Ingaba intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza ngequbuliso? Masithethe nge-AVNRT (i-Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia)!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva ngathi intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kwesizathu? Okanye uziva ngathi kukho into ejikelezayo esifubeni sakho, kwaye unobunzima bokuphefumla? Oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokukhatshwa zizinto ezifana nesiyezi, ukuqina kancinci esifubeni sakho, njl. Ezi zinto azizozinto nje ezingaqhelekanga. Oku kungaba luphawu lwemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -AVNRT (Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia) esiza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje. Ungakhathazeki, masithethe ngale nto ngokulula.

Yintoni i-AVNRT (i-Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia)?

Ngamafutshane, i-AVNRT yimeko apho intliziyo yakho iqala ukubetha ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yotshintsho oluncinci kwinkqubo yombane yentliziyo yakho. Yenye yeqela elikhulu leemeko ezibizwa ngokuba yiSupraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) , ezizii-rhythms zentliziyo ezikhawulezayo eziqala kumagumbi aphezulu entliziyo (i-atria). Enyanisweni, i-AVNRT lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-SVT.

Ngokwesiqhelo, xa siphumle, intliziyo yethu ibetha phakathi kwezihlandlo ezingama-60 ukuya kwezili-100 ngomzuzu. Kodwa kumntu one-AVNRT, ngequbuliso, ngaphandle kwesilumkiso, isantya sentliziyo sinokunyuka ukusuka kwi-140 ukuya kwi-280 ngomzuzu, okanye ngokukhawuleza. Khawuthelekelele loo nto! Inokuhlala ixesha elithile, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha inokuhlala ixesha elide kancinci.

I-AVNRT kunye ne-SVT ziimeko ezikwiqela elikhulu le- arrhythmias . I-arrhythmia yimeko apho intliziyo ibetha ngokungacwangciswanga, oko kuthetha ukuba ibetha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, kancinci kakhulu, okanye ngendlela engaqhelekanga.

Ngubani onokuba nethuba elingcono lokufumana i-AVNRT?

Enyanisweni, nabani na unokufumana le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-AVNRT. Nangona kunjalo, ixhaphake kancinci kubasetyhini kunakumadoda. Kwakhona, abantu abadala abancinci nabasempilweni abangenazo ezinye izifo ezinkulu nabo banokufumana le meko. Ngoko ke, musa ukucinga ukuba, "Ndiphilile, oku akuyi kwenzeka kum."

Kutheni i-AVNRT isenzeka? Kwenzeka ntoni entliziyweni?

Isantya kunye nesingqisho sokubetha kwentliziyo yethu silawulwa yinkqubo yombane entsonkothileyo kakhulu. Oku kuqala ngeqela elikhethekileyo lee-muscle fibers ezibizwa ngokuba yi-Sinoatrial node (SA node) kwigumbi eliphezulu lasekunene (atrium) lentliziyo. Le SA node isebenza njenge-pacemaker yendalo yentliziyo yethu.

Kwintliziyo ephilileyo, isignali yombane evela kule node ye-SA ibangela ukuba amagumbi amabini aphezulu entliziyo (i-atria) anciphe, ityhale igazi liye kumagumbi asezantsi (imithambo). Esi signali yombane emva koko sihamba ngeendlela ezikhethekileyo ukuya kwindawo ebizwa ngokuba yi-Atrioventricular node (i-AV node) . Esi node ye-AV sifana nesango eliphakathi kwamagumbi aphezulu naphantsi. Ukusuka apho, isignali iya kumagumbi asezantsi (imithambo) ize ibangele ukuba inciphe. Yileyo ndlela intliziyo eqhelekileyo epompa ngayo igazi emzimbeni wonke ngendlela ehlelekileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho ingxaki ngale nkqubo yombane, intliziyo inokubetha ngendlela engaqhelekanga. Oko kukuthi, ingakhawuleza, inciphise isantya, okanye isingqisho singaphazamiseka. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-arrhythmia.

Kwi-AVNRT, kukho into ebizwa ngokuba yindlela yombane encinci eyongezelelweyo (i-reentrant circuit) kufutshane ne-AV node. Oku kunokuba yinto ekhoyo ekuzalweni. Ngamanye amaxesha, ngenxa yokufinyela kwentliziyo ngaphambi kwexesha, isignali yombane ingena kule ndlela eyongezelelweyo ize iqale ukujikeleza. Cinga ngayo njenge-short circuit kwi-electrical circuit encinci. Kulapho intliziyo iqala ukubetha ngokukhawuleza ngequbuliso, kwaye ingahlala injalo.

