Masithethe ngedolo lakho!

Ngaba wakha wacinga ngokubaluleka kwamadolo akho? Amadolo ethu asinceda sihambe, sibaleke, sitsibe, sime, sihlale... zonke ezi zinto. Enyanisweni, idolo lelona lungu likhulu emzimbeni wethu. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngedolo elibalulekileyo ngokweenkcukacha ezithe vetshe, akunjalo?

Yintoni idolo?

Ngamafutshane, idolo lilungu elidibanisa ithanga lakho nomlenze wakho ongezantsi. Lifana ne-hinge yomnyango. Liyinxalenye yenkqubo yethu yamathambo . Kodwa idolo alinamathambo kuphela. Likwaqulathe i-cartilage, izihlunu, i-ligaments kunye nemithambo-luvo.

Amadolo akho akunceda ukuxhasa ubunzima bomzimba wakho, agobe imilenze yakho, kwaye ashukumise umzimba wakho. Naluphi na ushukumo olwenzayo usebenzisa imilenze yakho lufuna inkxaso evela emadolweni akho. Ukuba uneentlungu zedolo, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha. Uyakwazi ukufumanisa unobangela wentlungu yakho aze akunike unyango oludingayo ukuze ubuyele kwimisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo.

Zithini imisebenzi ephambili yedolo?

Amadolo ethu anemisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo ekufuneka ayenze. Jonga:

• Ukuhamba kwemilenze: Amadolo akho akunceda ukuba ugobe, wolule, kwaye ujikeleze imilenze yakho. Cinga ngomsebenzi owenziwa ngamadolo akho xa uhamba, ubaleka, okanye unyuka izinyuko.
• Ukuxhasa umzimba ngelixa umile kwaye uhamba: Xa umile, amadolo akho athwala inxalenye enkulu yobunzima bomzimba wakho wonke.
• Ukugcina umzimba uzinzile nokugcina ulungelelwano: Amadolo akwanceda ukugcina ulungelelwano lomzimba xa ujika ngequbuliso okanye uyeka.

Iphi idolo?

Le yinto eyaziwa ngumntu wonke. Idolo lilungu eliphakathi komlenze wakho. Ngokuchanekileyo, idolo kulapho ithambo lakho lethanga (esilibiza ngokuba yi-'Femur' ngokwezonyango) lidibana khona nethambo lakho lesifuba ('Tibia').

Idolo lilungu elinjani?

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zamalungu emizimbeni yethu. Oogqirha bawahlulahlula ngokwendlela enziwe ngayo (oko kukuthi, indlela akhiwe ngayo) kunye nendlela ashukuma ngayo (oko kukuthi, umsebenzi wawo).

Idolo lilungu le-synovial . Amalungu e-synovial ngawona malungu ahambahambayo emzimbeni wethu. Enziwa ngumngxuma kwelinye ithambo ofakwe elinye ithambo. Iziphelo zala mathambo zigqunywe yinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-hyaline cartilage . Kwisithuba esiphakathi kwamathambo kukho i-synovial membrane . Oku kufana nengxowa egcwele ulwelo. Yile nto ithambisa kwaye ikhusela ilungu. Olu xinzelelo longezelelweyo luvumela amalungu e-synovial ukuba ahambe ngokungqubana okuncinci kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Ngokusebenzayo, idolo liyi -hinge joint.. Cinga ngayo njengehinji yocango. Ezinye iindawo zayo azishukumi, kodwa ezinye iindawo zihamba umgama othile ukuze zivuleke kwaye zivale ucango. Njengedolo, i-hip joint ilandela lo mthetho usisiseko - ingavuleka kwaye ivale kwicala elinye.

Injani indlela eyakhiwe ngayo idolo?

Idolo lakho lenziwe kakhulu ngala malungu:

• Ithambo
• I-Cartilage
• Iiligamenti
• Izihlunu
• Imiva

Makhe sijonge nganye kwezi ngokwahlukeneyo.

Amathambo edolo

Idolo lenziwe ngamathambo amathathu aphambili:

• Ithambo le-Femur: Eli lelona thambo lide nelinamandla ethangeni lakho.
• I-Tibia: Eli lithambo eliphambili elithwala ubunzima ngaphakathi komlenze wakho ongezantsi.
• Patella: Le yi-kneecap esiyaziyo sonke. Lithambo elincinci, elinonxantathu eliphambi kwedolo.

Iindawo apho la mathambo adibana khona zibizwa ngokuba zii-articulations okanye ii-articulating surfaces . Idolo lakho lineendawo ezimbini ezi-articulations:

• Ilungu lePatellofemoral: Kulapho i-kneecap (patella) iqhagamshela khona nethambo lethanga (femur).
• Ilungu le-Tibiofemoral: Kulapho i-tibia idibana khona ne-femur.

