Haddii aad tahay qof muraayadaha indhaha xirta, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad ka fikirto wax ka badan lambarrada ku qoran warqaddaada. Waxaa sidoo kale jira wax si la mid ah muhiim u ah, laakiin laga yaabee in aan si fiican loo aqoon, oo laga yaabo inaadan maqlin. Taasi waa cabbirka loo yaqaan Masaafada Pupillary, ama 'PD' marka la soo gaabiyo. Aan eegno waxa uu yahay, sababta ay muhiim u tahay, iyo sida guriga loogu cabbiro.
Si fudud haddii loo dhigo, waa maxay Kala-fogaanshaha Ardayga (PD)?
Masaafada Ardayda (PD) waa masaafada u dhaxaysa bartanka labada giraan ee madow (ardayda) ee indhahaaga ku jira. Waxaa lagu cabbiraa milimitir (mm). Mararka qaarkood waxaa loo yaqaan "Masaafada Interpupillary - ID".
Bal qiyaas, marka aad muraayadaha samaynayso, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad hagaajiso muraayadda si meesha ugu sarraysa ee korontada ay si sax ah ugu taal horteeda iris-kaaga. Haddii kale, si cad uma arki doontid. Halkan waa meesha cabbirka PD uu lagama maarmaan u yahay si loo sameeyo hagaajinta saxda ah. Haddii aad muraayadaha ka iibsanayso internetka, hubaal waxaad u baahan doontaa cabbirkan PD iyo warqadda daawadaada.
Sidee loo cabbiraa PD-gaaga guriga?
Sida ugu wanaagsan ee dhab ahaantii lagu heli karo cabbirkan waa in uu sameeyo xirfadle tababaran, sida dhakhtarkaaga indhaha ama dhakhtarka indhaha, sababtoo ah taasi waa habka ugu saxsan.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii aad rabto inaad naftaada cabbirto, waxaa jira siyaabo aad taas ku samayn karto. Waxa kaliya ee aad u baahan tahay waa cajalad cabbir ah oo lagu calaamadeeyay millimitir (mm) iyo muraayad. Mararka qaarkood waxaad heli kartaa cajalado cabbir gaar ah ama xitaa barnaamijyada taleefanka casriga ah ee loogu talagalay ujeeddadaas. Laakiin maskaxda ku hay in saxnaantu ay xoogaa ka yaraan karto marka aad naftaada cabbirto ama aad isticmaasho abka.
Haddii aad rabto inaad naftaada cabbirto...
Haddii aad tan kaligaa samaynayso, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad taxaddar yar yeelato. Raac tallaabooyinkan.
| Tallaabooyinka | Waxa la sameeyo |
|---|---|
| 1. Diyaarinta | Meel iftiin fiican leh, hor istaag muraayad qiyaastii 18 inji u jirta. |
| 2. Dhigista meesha cagta lagu istaago | Calaamadaha milimitir-ka ku dheji cajaladda si ay muraayadda ugu muuqdaan, oo ku hay indhahaaga hoostiisa iyo sankaaga korkiisa. Sidii adigoo derbi ka fiirinaya. |
| 3. Cabbirka isha midig | Xidh ishaada bidix. Adigoo isticmaalaya ishaada midig oo keliya, calaamadda eber (0) saar mastaradda bartamaha goobada madow ee ishaada midig. Ha dhaqaajin mastaradda laga bilaabo halkan. Haddii ay dhacdo, dib u bilow. |
| 4. Cabbirka isha bidix | Hadda fur ishaada bidix oo xidh ishaada midig. Markaad ishaada bidix ka eegayso oo keliya, arag calaamadda milimitir ee si toos ah ugu jirta bartamaha goobada madow ee ishaada bidix. |
| 5. Qaadashada cabbirka | Qiimaha milimitir ee aad hesho wuxuu noqon doonaa cabbirkaaga PD. |
Haddii aad qof ku cabbirto caawinaad...
Tani way ka fudud tahay inaad keligaa sameyso. Qofka ku caawinaya waa inuu sidan u sameeyaa.
| Tallaabooyinka | Waxa uu kaaliyaha sameyn karo |
|---|---|
| 1. Diyaarinta | Fadhiiso qofka aad rabto inaad cabbirto hortiisa, qiyaastii 18 inji u jirta. Labada wejiba isku heer ha ahaadaan. |
| 2. Dhigista meesha cagta lagu istaago | Cagta dhig indhaha qofka kale hoostiisa oo sankiisa korkiisa dhig. |
| 3. Cabbirka isha midig | Weydii qofka cabbiraadda qaadaya inuu si toos ah u eego ishaada bidix (qofka ku caawinaya) . Meesha ka saar eber (0) cajaladda cabbirka ee ku taal geeska dibadda ee giraanta madow ee isha midig ee qofka kale. Ha ka dhaqaajin cajaladda cabbirka meeshan. |
| 4. Cabbirka isha bidix | Hadda weydii qofka kale inuu si toos ah u eego ishaada midig . Hadda fiiri calaamadda milimitir ee u dhiganta geeska gudaha ee giraanta madow ee ishiisa bidix. |
| 5. Qaadashada cabbirka | Qiimaha milimitir ee aad aragto waa cabbirkiisa PD. |
Maxay cabbirkan PD muhiim u tahay?
