Masithethe ngamafutha omzimba wakho. Zithini ii-lipids?

Molo! Unjani? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngento engaphakathi emizimbeni yethu, kodwa asisoloko sinolwazi oluninzi ngayo. Oko kubizwa ngokuba yi-lipids . Usenokuba ukhe weva nge-'cholesterol'. Yiyo loo nto la ma-lipids eyiyo. Ungakhathazeki, ndiza kukuchazela oku ngendlela elula.

Zithini ii-lipids? Masiqonde ngokulula.

Cinga ngayo, ii-lipids liqela leekhemikhali emizimbeni yethu, njengamafutha kunye ne-wax . Zenza imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu emizimbeni yethu. Into ekhethekileyo kukuba ezi lipids azinyibiliki emanzini. Kufana neoyile edada emanzini. Ezi lipids ziveliswa yimizimba yethu.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-lipids emzimbeni wethu?

Xa kufikwa kwi-lipids, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo. Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi ezona ziphambili.

1. Ikholesteroli

Mhlawumbi ukhe waliva igama elithi 'cholesterol' kakhulu, akunjalo? Olu luhlobo lwe-lipid. Imizimba yethu nayo iyalufuna. Uyazi ukuba kutheni? I-cholesterol inceda umzimba ukuba ufunxe amafutha kunye neevithamini ekutyeni esikutyayo kwaye yenze iihomoni.

Kodwa nantsi into. I-cholesterol kunye nolunye uhlobo lwe-lipid olubizwa ngokuba yi -triglycerides aziwathandi amanzi, ngoko azinakuhamba egazini zodwa. Kufana nokuba umntu uyoyika amanzi. Ngoko ke zidityaniswe neeproteni ukuze zenze izithuthi ezibizwa ngokuba zii-lipoproteins . Ezo zizithuthi ezizithwala emzimbeni wonke.

Ngoku usenokuba uvile ngeentlobo ezimbini eziphambili zee-lipoproteins:

• I-HDL (ii-High-Density Lipoproteins) - "i-cholesterol elungileyo"

Ezi zenziwa sisibindi sethu kunye namathumbu amancinci kunye. I-HDL ithatha i-cholesterol engafunekiyo iyibuyisele esibindini. Isibindi siyiguqula ibe yi-bile acid kwaye siyisuse emzimbeni. Ayipheleli apho, i-HDL ikwalwa nokudumba, ukujiya kwegazi, kunye ne-oxidation . Yiyo loo nto ibizwa ngokuba "ilungile."

• I-LDL (ii-Low-Density Lipoproteins) - "i-cholesterol embi"

Isibindi sethu senza uhlobo olubizwa ngokuba yi -VLDL (Very Low-Density Lipoproteins) . Ezi VLDL zithwala ii-triglycerides ukusuka esibindini ukuya kwezinye iiseli. Ngoku, xa ezi VLDL zigqibile ukuhambisa ii-triglycerides kunye ne-cholesterol kwezinye iindawo, ziba nzima kancinci kwaye zibe yi-LDL. Loo LDL yi-cholesterol "embi". Kuba, le LDL inokunamathela eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi yethu . Emva koko ukuhamba kwegazi kunokuthintelwa, kwaye ukuhamba kwegazi kunokuthintelwa.

2. Iitriglycerides

Olu lolunye uhlobo olukhulu lwe-lipid emzimbeni wethu. Umsebenzi wabo ophambili kukugcina amandla nokuwanika xa kufuneka . Iikhalori ezongezelelweyo esizifumana ekutyeni esikutyayo zigcinwa emzimbeni njenge-triglycerides.

Yeyiphi inkonzo enikezelwa zii-lipids emizimbeni yethu?

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zee-lipids, kwaye uhlobo ngalunye lunomsebenzi owahlukileyo emzimbeni wethu. Masibone ukuba zeziphi.