I-cartilage yamadolo

I-Cartilage sisicwili esiqinileyo nesiguquguqukayo esikhusela amalungu akho kwaye sisebenza njengesithinteli sokuthuthumela emzimbeni wakho wonke.

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ze-cartilage edolweni lakho:

• I-Hyaline cartilage: Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-cartilage emzimbeni wakho. Abanye oogqirha balubiza ngokuba yi-articular cartilage . Ludibanisa amalungu akho kwaye lugcina iziphelo zamathambo akho. I-Hyaline cartilage ithambile kakhulu kwaye ityibilika. Yiyo loo nto amathambo akho anokutyibilika kakuhle phezu komnye nomnye ngaphakathi kwamalungu akho. Ithambo lakho lethanga, ithambo le-shin, kunye ne-kneecap zinesigqubuthelo se-hyaline cartilage apho zichukumisa khona.
• I-Fibrocartilage: Njengoko igama lisitsho, olu luhlobo lwe-cartilage eyenziwe ngemicu exineneyo. Inamandla ngokwaneleyo ukubamba amalungu omzimba kunye nokufunxa ukushaqeka. I-meniscus edolweni lakho yenziwe ngee-wedges ezimbini zale fibrocartilage. Yile nto igcina umsantsa phakathi kwethambo lethanga kunye nethambo le-shin.

Cinga ngale ndlela, i-cartilage ifana netayara emotweni. Xa itayara iphela, imoto iba nzima ukuyiqhuba, kanye njengokuba xa i-cartilage edolweni iphela, kuba buhlungu xa ushukumisa idolo.

Iiligamenti zedolo

Iiligaments zedolo ziintambo zezicubu ezidibanisa ithambo lethanga lakho namathambo omlenze wakho ongezantsi. Ezi zibamba idolo lakho kunye kwaye zithintele ukuba lingahambi ngokungeyomfuneko.

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ze-ligaments edolweni lakho:

• Ii-collateral ligaments: Ezi zi-collateral ligaments zimbini zifana nee-bands ezimbini kumacala omabini edolo lakho.
• I-Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL): Le ikwindawo engaphakathi edolweni lakho. Idibanisa ithambo lethanga lakho nethambo lakho lesifuba.
• I-Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL): Le ifumaneka ngaphandle kwedolo. Idibanisa ithambo lethanga lakho ne-fibula , ithambo elincinci elingaphandle kwethambo le-shin.

Ezi ligaments ezisecaleni zithintela idolo ukuba lingajiki kakhulu kumacala omabini.

• Ii-Cruciate ligaments: Ezi ligaments zimbini ze-cruciate zifumaneka ngaphakathi kwedolo. Zidibanisa ithambo lethanga nethambo le-shin. Ziyawelana ukuze zenze imo ka-'X'. Ezi ligaments ze-cruciate zilawula indlela idolo elihamba ngayo phambili nangasemva.
• I-Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL): Le ikwindawo engaphambili edolweni. Usenokuba ukhe weva ukuba le "ACL" idla ngokwenzakala ngexesha lemidlalo.
• I-Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL): Le ikwindawo engasemva kwe-ACL, ngasemva kwedolo.

Imisipha yamadolo

Izihlunu zizicubu ezithambileyo ezenziwe ngemicu ethambileyo. Ziyagoba (ziyashukuma) ukuze zitsale kwaye zishukumise amalungu omzimba. Uninzi lwezihlunu ezinamathele emilenzeni yakho zilawula iintshukumo zamadolo akho.

Izihlunu ezinceda ekugobeni idolo zibizwa ngokuba zii-flexors . Eminye imizekelo yile:

• `Uhlobo lweArticularis`
• `I-Rectus femoris`
• `I-Vastus lateralis`
• `Vastus intermedius`
• `Vastus medialis`

Ii-extensors zizihlunu ezinceda ukolula idolo kwaye zisebenze ngokuchasene nezi flexors. Ezinye ze -extensors ezilawula idolo zezi:

• `Iibhiceps femoris`
• `Semitendinosus`
• `I-Semimembranosus`
• `IGastrocnemius`
• `IiPlantaris`
• `IGracilis`
• `UPopliteus`

Nangona ezi zihlunu zisenokubonakala zinzima kancinci, ngokufutshane nje, le nkqubo yezihlunu ibaluleke kakhulu ekugobeni nasekululekeni kwedolo, kunye nokugcina idolo lizinzile.

Imithambo-luvo yamadolo

Imithambo-luvo ifana neentambo. Ithwala imiqondiso yombane phakathi kwengqondo yakho kunye nomzimba wakho wonke. Le miqondiso yiyo ekunika iimvakalelo kwaye yenza izihlunu zakho zishukume. Eminye yemithambo-luvo ephambili edolweni lakho yile:

• Imithambo-luvo ye-femoral
• I-nerve yesayensi
• Umthambo weTibial
• Umthambo we-peroneal

Ukuba kukho nawuphi na umonakalo owenzekayo kwezi mithambo-luvo, unokubangela iintlungu edolweni, ukungaziva, okanye ukuphelelwa zimvakalelo emlenzeni.

