Zvakajairika kuti munhu wese atye zvishoma paanonzwa izwi rekuti kenza yemazamu. Asi chinhu chakakosha chatinofanira kuziva ndechekuti hadzisi dzese kenza dzemazamu dzakafanana. Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzadzo. Nhasi tichataura nezverudzi rusingawanzoitiki uye runoda kutariswa zvakanyanya panguva yekurapwa. Tinodana iyi kuti 'Triple-Negative Breast Cancer' (TNBC muchidimbu). Kunzwa zita iri kunganzwika sekunge kwakaoma kwauri, asi usatya. Tichataura nezvazvo zviri nyore, nenzira yaunogona kunzwisisa.
Sei izvi zvichinzi 'Triple-Negative'?
Zvakanaka, ngatitangei nezvinorehwa nezita iri. Kuti tinzwisise izvi, tinofanira kuva nepfungwa yekuti masero ekenza yemazamu anoshanda sei.
Fungidzira kuti masero ari mumuviri wedu akafanana nemagonhi. Magonhi iwayo ane makiyi ane makiyi. Mukurapa, tinodana makiyi aya kuti 'mareceptor'. Kana makiyi anoenderana nemareceptor aya auya obatana, masero iwayo anogamuchira mamwe mashoko.
Kune mhando nhatu dzemareceptor anonyanya kukosha mukenza yemazamu.
1. Estrogen Receptors (ER): Izvi zvine chekuita nehormone yevakadzi inonzi estrogen.
2. Progesterone Receptors (PR): Izvi zvine chekuita nerimwe hormone rechikadzi rinonzi progesterone.
3. HER2 Receptors: Iyi ireceptor inosunga puroteni inonzi HER2. Puroteni iyi inodzora kukura kwemasero emazamu.
Mumhando dzakawanda dzegomarara remazamu, rimwe, maviri, kana ese matatu emareceptor aya anonyanya kubudiswa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mahormone nemapuroteni aya anobatsira masero egomarara kukura. Zvakafanana nekuwedzera mafuta mumoto. Saka kana vanachiremba vachirapa magomarara aya, vanonanga mareceptor aya voapa mishonga inoavhara (targeted therapy). Mishonga iyi inovhara 'makiyi' iwayo. Ipapo masero egomarara haawani mashoko aanoda kuti akure.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, 'triple-negative' zvinoreva kuti masero egomarara aya haana mareceptor matatu ataurwa pamusoro apa (estrogen, progesterone, uye HER2) . 'Negative' zvinoreva 'kwete'. 'Triple-negative' nekuti haina ese matatu.
Zvino pamwe wava kunzwisisa kuti dambudziko riri papi? Mishonga inowanzo shandiswa kurwisa mareceptor haishande kune rudzi urwu rwekenza. Nekuti hapana mareceptor ekurwisa. Iri ndiro dambudziko guru nekenza yeTNBC. Asi izvozvo hazvirevi kuti haigoni kurapwa. Kune mimwe mishonga inoshanda yeizvi, uye tichazotaura nezvazvo gare gare.
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvegomarara iri?
Zviratidzo zvegomarara remazamu rine triple-negative zvakafanana zvikuru nezvemamwe magomarara emazamu. Kana ukaona chimwe chinhu chisina kujairika mumazamu ako, zvakakosha kuti unyatsoteerera.
Kana uine chimwe chezviratidzo zvinotevera kana kupfuura, ndapota usavhunduka wobva waona chiremba nekukurumidza. Kuva nezviratidzo izvi hazvirevi kuti ikenza, asi kuchenjera kuti unoongororwa.
| Chiratidzo | Tsananguro iri nyore |
|---|---|
| Bundu idzva kana kuti gobvu riri muzamu | Chimwe chinhu chakaita sebundu risati rambovapo, rakabatwa muruoko. |
| Kurwadziwa kwemazamu kana mazamu | Kurwadziwa kunowanzoitika, kusingatsananguriki. |
| Kuchinja kweganda rezamu | Kutsvuka, kukora, kana kuoma kweganda, zvakafanana neganda reorenji. |
| Kuchinja kwemunyatso | Zamu remuzamu raimbova rakajairwa rinonyura mukati. |
| Kubuda kwemunyatso | Ropa kana chimwe chinhu chinobuda muzamu kana usiri amai vanoyamwisa. |
| Kuzvimba kwemazamu | Kuzvimba kwezamu, kungave zvachose kana kuti chikamu charo. |
| Mapundu muhapwa kana pedyo nepaburi remutsipa | Mapundu anokonzerwa nekuzvimba kwema lymph nodes. |
Yeukai kuti kuongororwa kwemazamu nguva dzose kunogona kuona kenza usati waona zviratidzo. Saka, zvakakosha kuti uongororwe zera rako nenguva.