Waad ogtahay, waxaan aragnaa waxyaabo marka iftiinku galo isha. Iftiinkani wuxuu isha ka galaa isha iyada oo loo marayo isha. Kadib iftiinkaasi wuxuu dhex maraa muraayadda oo wuxuu diiradda saaraa retina.
Laakiin haddii aad leedahay aragti liidata, iftiinkani si fiican uma diiradda saaro. Taasi waa sababta aan u aragno mid aan caddayn. Tusaale ahaan:
- Aragti fog/Hyperopia
- Aragti dhow/Myopia
- Dhibaato aragtida agtaada ah markaad gabowdo (Presbyopia)
- Astigmatism
Muraayadaha indhaha laguma cabbiri karo hal cabbir. Way kala duwan yihiin iyadoo ku xiran arrimo badan, sida dhibaatada aragtidaada iyo xoogga daawada laguu qoray.
Cabbirkan PD waa inuu ahaadaa mid sax ah si awoodda muraayadda muraayadaha loogu fiirsado bartamaha ishaada. Markaas oo keliya ayaad ka faa'iideysan kartaa muraayadaha oo aad si cad u arki kartaa adduunka.
Bal qiyaas waxa dhici lahaa haddii cabbirka PD uu khaldanaa...
Haddii muraayadaha aad isticmaasho loo sameeyay cabbir khaldan oo PD ah, hubaal waad dareemi doontaa.
- Dareen-celin indhaha ah
- Madax-xanuun
- qallooca muuqaalka (aragtida waxyaabaha sidii inay fidsan yihiin)
In kasta oo calaamadahani aanay khatar ahayn, haddana aad bay u dhib badan yihiin. Intaa waxaa dheer, cadaadiska joogtada ah ee indhahaaga ayaa dhab ahaantii ka sii dari kara aragtidaada.
Celceliska PD-ga dadka waaweyn waa qiyaastii 63 mm. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wuxuu u dhexeeyaa 50 ilaa 70 mm. Way ku kala duwan tahay qof ilaa qof. PD-gaagu wuu isbeddeli karaa markaad korayso markaad carruur tahay, laakiin badanaa isma beddelo markaad weynaato. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, aad ayay u dhif tahay, waxay si yar isu beddeli kartaa qalliinka wejiga ama indhaha ka dib.
Goorma ayay habboon tahay in aad adigu cabbirto PD-gaaga?
Haddii aad inta badan muraayadahaaga u isticmaasho ujeedo keliya (tusaale ahaan, akhrinta), helitaanka cabbiraaddaada waxaa laga yaabaa inaysan ahayn arrin weyn. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jira kiisas gaar ah oo aad runtii u baahan tahay cabbir heer xirfadeed ah . Isku dayga inaad hesho cabbirradaada ma aha fikrad wanaagsan waqtigaas.
| Fursad | Sababta |
|---|---|
| Haddii aad u baahan tahay muraayadaha indhaha badan leh | Kuwaas waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaan "muraayadaha horumarka leh, bifocals, trifocals". Muraayadahani waxay leeyihiin awoodo kala duwan oo qaybo dhowr ah. Sidaa darteed, haddii cabbirka PD uu ka yar yahay xitaa millimitir, aragga gebi ahaanba wuu qalloocan karaa. |
| Haddii aad u baahan tahay inaad xidhato muraayadaha indhaha mar walba si aad u aragto meelaha dhow iyo kuwa fog labadaba | Marka aan wax dhow fiirino, PD-geena wuxuu hoos u dhacaa qiyaastii 3 millimitir. Farqigan waa in la tixgeliyaa marka la naqshadeynayo muraayadaha sidan oo kale ah. Cabbirka saxda ah ayaa lagama maarmaan u ah tan. |
| Haddii aad indhahaaga ku aragto wax qalad ah | Caafimaad ahaan, tan waxaa loo yaqaan "Strabismus." Xaaladdan oo kale, cabbiro gaar ah ayaa loo qaadaa il kasta, muraayadahana waa in si sax ah loo sameeyaa. |
Dalalka qaar waxay leeyihiin sharciyo u baahan in cabbiraadda PD lagu daro warqadda daawada ee muraayadda indhaha. In kasta oo uusan jirin sharci noocaas ah oo ka jira dalkeenna, haddana waxaad had iyo jeer weydiisan kartaa dhakhtarkaaga indhaha ama dhakhtarkaaga indhaha cabbiraadda PD-gaaga. Waa xuquuqdaada.
Fariinta Guriga La Qaadanayo
- Masaafada Ardayda (PD) waa masaafada u dhaxaysa giraanta madow ee indhahaaga. Cabbirkan waa lama huraan si aad u hesho ku habboonaanta saxda ah ee muraayadaha indhahaaga.
- Xirashada muraayadaha indhaha ee loo sameeyay cabbir khaldan oo PD ah waxay sababi kartaa cadaadis indhaha ah, madax-xanuun, iyo aragti cakiran.
- In kasta oo aad cabbiraaddan guriga ku qaadi karto, haddana habka ugu saxsan uguna ammaansan waa in xirfadle uu cabbiro.
- Hubi inaad hesho cabbir xirfadeed, gaar ahaan haddii aad isticmaasho muraayadaha indhaha badan ama aad qabto xaalad sida strabismus.
- Haddii daawadaadu aysan ku jirin cabbirka PD, ha ka baqin inaad dhakhtarkaaga ama dhakhtarka indhaha ka weydiiso arrintaas.
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