Ziziphi iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela idolo?

Nantoni na eyonakalisa amathambo akho okanye izicubu ezidityanisiweyo inokuchaphazela amadolo akho. Umzekelo:

• I-Arthritis: Kulapho amalungu evuvukala khona.
• I-Osteoarthritis: Le yimeko apho i-cartilage esemalungeni iyawohloka. Ixhaphake ngakumbi xa ukhula.
• I-Bursitis: Ukudumba kweengxowa ezincinci ezizaliswe lulwelo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-bursa edolweni.
• I-Tendinitis: Ukudumba kwemisipha edibanisa izihlunu namathambo.
• I-Osteoporosis: Imeko apho amathambo aba buthathaka aze aphuke lula.

Ukulimala okunxulumene nemidlalo zezinye zezona zinto zixhaphakileyo edolweni:

• Iinyembezi ze-ACL
• Iinyembezi ze-`(MCL)` (iinyembezi ze-MCL)
• Iinyembezi zeMeniscus
• Amadolo anwebekileyo
• Ukuqhekeka
• Ukuqhekeka kwamathambo
• Ukufuduka
• I-Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS): Intlungu enxulunyaniswa ne-kneecap.

Iimpawu ezinokubonakala emadolweni

Iimpawu ozifumanayo ziya kuxhomekeka kwimeko echaphazela idolo lakho. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lweengxaki zedolo zineempawu ezifana nezi:

• Intlungu (ingakumbi xa ushukuma)
• Ukudumba (ukudumba)
• Ukutshintsha kombala okanye ukubomvu okujikeleze idolo
• Ukuziva ushushu okanye ushushu
• Isandi sokugquma okanye imvakalelo
• Isandi okanye imvakalelo "ethandwayo"

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, musa ukuzityeshela. Bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Uvavanyo lokujonga idolo

Bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba uqaphela nayiphi na intlungu okanye utshintsho edolweni lakho. Nazi ezinye zezona zilingo zixhaphakileyo ezisetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukuxilonga iingxaki zedolo:

• Ii-X-reyi
• Ii-ultrasound
• Ukufunxa amalungu: Yinkqubo apho kususwa ulwelo oluncinci kwilungu kwaye luvavanywe.
• Iiskeni ze-CT
• IiMRI

Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha uya kushukumisa idolo lakho, aligobe aze alilule, ukujonga ukuba akukho meniscus okanye i-ligament ekrazukileyo na. Ezinye zezi mvavanyo ziquka:

• `Uvavanyo lukaMcMurray`
• `Uvavanyo lwe-Apley`
• `Uvavanyo lwaseThessaly`
• ``Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lweValgus kunye neVarus''

Ezi zisenokuvakala zingaqhelekanga, kodwa ezi ziindlela oogqirha abazisebenzisayo ukuqonda ngokuchanekileyo imeko yedolo lakho.

Ungazigcina njani amadolo akho ephilile?

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokunyamekela amadolo akho kukugcina impilo entle iyonke. Oko kuthetha ukuba:

• Ukulandela ukutya okunempilo kunye nesicwangciso sokuzilolonga esikufaneleyo.Ukutyeba kakhulu kubeka uxinzelelo olongezelelekileyo emadolweni.
• Yiya kuxilongwa rhoqo ngugqirha kwaye ubone ugqirha kwangoko xa ubona naluphi na utshintsho okanye iimpawu emadolweni akho.
• Nxiba izixhobo zokuzikhusela ezifanelekileyo kuyo nayiphi na imisebenzi, imidlalo, okanye umsebenzi owenzayo. Umzekelo, sebenzisa izinto ezifana nee-knee guards xa udlala imidlalo.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Amadolo akho ngawona malungu makhulu emzimbeni wakho. Kwaye anomsebenzi omkhulu ekufuneka awenze - ukukunceda ume, ushukume, kwaye usebenzise imilenze yakho. Nokuba wenza ntoni na, uwasebenzisa kakhulu amadolo akho kwimisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla.

Ngenxa yokuba sisebenzisa amadolo ethu kwizinto ezininzi, lelinye lamalungu awonakele kakhulu emizimbeni yethu. Wonke umntu unokufumana iintlungu ezincinci ngamanye amaxesha, kodwa ungaze uzityeshele iimpawu zedolo. Bona ugqirha kwangoko xa ubona nantoni na engaqhelekanga. Angakunceda uqonde okwenzekayo ngaphakathi kwedolo lakho kwaye ufumane unyango olufanelekileyo lokugcina amadolo akho ephilile, eqinile, kwaye esebenza kakuhle. Nyamekela amadolo akho, kuba abaluleke kakhulu kuwe!

Idolo , amalungu edolo, amathambo, i-cartilage, i-ligaments, iintlungu zedolo, iingxaki zedolo