Uri kunetseka zvishoma nezve majini emwana wako here? Ngatitaure nezveTrisomy!

Ungave wakambonzwa izwi rekuti "Trisomy" kana kuti chiremba wako angangove akaritaura. Zvakajairika kuti unzwe kutya uye kuda kuziva kana ukanzwa izvi. Chii chinonzi trisomy? Sei zvichiitika? Zvichakanganisa sei mwana? Ngatitaurei nezvazvo nenzira iri nyore yaunogona kunzwisisa.

Chii chinonzi Trisomy? Nemashoko akareruka...

Fungidzira kuti muviri wedu wakaumbwa nemamiriyoni emasero madiki. Mukati mesero rega rega, mune nzvimbo yakaita senzvimbo yekudzora yesero iroro, yatinoti nucleus . Mukati mesero iroro mune zvinhu zvinonzi `Chromosomes` . Izvi zvakafanana nemabhuku. Zvese zvine chekuita nemuviri wedu, hunhu hwese hunotisiyanisa nevamwe (sekureba, ruvara, ruvara rwebvudzi, ruvara rwemaziso) zvakanyorwa mumabhuku aya anonzi machromosome. Ruzivo urwu ndirwo rwatinoti `DNA` .

Kazhinji, sero rega rega riri mumunhu ane hutano rine ma chromosomes makumi maviri nematatu. Izvi zvinoreva ma chromosomes makumi mana nematanhatu. Hafu yeaya, makumi maviri nematatu, anobva kuna amai vedu, uye imwe hafu, makumi maviri nematatu, anobva kuna baba vedu.

Zvino, hezvino zvinorehwa netrisomy : Dzimwe nguva, pamusoro peimwe yemachromosome pairs iwayo, imwe chromosome inowedzerwa. Ipapo huwandu hwemachromosomes hunova 47 panzvimbo pe46. "Tri" zvinoreva zvitatu, uye "somy" zvinoreva chimwe chinhu chakafanana nemuviri. Saka, trisomy kungova nemachromosomes matatu panofanira kunge paine maviri.

Kunyangwe mwana ane chromosome iyi yekuwedzera achigona kuzvarwa kwenguva yakazara, dzimwe nguva inogona kukonzera kupfupfudzika kwepamuviri mumwedzi mitatu yekutanga yekuzvitakura.

Ndeapi marudzi makuru etrisomy?

Vanachiremba vanoongorora chirwere ichi chetrisomy zvichibva pakuti chromosome yekuwedzera iri pairi yei. Nekuti chromosome yega yega ine basa rayo mumuviri wedu, mamiriro emuviri wemwana anosiyana zvichienderana nekuti chromosome yekuwedzera inowedzerwa kupi.

Zvirwere zve trisomy zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeizvi:

• Trisomy 21 : Iri ndiro dambudziko ratinozivikanwa tese seDown syndrome . Pane imwe chromosome yakawedzerwa muchikamu chechipiri chechromosome.
• Trisomy 18 : Iyi inonziwo Edward syndrome .
• Trisomy 13 : Iyi inonzi Patau syndrome .

Saizvozvowo, peya yechi23 yemachromosomes mumajini edu ndiyo inosarudza bonde redu. Aya anonzi `XX` kumukadzi uye `XY` kumurume. Kana masero akapatsanuka, kusarongeka mumachromosomes aya ebonde kunogona kuitikawo, zvichikonzera trisomies. Mienzaniso yeizvi ndeiyi:

• Trisomy X (`Trisomy X` kana `XXX`)
• Chirwere cheKlinefelter (`Klinefelter syndrome` kana `XXY`)
• Chirwere chaJacob (`chirwere chaJacob` kana `XYY`)

Ndiani angangonyanya kukanganiswa nechirwere ichi chetrisomy?

Kutaura zvazviri, trisomy inogona kuitika chero padanho repamuviri. Zvisinei, zvakaonekwa kuti njodzi yacho yakanyanya kana vakadzi vane makore anopfuura 35 vachibata pamuviri . Zvisinei, zvinoshamisa kuti vana vazhinji vanoberekwa netrisomy vanozvarwa nevabereki vari pasi pemakore 35. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti, maererano nehuwandu, vana vakawanda vanozvarwa nevanhu vari pasi pemakore 35.

Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha: Trisomy haisi chinhu chinoitika nekuda kwemhosva yaamai kana baba. Ishanduko yemajini inoitika netsaona.

Trisomy yakajairika zvakadii?

Rudzi rwe trisomy rwakajairika i trisomy 21, kana kuti Down syndrome. Semuenzaniso, muUnited States chete, vana vanosvika 6,000 vanoberekwa vaine Down syndrome gore rega rega. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mumwe chete pavana 700 vega vega anoberekwa.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zve trisomy panguva yekuzvitakura?

