara Kwekutsva | Kukuvadzwa kwakanyanya kweganda nenyama dziri pasi kunokonzerwa nemoto, kupisa kwakanyanya, kana makemikari. | - Kutsva nemoto, mvura inopisa kana mafuta - Kusangana nekemikari yakaita seasidhi - Kubatwa nechando chakanyanya (chando chakagwamba) |
| Kumwe Kuvhiya Kwekukurumidza (Kuvhiya Kwekukurumidza) | Zvimwe zvirwere zvinouraya zvinogona kuitika pasina njodzi, asi zvinongoerekana zvaonekwa. | - Kuvharika kwematumbu - Utachiona hwakanyanya hunopararira mumuviri wese (Sepsis) - Kutadza kufema zvakanaka - Kutadza kushanda zvakanaka kwenhengo dzemuviri uri muchipatara |
Ndeapi maoparesheni anowanzoitwa navanachiremba ava?
Chiremba weTrauma haashande ega. Vanowanzo shanda nevamwe nyanzvi kuponesa hupenyu. Heano mamwe emabasa avanoita:
- Kuvhiyiwa kweEmergency Thoracostomy: Izvi zvinosanganisira kuisa chubhu muchipfuva. Fungidzira kuti chipfuva chako chazara neropa kana kuti mapapu ako adonha nekuda kwetsaona. Haugone kufema, uye hupenyu hwako huri panjodzi. Chubhu iyi inoiswa kuti ibudise ropa kana mweya.
- Kuvhiyiwa kweEmergency Thoracotomy: Ichi chinhu chakatokura. Kuvhiyiwa kukuru kunoitwa nekuvhura chipfuva senzira yekupedzisira kuponesa hupenyu kana moyo wava kuda kumira nekuda kwekukuvara kwechipfuva.
- Kuvhiyiwa kweEmergency Laparotomy: Izvi zvinosanganisira kugadzira kucheka kukuru pakati pedumbu kuti uongorore uye ugadzirise chero kukuvara kwenhengo dziri mukati medumbu (dzakadai seura, chiropa, nedumbu). Izvi zvinogona kutoitwa muzviitiko zvakaita sekuvhiyiwa kwe emergency appendicitis.
- Kubuda ropa zvakanyanya uye kudzora maronda:Basa ravo guru nderekumisa kubuda ropa zvakanyanya, kuchenesa ronda, uye kugadzirisa mitsipa yeropa nematishu akakuvara kana ronda rikabayiwa kana kupfurwa.
- Kushanda nedzimwe nyanzvi:
- Kana paine kukuvara kweuropi kana musana, vanoshanda nevanovhiya neurosurgeon.
- Kana mapfupa akatyoka, vanoshanda navanachiremba vemapfupa kuti varape.
Hapana mumwe wedu anotarisira tsaona. Asi kana imwe ikaitika, mumaminitsi iwayo akakosha pakati pehupenyu nerufu, Chiremba weTrauma ndiye mutungamiri anorwira kuponesa hupenyu hwako.
Musiyano uripo pakati peChiremba weTrauma neChiremba Mukuru weChiremba?
Uyu mubvunzo une vanhu vazhinji. Mhinduro yacho iri nyore kwazvo.
Chiremba weTrauma wese ndiye Chiremba Mukuru. Kureva kuti, vakapedza kudzidziswa kwekutanga mukuvhiya kwakajairika, kwakadai sekuvhiya dumbu uye kusungirira maronda.
Zvisinei, chiremba weTrauma Surgeon anotoenderera mberi uye anodzidziswa kwegore rimwe kana maviri (chirongwa chekudyidzana) mukurapa varwere vakakomba uye vanokuvara zvakanyanya . Munguva yekudzidziswa uku, vanodzidza maitiro ekuita sarudzo nekukurumidza uye kugadzirisa kukuvara kwakaoma mumamiriro ezvinhu akafanana anotyisidzira hupenyu, vari pasi pekumanikidzwa.
Kungofanana nachiremba anova chiremba wevana, chiremba anova chiremba wekukuvara.
Chii chakasiyana pakati peTrauma Center nechipatara chenguva dzose?
Nzvimbo yekurapa vanhu vane tsaona (trauma center) chipatara kana kuti chipatara chakakosha chakagadzirirwa kurapa varwere vakakuvara zvakanyanya. Musiyano mukuru pano kubva kuchipatara chenguva dzose kugadzirira .
Nzvimbo yeTrauma ine timu yenyanzvi dzinoshanda maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva, mazuva manomwe pasvondo , dzakagadzirira kubata chero dambudziko. Izvi zvinoreva kuti Chiremba weTrauma, Chiremba weAnesthetist, vanamukoti vakadzidziswa basa, uye michina yese inodiwa (CT scanners, blood banks, rooms operating rooms) zvakagadzirira kushandiswa chero nguva.
MuSri Lanka, zvipatara zvikuru zvakaita seNational Hospital muColombo, Kandy, neKarapitiya zvine mabasa epamusoro ekurapa vanhu vane kukuvara. Kana ukaendeswa kunzvimbo ine nzvimbo dzakadaro kana tsaona ikaitika, pane mukana mukuru wekuti uchawana kurapwa kwakanakisisa kwaunoda nekukurumidza.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Chiremba weTrauma inyanzvi yekuvhiya inorapa njodzi dzinoisa hupenyu pangozi dzakadai setsaona dzemotokari, kudonha, maronda ekubaiwa nebanga, uye kupiswa.
- Kana ukaendeswa kuEmergency Treatment Unit (ETU), mutungamiriri wechikwata chekurapa anokurapa kazhinji ndiye chiremba weTrauma Surgeon.
- Chiremba weTrauma wese anotanga ari Chiremba Mukuru, uye ozodzidziswa zvakanyanya mukurapa kwekukurumidzira uye kwakanyanya.
- Vanoshanda pamwe chete nedzimwe nyanzvi mukurapa kukuvara kweuropi, mapfupa, kana kumwe kukuvara kwakananga.
- Nzvimbo yeTrauma chipatara chakagadzirirwa kurapa kukuvara kwakakomba maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva, zvichiwedzera mikana yekuponesa hupenyu hwako.
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