Izinto ekufuneka uzazi malunga ne-Anthrax

Xa usiva igama elithi 'anthrax', mhlawumbi uziva usoyika kancinci, akunjalo? Sikubonile kwiimuvi nakwiindaba njengento eyingozi kakhulu, isixhobo sebhayoloji, ngoko ke kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba nolo loyiko. Kodwa yintoni kanye kanye i-anthrax? Ingasichaphazela kangakanani? Ngaba yinto yokoyika? Kulungile, masithethe ngayo yonke le nto namhlanje, ngaphandle kokufihla nantoni na, ngendlela onokuyiqonda ngokulula.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Anthrax?

I-Anthrax lusulelo olukhulu olubangelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yiBacillus anthracis . Le ntsholongwane ikhethekile kakhulu. Inokuhlala ingasebenzi emhlabeni iminyaka emininzi njengee-spores, njengembewu encinci. Njengembewu yesityalo eyomileyo ngexesha lembalela, ezi spores zilinda emhlabeni naseluthulini de kufunyanwe indawo efanelekileyo.

Esi sifo sichaphazela kakhulu izilwanyana ezitya ingca. Xa izilwanyana ezifana neenkomo, iibhokhwe, neegusha zisitya ingca, ezi ntsholongwane zisemhlabeni zingena emizimbeni yezilwanyana. Emva koko, ngaphakathi emzimbeni wesilwanyana, iintsholongwane ezileleyo "ziyavuka" zize zisebenze, zahlukane ngokukhawuleza zize zibangele isifo.

Esi sifo sinqabile kakhulu ebantwini, kodwa kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo esinokudluliselwa ngazo.

• Ngokuphefumla iintsholongwane ezibangela iintsholongwane.
• Ngokutya inyama yesilwanyana esineentsholongwane engaphekwanga kakuhle.
• Iintsholongwane zingena emzimbeni ngenxeba eluswini.

Kodwa eyona nto ingcono kukuba inganyangwa ngempumelelo ngee-antibiotics . Kukwakho ne-vaccine yokuthintela esi sifo.

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili ze-anthrax, kuxhomekeke kwindlela edluliselwa ngayo.

I-anthrax inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezahlukeneyo, kuxhomekeke kwindlela intsholongwane engena ngayo emzimbeni wakho. Uhlobo ngalunye luneempawu ezahlukeneyo kunye nobunzima obahlukeneyo.

Zithini iimpawu ze-anthrax?

Iimpawu ze-anthrax zixhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-anthrax onayo. Iimpawu zihlala ziqala ukubonakala kwiveki emva kokuba uchaphazeleke yibhaktheriya. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, ingakumbi xa uphefumla i-anthrax, iimpawu zinokuthatha iinyanga ezimbini ukuba zivele.

Nazi ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo:

• Iimpawu zolusu:
• Amaqhuqhuva amancinci okanye amaqhuqhuva arhawuzelisayo.
• Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, i-blister iya kuba sisilonda sesikhumba esingenabuhlungu kunye nebala elimnyama embindini. Olu luphawu oluphambili lwe-cutaneous anthrax.
• Iimpawu zomjelo wokutya:
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza (mhlawumbi ngenxa yegazi).
• Intlungu yesisu eqatha.
• Urhudo olunegazi.
• Iimpawu zenkqubo yokuphefumla:
• Ekuqaleni, iimpawu zomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo ezifana nomkhuhlane, iintlungu zomzimba, kunye nokudinwa.
• Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, imeko yaba mandundu, nto leyo eyabangela iintlungu esifubeni kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla.
• Ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo:
• Umkhuhlane kunye nokubila okugqithisileyo.
• Intloko ebuhlungu kunye nentlungu yemisipha.
• Ii-lymph nodes ezivuvukileyo.

Ngaba i-anthrax inokudluliselwa komnye umntu iye komnye?

Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abawubuzayo. Impendulo elula ithi, hayi . I-Anthrax ayisosifo esosulelayo njengomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo okanye i-chickenpox. Awunakuyifumana ngokuba kufutshane nomntu one-anthrax, ukuthetha naye, okanye ukuchukumisa into ayisebenzisileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu ukuba kubekho iingxelo zokuba umntu onesilonda se-anthrax eluswini lwakhe unokosulelwa ukuba udibana ngqo neso silonda. Nangona kunjalo, amathuba okuba oku kwenzeke aphantsi kakhulu.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu?

Umngcipheko wokuba ne-anthrax kuluntu ngokubanzi uphantsi kakhulu, kodwa lo mngcipheko uphezulu kakhulu kubantu abenza imisebenzi ethile kunye nemisebenzi ethile.

• Abalimi kunye nabo basebenza ngemfuyo .
• Iingcali zezilwanyana kunye nabo basebenza kuloo ntsimi.
• Abantu abasebenza ngoboya bezilwanyana kunye nezikhumba (umz., iifektri zoboya, ii-tanneries, abenzi beedrama).
• Abantu abasebenza kwiindawo zokuxhela .
• Abasebenzi belebhu abaphanda ngebhaktiriya ye-anthrax.
• Abahambi okanye amajoni aya kumazwe apho i-anthrax ixhaphake khona.

Ukuxilongwa kunye nonyango lwesifo

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba wosulelwe yi-anthrax, banokwenza uvavanyo oluninzi ukuqinisekisa oko.

• Uvavanyo lwegazi
• Ukuba kukho isilonda eluswini, kuthathwa iqhekeza elincinci laso lihlolwe (iBiopsy)
• I-X-ray yesifuba okanye i-CT scan
• Ukuvavanya iisampulu zesikhohlela okanye zendle
• Ukubhobozwa kwe-Lumbar (i-spinal tap)

Iindlela zonyango

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekunyangeni i-anthrax kukuqala unyango ngokukhawuleza . Ukuba unyango luqalwe ngokukhawuleza, lunokuphiliswa ngokupheleleyo.

Iindlela eziphambili zonyango zezi:

1. Ii-antibiotics: Olu lolona nyango luphambili. Ii-antibiotics zinikwa njengeepilisi, iinaliti, okanye ngemithambo ukubulala usulelo. Olu nyango lunokufuneka luthathwe ixesha elide, ngamanye amaxesha ukuya kuthi ga kwiintsuku ezingama-60. `I-Ciprofloxacin` kunye ne-`doxycycline` zezona zimbini zee-antibiotics ezisetyenziswa kakhulu.

2. Ii-Antitoxins:Ii-antibodies ezenzelwe ngokukodwa zinikwa njengeenaliti zokuphelisa iityhefu eziveliswa yibhaktheriya emzimbeni. Olu nyango ludla ngokwenziwa kunye nee-antibiotics.

3. Ugonyo: Ugonyo lwe-anthrax lusetyenziselwa ukuthintela esi sifo kwaye lukwasetyenziselwa nonyango lomntu oye wachaphazeleka sesi sifo. Iidosi ezininzi zogonyo, kunye nee-antibiotics, zonyusa amajoni omzimba.

Ungazikhusela njani kwi-anthrax?

Ugonyo lwe-anthrax lusebenza ngaphezu kwe-90% ekuthinteleni esi sifo. Nangona kunjalo, olu gonyo alunikwa uluntu ngokubanzi. Lunikwa kuphela abo bakwiqela elisengozini esixoxe ngalo ngaphambili.

Ukuba undwendwela ilizwe apho i-anthrax ixhaphake khona, qaphela ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Kuphephe ukutya inyama eluhlaza okanye engaphekwanga kakuhle ngokupheleleyo.
• Kuphephe ukuphatha okanye ukuthenga izinto zokukhumbuza ezenziwe ngesikhumba sezilwanyana, uboya, okanye amathambo.
• Musa ukuzichukumisa okanye ukuzifuya izilwanyana ongaqinisekanga ukuba ziphilile.