Ndezvipi zvikonzero uye zvinhu zvinokonzera gomarara iri?
Vaongorori havasati vawana chikonzero chaicho chegomarara iri, asi vakaona kuti pane hukama hwakasimba pakati paro nemajini.
Zvikuru sei, pane hukama hwakasimba pakati pekuchinja kwemajini eBRCA1 neBRCA2 neTNBC. Kazhinji, majini aya eBRCA ane basa rekudzora kukura kwegomarara mumiviri yedu. Sezvakaita mabhureki emota. Kana paine chikanganiso kana shanduko mumajini aya, kugona kudzora gomarara kunorasika. Tinogona kugara nhaka kuchinja kwemajini aya kubva kuvabereki vedu.
Kunze kweizvi, kune zvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda zvinowedzera njodzi yekubatwa negomarara reTNBC.
| Chinhu chine njodzi | Tsananguro |
|---|---|
| Zera | Inonyanya kuitika kuvakadzi vechidiki vari pasi pemakore makumi mana. (Asi inogona kukura chero pazera ripi zvaro.) |
| Kuchinja kwemajini eBRCA | Njodzi yacho yakanyanya kukwira kana shanduko yemajini eBRCA1 ikagara nhaka. |
| Rudzi/dzinza | Sekureva kweongororo yakaitwa pasi rose, gomarara iri rinonyanya kuwanikwa pakati pevakadzi vane dzinza reAfrica kana reHispanic. |
Chiremba anoongorora sei izvi?
Paunoenda kunoona chiremba nezvebundu repazamu, iye achatanga aongorora mazamu ako. Zvadaro, vachakubvunza nezvezviratidzo zvako. Pamusoro pezvo, vachakuraira bvunzo dzinoverengeka kuti vasimbise chirwere chacho.
- Mammogram: Kuongororwa kwezamu neX-ray.
- Ultrasound yezamu: Nzira inoshandisa mafungu eruzha kutora mifananidzo yenyama dziri mukati mezamu.
- MRI yezamu: Nzira inoshandisa simba remagineti nemasaisai eredhiyo kuti ibudise mifananidzo yakajeka uye ine ruzivo rwakadzama.
Kana ma scan aya achiratidza kenza, bvunzo inotevera inonyanya kukosha ndeye biopsy . Izvi zvinosanganisira kutora chidimbu chidiki chenyama kubva mubundu rinofungidzirwa uchishandisa tsono diki wochiongorora pasi pemaikorosikopu.
Kuongororwa kweropa (biopsy) ndiyo chete nzira yekuziva 100% kana iri gomarara kana kwete. Zvakare, nzira chete yekuziva zvechokwadi kana iri TNBC ndeyekuongorora chidimbu ichi chenyama uye kuona kana chine mareceptor matatu atakataura nezvawo (ER, PR, HER2).
Pamusoro pezvo, chiremba wako anogonawo kukutumira kunoongororwa majini kuti aone kana paine shanduko dzemajini, dzakadai seBRCA. Ruzivo urwu rwese runoshandiswa kuona danho regomarara rako uye kugadzira hurongwa hwakakodzera hwekurapa iwe.
Ndezvipi zvinorapwa izvi?
Kunyangwe paine matambudziko mukurapa gomarara reTNBC, ikozvino kune nzira dzakawanda dzekurapa dzinoshanda zvikuru dziripo. Chiremba wegomarara rako achakurudzira nzira yakanakisisa yekurapa zvichienderana nemamiriro ako ezvinhu.
Kurapa kukuru kubvisa bundu regomarara kuburikidza nekuvhiyiwa. Pamusoro pezvo, imwe kana kupfuura yemishonga inotevera inogona kushandiswa pamwe chete.
- Kurapa nemakemikari: Iyi ndeimwe yenzira huru uye inoshanda zvikuru yekurapa TNBC. Kurapa nemakemikari kunoitwa vasati vavhiyiwa kuderedza bundu (neoadjuvant chemotherapy) uye mushure mekuvhiyiwa kuuraya chero masero ekenza asara uye kudzivirira chirwere kuti chisadzoke (adjuvant chemotherapy).
- Kurapa Nemwaranzi: Mushure mekuvhiyiwa, mwaranzi ine simba guru inonangidzirwa kunzvimbo yaive nekenza kuti iparadze masero ekenza asara.