Panguva yekuongororwa kweultrasound kwepamuviri wako, chiremba wako achatsvaga zviratidzo zve trisomy. Zvimwe zvezviratidzo zvinosanganisira:

• Huwandu hwemvura yakakomberedza mwana (amniotic fluid) hushoma kwazvo.
• Rukuvhute rwemwana rune tsinga imwe chete panzvimbo pehuwandu hwetsinga dzakajairika.
• Placenta diki pane yakajairika.
• Kufamba kwemwana (kugwinha) kunoita sekunge kushoma.
• Mwana wacho anotaridzika mudiki pane zera rake chairo.
• Zvimwe zvirwere zvemuviri, semuenzaniso, mamwe matambudziko emwoyo kana mukanwa wakatsemuka.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvechirwere mushure mekuzvarwa kwemwana?

Zviratidzo zvingaonekwa nemwana zvinogona kusiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwetrisomy. Zvimwe zviratidzo zvakajairika zvinosanganisira:

• Kuva mupfupi pane zvakajairika (murefu mupfupi).
• Chiso chakatenderera nechiso chakati sandara.
• Kutarisa kwakatsveyama pamaziso.
• Mukanwa wakaoma.
• Kusashanda zvakanaka kwenhengo dzemukati (dzakadai semwoyo, mapapu, itsvo) kana matambudziko nekushanda kwadzo.
• Kunonoka kukura uye kuremara kwepfungwa.

Sei trisomy iyi ichiitika? Tsananguro yesainzi zvikuru...

Ma chromosomes ari mumiviri yedu akagadzirwa nenzira chaiyo. Kurongeka uku kwemasero kwakafanana ne "purani" yekuti tiri vanaani. Kana masero enhengo dzekubereka agadzirwa (mbeu muvarume, mazai muvakadzi), anotanga nesero rimwe chete rakaberekeswa. Sero iri rinozopinda muchirongwa chinonzi meiosis . Apa ndipo apo sero rimwe rinopatsanurana kaviri, richigadzira masero mana. Sero idzva rega rega rine hafu yehuwandu hweDNA musero rekutanga, kana kuti ma chromosomes makumi maviri nematatu.

Iyi ndiyo nzira yekupatsanurwa kwemasero (meiosis)., Dzimwe nguva masero anogona kupatsanurana zvisiri izvo. Kana izvozvo zvikaitika, imwe kopi yesero inouya yobatanidza machromosome maviri. Kazhinji, panofanira kunge paine machromosome maviri mupeya imwe neimwe. Asi pano, chromosome yechitatu inoumba uye inosanganisa peya iyoyo. Izvozvo zvinonzi trisomy.

Trisomy inoitika panguva yekusangana kwemwana . Ichi chiitiko chisingatarisirwi, chisingakonzerwi nechero chii chakaitwa naamai panguva yekuzvitakura. Zvisinei, sezvambotaurwa, njodzi yacho yakakura zvishoma kune avo vanobata pamuviri mushure memakore makumi matatu nemashanu.

Trisomy inoonekwa sei?

Kuongororwa kwemajini panguva yekuzvitakura kunogona kupa zviratidzo zvekuvapo kwetrisomy. Mushure mekunge mwana aberekwa, chirwere chacho chinosimbiswa nekuongororwa kwemuviri uye kumwe kuongororwa kwemajini echromosome uchishandisa ropa remwana.

Ndezvipi zvidzidzo zvinoshandiswa kuongorora trisomy?

Munguva yekuzvitakura, chiremba wako angangoda kuti amai vako vakutore ropa uye vakutore scan. Sezvambotaurwa, scan ichatsvaga zvinhu zvakaita semvura yakawandisa yakakomberedza mwana, kusununguka kwemuviri , uye kureba kwemakumbo emwana. Izvi zvinogona kuva zviratidzo zvechirwere chemajini.

Mushure mebvunzo idzi dzekutanga, kune mimwe miedzo chaiyo yekusimbisa chirwere ichi:

• Kuongororwa kweChorionic villus sampling (CVS): Pakati pemavhiki gumi kusvika gumi nematatu ekuzvitakura, sampuli diki yemasero inotorwa kubva muplacenta kuti iongororwe mamiriro emumajini uye bonde remwana.
• Amniocentesis: Pakati pemavhiki gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi maviri epamuviri, mvura yeamniotic yakakomberedza mwana inotorwa kuti iongororwe kana paine matambudziko ehutano.
• Kuongororwa kweropa remwana kubva mudumbu remwana (PUBS): Ropa diki rinotorwa kubva mudumbu remwana kuti rionekwe hutano hwemwana.
• Kuongororwa kwemwana asati aberekwa (NON-invasive prenatal testing - NIPT): Mushure memavhiki gumi ekuzvitakura, ropa raamai rinoongororwa kuti vaone kana mwana asina zvirwere zvemajini.

Matanho e trisomy anorapwa sei?

Trisomy chirwere chinogara kwenguva refu. Saka, kurapwa kwenguva refu kunodiwa kuti uderedze zviratidzo zvine chekuita nechirwere ichi. Kurapa kwevana vanoberekwa netrisomy kunosanganisira:

• Kuvhiyiwa kugadzirisa matambudziko emuviri.
• Kupa rutsigiro rwedzidzo .
• Kurapa kwekutaura, maitiro uye kurovedza muviri .
• Mishonga yekudzora zviratidzo zvezvimwe zvirwere zvinogona kuitika nekufamba kwenguva.