• Iitriglycerides:Ezi zigcina amandla kwaye ziwakhuphe xa kufuneka.
• Iihormone zeSteroid: Ezi zinceda iiseli zethu ukuba zidlulise imiyalezo. Zicinge njengeeposi ezincinci emizimbeni yethu.
• Iityuwa zenyongo, ezenziwe nge-cholesterol: Ezi zinceda ekunyibilikiseni amafutha ekutyeni esikutyayo, oko kukuthi, zinceda ekugayweni.
• Ii-fatty acids: Ezi ziyacolwa kwaye zivelise amandla.
• Iiphospholipids kunye ne-cholesterol: Ezi zimbini xa zidibene zenza isigqubuthelo sangaphandle seeseli zethu, okanye ii-membranes zebhayoloji . Ezi phospholipids zifana nabalindi-masango. Zivumela ezinye izinto ukuba zingene kwiseli, kodwa ezinye izinto zivunyelwe ukuba zingene ngoncedo lweeproteni.

Ngamafutshane, ii-lipids zibalulekile kwiseli nganye emzimbeni wethu, zinceda phantse kuyo yonke inkqubo.

Ziphi ii-lipids emzimbeni wethu?

IiLipids zifumaneka egazini lethu, naphi na emizimbeni yethu. Yonke iseli emzimbeni wakho inee-lipids.

Zenziwa ngantoni ii-lipids?

IiLipids zenziwe ngezinto ezibizwa ngokuba yioksijini, ikhabhoni, kunye nehydrogen . IiLipids, njenge-cholesterol, ziyinxalenye yeemembrane zeeseli zethu. Zinika iiseli imilo yazo kwaye zilawula ukuhamba kwezinto ezingena neziphuma kwiiseli.

Ziziphi izifo eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene ne-lipids?

Ngokwesiqhelo, umzimba wethu unokuvelisa ubungakanani bee-lipids ozifunayo. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha, ubungakanani bezi lipids bunokuba sezantsi kakhulu okanye bube phezulu kakhulu. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zempilo zinokuvela.

• I-Hyperlipidemia: Oku kuthetha ukunyuka kwamanqanaba e-lipid egazini.
• I-Hypolipidemia: Oku kuthetha ukwehla kwenqanaba le-lipids egazini.
• I-Hypercholesterolemia: Kule nto, amanqanaba e-cholesterol kuphela ayanda.
• I-Atherosclerosis: Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, okwenzekayo koku kukuba izinto ezifana ne-cholesterol embi zifakwa ngaphakathi kwimithambo yegazi, nto leyo ebangela ukuba udonga lwaloo mithambo yegazi lube lukhuni kwaye lunciphe.
• Isifo semithambo yegazi yentliziyo: Oku kwenzeka xa kufumaneka igazi elinjalo kwimithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni.
• I-Hypertriglyceridemia: Kulapho amanqanaba e-triglyceride enyuka khona.

Zithini iimpawu zeengxaki ze-lipid?

Ixesha elininzi, abantu abanamazinga aphezulu e-lipid egazini ababonisi zimpawu . Yiyo loo nto iyingozi kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba amazinga e-cholesterol aphezulu kakhulu, ezinye iimpawu zinokuvela:

• I-Xanthelasma: Amaqhuqhuva atyheli avela kulusu olujikeleze amehlo.
• I-Xanthoma: I-cholesterol ibeka phantsi kolusu, izenze amaqhuma.
• I-corneal arcus:Ijongeka ngathi yindandatho emhlophe ejikeleze iliso.

Kungoko ke kubalulekile ukujonga amanqanaba e-lipid rhoqo, njengoko ugqirha wakho ecebisa, nokuba akukho zimpawu.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo ukujonga amanqanaba akho e-lipid?

Ugqirha wakho angakucela ukuba wenze i -lipid panel , okanye i-lipid profile , elinganisa ubungakanani be-cholesterol kunye ne-triglycerides egazini lakho.

Kufuneka uzile ukutya kangangeeyure ezili-12 ngaphambi kokuba wenze olu vavanyo. Kulapho ke kuphela apho uza kufumana khona iziphumo ezichanekileyo. Kulula ukwenza oku okokuqala kusasa, kuba asityi ebusuku xa silele.