- Kurapa nekudzivirira muviri: Uku kurapa kutsva. Kunoshanda nekukurudzira masoja emuviri wedu kuti aone uye arwise masero egomarara. Kune vamwe varwere veTNBC, kurapwa uku kunogona kupihwa pamwe chete nechemotherapy kuti vawane mhedzisiro yakanaka kwazvo.
- Kurapa Kwakatarwa: Kune varwere veTNBC vane BRCA gene mutations, mishonga chaiyo yakaita sePARP inhibitors inoshandiswa. Iyi inoshanda nekuvhiringidza kugona kwemasero ekenza kuzvigadzirisa.
Pari zvino kune miedzo yakawanda yekiriniki iri kuitwa pasi rose yeTNBC. Mishonga mitsva nemishonga mitsva iri kuwanikwa nguva dzose. Nokudaro, tinogona kuva netariro yakanaka yeramangwana rechirwere ichi.
Zvinhu zvekufunga nezvazvo mushure mekurapwa
Mushure mekuvhiyiwa kana kumwe kurapwa, dzimwe nguva matambudziko anogona kuitika. Semuenzaniso, ronda rekuvhiyiwa rinogona kutapukirwa kana kuti ropa rinogona kuungana. Saka, kana ukaona chimwe chezviratidzo zvinotevera, taura nachiremba wako nekukasika.
| Nguva yekutsvaga mazano ekurapa nekukasika | |
|---|---|
| Zviratidzo zvehutachiona |
|
| Zviratidzo zvekugwamba kweropa | Kuzvimba kunorwadza kwegumbo, kuoma kufema. |
| Migumisiro yakawandisa | Kana migumisiro yekurapwa (semuenzaniso kurutsa, manyoka) yakanyanya kuoma. |
Zvinhu zvaunogona kuita kuti urambe uine hutano hwakanaka panguva yekurapwa
Kurapwa kwegomarara chiitiko chinoshungurudza zvikuru, mumuviri nemupfungwa. Pane zvinhu zvishoma zvinogona kukubatsira kuti unzwe wakasununguka munguva iyi.
- Kurovedza muviri zvishoma: Mabasa akareruka akadai sekufamba netsoka uye yoga anogona kubatsira kuderedza kushushikana uye kupawo muviri wako simba rakanaka.
- Kudya kwakanaka: Idya chikafu chinovaka muviri chinosanganisira mapuroteni asina mafuta akawanda (hove, huku), michero, miriwo, nyemba, uye zviyo zvese (mupunga webrown, oatmeal). Inwa mvura yakawanda.
- Kuchengetedza huremu hwakanaka: Tsvagiridzo yakaratidza kuti kuchengetedza huremu hwakanaka hwakakodzera iwe rutsigiro rwakanaka pakurapwa.
- Rutsigiro rwepfungwa:Taura nemhuri yako neshamwari dzepedyo nezvemanzwiro ako, zvaunotya, uye zvinokunetsa. Kana zvichidikanwa, tsvaga rubatsiro kubva kune anopa mazano ehutano hwepfungwa.
Kana migumisiro yekurapwa yakanyanya kuipa, usanyara kutaura nechikwata chevanachiremba nezvazvo. Vakazvipira kukutsigira munguva ino yakaoma.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Kenza yemazamu ine katatu (TNBC) imhando chaiyo yekenza yemazamu isina mareceptor matatu ese: estrogen, progesterone, uye HER2.
- Saka, kurapwa kwemahormone kwakajairika uye kurapwa kwakanangana neHER2 hazvishande pane izvi.
- Kana ukaona shanduko dzisiri dzenguva dzose pazamu rako (bundu, kurwadziwa, shanduko yeganda), usavhunduke wobva waona chiremba nekukasika. Kana zvikaonekwa nekukurumidza, kurapwa kwacho kunobudirira zvikuru.
- Kune nzira dzakawanda dzekurapa dzinoshanda dzeizvi, dzinosanganisira chemotherapy, kuvhiyiwa, radiation therapy, uye nzira dzemazuva ano dzekurapa dzakadai se immunotherapy.
- Kunyangwe ichi chirwere chakaoma, nekufambira mberi kwemishonga yemazuva ano, mishonga mitsva iri kuwanikwa nguva dzose. Saka usarasa tariro.
- Vimba nechikwata chako chekurapa, pindura mibvunzo yavo nekuvimbika, uye vabvunze nezvezvinokunetsa. Hausi wega uri parwendo urwu.
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