Pane nzira yekuderedza njodzi ye trisomy here?

Kutaura zvazviri, zvirwere zvemajini zvakaita setrisomy hazvigone kudzivirirwa. Nekuti dambudziko remachromosome rinoitika zvisina tsarukano panguva yekupatsanurwa kwemasero, unogona kuderedza njodzi yako yekuva nemwana ane chirwere chemajini nekuita zvinotevera:

• Kunzwisisa njodzi dzekubata pamuviri kana wapfuura makore makumi matatu nemashanu.
• Kuongororwa kwemajini usati wabata pamuviri.
• Kudzivisa kushandisa fodya nedoro.
• Chengetedza hutano hwako nekudya chikafu chakakwana uye kurovedza muviri nguva dzose.

Trisomy iyi ichaita sei kumwana wangu?

Nekuti chromosome yakawedzerwa inochinja "purani" yemwana, inogona kukonzera zvikanganiso zvekuzvarwa nazvo ( senge zvimiro zvakasiyana zvechiso) uye kuremara kwepfungwa. Vana vazhinji vanoberekwa vaine trisomy 12 vanozove nezvimwe zvinetso zvehutano (senge zvirwere zvenzeve, chirwere chemwoyo, uye sleep apnea) mushure mekunge chirwere ichi chaonekwa. Zvisinei, nekurapwa kwakakodzera, mwana wako anogona kurarama hupenyu hunofadza uye hunogutsa .

Zvisinei, vacheche vanozvarwa vaine zvirwere zvakaita seTrisomy 18 kana Trisomy 13 vane mukana mudiki wekurarama mushure memavhiki mashoma ekutanga ehupenyu (nguva yekuzvarwa) nekuda kwekuoma kwechirwere ichi (kunyanya kunonoka kana kusarongeka kwekukura kwenhengo dzemuviri). Chiremba wako achaongorora hutano hwemwana wako uye achakupa kurapwa kuti awedzere mikana yekurarama kwevana vanozvarwa vane zvirwere izvi.

Ndinofanira kuona chiremba rini?

Imwe mhedzisiro ye trisomy injodzi yekubvisa pamuviri . Izvi zvinowanzoitika mumwedzi mitatu yekutanga yekuzvitakura. Kana uine chimwe chezviratidzo zvekubvisa pamuviri (zvakanyorwa pazasi), enda kuna chiremba wako nekukasika:

• Kurwadziwa kwemudumbu, kurwadziwa kwemudumbu.
• Kurwadziwa kwemusana wepazasi.
• Kurwadziwa kwemudumbu.
• Kubuda ropa zvishoma kana kuti zvakanyanya.
• Kurwara nedzihwa uye kubatwa nefivha.

Ndeipi mibvunzo inokosha yekubvunza chiremba?

Kana muine mimwe mibvunzo nezvenyaya iyi, musatya kubvunza chiremba wenyu. Heano mimwe mibvunzo yamunogona kubvunza:

• Ndingaderedza sei njodzi yekuva nemwana ane chirwere chemajini chakadai se trisomy?
• Ndezvipi zviedzo zvepamuviri zvamunokurudzira kuti musimbise kana mwana wangu ane chirwere chemajini?
• Ndingakwanisa here kubata pamuviri zvinobudirira mushure mekuonekwa kuti ndine trisomy?

Chii chiri musiyano uripo pakati peTrisomy neMonosomy?

Zvese izvi zvirwere zvemajini.

• Trisomy kuvapo kwekopi ye chromosome yakawedzerwa.
• Monosomy kusavapo kwekopi imwe chete yechromosome (kureva, kurasikirwa kwechromosome imwe chete).

Matambudziko ese ari maviri emajini anoitika nekuda kwekuchinja kwemajini kunoitika panguva yekupatsanurwa kwemasero. Kusarongeka uku hakugone kudzivirirwa kuti kuitike panguva yekupatsanurwa kwemasero.

Zvekurangarira kubva pane zvatakurukura (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Sezvo pasina nzira yekudzivirira kusakwana kwemajini setrisomy, kana uchironga kubata pamuviri, taura nachiremba wako nezvekuongororwa kwemajini kuti uone njodzi yako yekuva nemwana ane chirwere chemajini.

Kana ukaonekwa uine chirwere chetrisomy uri nepamuviri, usavhunduka. Kune rutsigiro rwakawanda nezvinhu zviripo kuti zvikubatsire iwe nemwana wako kurarama hupenyu hune hutano uye hunogutsa. Kupa mazano ezvemajini kunogona kukubatsira kunzwisisa mamiriro emwana wako uye kupa rubatsiro rwaanoda sezvaanokura. Yeuka, hausi wega.

Trisomy , ma chromosomes, majini, Down syndrome, pamuviri, kuongororwa kwemajini, Patau syndrome, Edward syndrome