Kwakhona, ukwenza olu vavanyo xa ugula okanye uphantsi koxinzelelo akuyi kunika iziphumo ezichanekileyo. Ukuba uthatha nawaphi na amayeza achaphazela amanqanaba e-lipid, kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ngalo mba.

Iphaneli ye-lipid inganika ugqirha wakho umbono womngcipheko wakho wokuba nesifo sentliziyo .

• Ukuba amanqanaba e-cholesterol iyonke angaphezulu kwe -200 mg/dL (ii-milligrams nge-deciliter nganye) , kwaye amanqanaba e-LDL (i-cholesterol embi) angaphezulu kwe -130 mg/dL , umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo uyanda.
• Oogqirha bacebisa abantu abakhe baba nesifo semithambo yegazi yentliziyo okanye abakhe baba nestroke ukuba bagcine iithagethi ze-LDL ziphantsi nangakumbi.
• Kulungile kakhulu ukuba nenqanaba le-HDL (i-cholesterol elungileyo) eliyi- 60 mg/dL okanye ngaphezulu, kuba i-HDL inceda ukususa i-LDL.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-lipids?

Ukuba amanqanaba akho e-lipid aphezulu kwaye usengozini yokuba nesifo sentliziyo, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okunciphisa i-cholesterol. Eminye imizekelo ibandakanya:

• Iistatini
• Izinto ezidibanisa i-bile acid
• IiFibrates
• Izithinteli ze-PCSK9

La mayeza afanele asetyenziswe kuphela njengoko kuyalelwe ngugqirha.

Izinto ezilula esinokuzenza ukugcina amanqanaba e-lipid asempilweni

Ngethamsanqa, ngokwenza utshintsho olulula kwindlela esiphila ngayo, singanciphisa amanqanaba amabi e-lipid size siwagcine kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo.

• Nciphisa ukutya kwakho iikhalori: Xa utya iikhalori ezingaphezulu kunezo uzifunayo, ezo khalori zongezelelweyo zigcinwa emzimbeni njengee-triglycerides.
• Nciphisa amafutha agcweleyo: La mafutha afumaneka ngobuninzi kwizinto ezifana nokutya kobisi okunamafutha apheleleyo.
• Khetha ukutya okuziinkozo, iziqhamo, imifuno, kunye neemveliso zobisi ezinamafutha aphantsi.
• Zilolonge rhoqo: Kulungile kakhulu ukuzilolonga ubuncinane iintsuku ezi-5 ngeveki, imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku.
• Lala kakuhle: Lala ubuncinane iiyure ezisi-7-9 ubusuku ngabunye.
• Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni obukufaneleyo.
• Yeka ukusebenzisa iimveliso zecuba: Ukutshaya kunokunciphisa amanqanaba akho e-HDL (i-cholesterol elungileyo) kwaye kunyuse amanqanaba akho e-LDL (i-cholesterol embi).

Khumbula, awunakukwenza konke oku ngobusuku obunye. Zama ukuziphuhlisa kancinci kancinci ezi ndlela.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Ii-lipids zibalulekile kwiiseli zomzimba wethu nakwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ezinye iintlobo zee-lipids, ingakumbi i-LDL cholesterol kunye ne-triglycerides, ziphezulu kakhulu, zinokukhokelela kwiimeko ezinzulu ezifana nesifo sentliziyo.

Ngoko ke, thetha nogqirha wakho uze ufunde ngomngcipheko wakho wesifo sentliziyo kunye nesifo semithambo yegazi. Kwakhona, buza ukuba kufuneka wenze kangaphi i-lipid panel. Ugqirha wakho angakunceda ugcine amanqanaba akho e-lipid ngaphakathi kwemida eqhelekileyo. Impilo yakho isezandleni zakho!

IiLipids , i-cholesterol, ii-triglycerides, i-HDL, i-LDL, isifo sentliziyo, indlela yokuphila enempilo