Ekubeni abantu abaninzi kwiintsapho ezithile benale meko, kukho amathandabuzo okuba i-AVNRT isenokuba yimfuza, kodwa unobangela wemfuza awukafunyanwa.

Zithini iimpawu ze-AVNRT?

I-AVNRT ayisiyongxaki eqhubekayo. Yimeko ye-episodic . Oku kuthetha ukuba ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza kunokuvela ngequbuliso kuze kume okwethutyana. Abanye abantu banezi mpawu kangangeminyaka, kodwa kungathatha ixesha ukufumanisa ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kanye kanye.

Ezi zezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo:

• Ukungakhululeki entanyeni okanye esifubeni , ukuziva ufuthanisekile.
• Ukuba nesiyezi , ngamanye amaxesha ukuziva ungenazintloni.
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo kakhulu (malunga ne-140-280 beats ngomzuzu).
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo - Le yindlela intliziyo yakho ebetha ngayo. Oku kunokuvakala ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
• I-Polyuria - Oku kuthetha ukuchama rhoqo nangobuninzi. Oku kubangelwa lutshintsho oluthile lwehomoni emzimbeni xa intliziyo ibetha ngokukhawuleza.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla , uzive ngathi uyafuthaniseka.

Zivakala njani ezi ntlungu zentliziyo?

Abantu abane-AVNRT bachaza esi sigqi sentliziyo ngolu hlobo:

• Kuvakala ngathi kukho into enyukayo nehlayo ngaphakathi esifubeni (i-flip-flopping) .
• Ibhabha kancinci, njengebhabhathane elibhabhayo.
• Ukuziva uxinene okanye ugcwele entanyeni okanye emqaleni.
• Njengokubetha igubu kakhulu.
• Intliziyo ibetha ngokukhawuleza njengakwi-racing (Racing) .

Amaxesha amaninzi, kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, i-AVNRT inokubangela iimpawu ezinzima kunye neengxaki. Umzekelo:

• Iintlungu zesifuba .
• Ukudideka .
• Ukulahlekelwa zingqondo (iSyncope) .
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi (Hypotension) .
• Umothuko - Oku kunqabile kakhulu.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani i-AVNRT?

Ukufumanisa ukuba une-AVNRT okanye enye i-arrhythmia, ugqirha uya kwenza oku kulandelayo:

1. Ukubuza ngembali yakho yezonyango: Uza kubuzwa imibuzo malunga nazo naziphi na izifo okhe waba nazo ngaphambili, naziphi na iimpawu okhe waba nazo kutshanje, kunye namayeza, iivithamini, izongezo, kunye namayeza owasebenzisayo.

2. Uvavanyo lomzimba:Baza kulinganisa izinto ezifana nesantya sokuphefumla kwakho, uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye nesantya sentliziyo. Baza kumamela nentliziyo yakho nge-stethoscope.

3. I-Electrocardiogram (EKG): Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo. I-EKG ilinganisa umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo yakho, njengobude kunye nobude bentliziyo nganye. Ingaluncedo kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukuxilongwa, ingakumbi ukuba unokufumana i-EKG ngelixa intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza.

Ukongeza, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela ezinye iimvavanyo ukuze afunde ngakumbi ngentliziyo yakho:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga ezinye iingxaki ezinokuchaphazela intliziyo yakho (umz., iingxaki ze-thyroid, i-anemia).
• I-Echocardiogram (Echo): Le ithatha imifanekiso yentliziyo (njenge-ultrasound) ukujonga naziphi na iingxaki kwisakhiwo sentliziyo okanye indlela epompa ngayo igazi.
• Isixhobo sokubona ukubetha kwentliziyo iHolter okanye esinye isixhobo sokubona ukubetha kwentliziyo: Esi sisixhobo esincinci osinxibayo kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa. Sihlala sirekhoda isingqisho sentliziyo yakho ngelixa usenza imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla. Ukuba akukho ngxaki yentliziyo ngexesha le-EKG, sinokubanjwa ngolu hlobo lwesixhobo.
• Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lokuzivocavoca: Isantya sentliziyo yakho sijongwa ngelixa ubaleka kwi-treadmill okanye uqhuba ibhayisekile engashukumiyo. Abanye abantu banokuziva olu kubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lokuzilolonga.
• Uphononongo lwe-Electrophysiological (EP) kunye nemephu yentliziyo: Olu luvavanyo oluntsonkothileyo ngakumbi. Lubandakanya ukudlulisa ucingo oluncinci (i-catheter) ngomthambo ukuya entliziyweni ukuze kuchongwe ngqo apho i-arrhythmia iqala khona kunye nendlela eyenzeka ngayo. Olu vavanyo ludla ngokwenziwa ngaphambi konyango olubizwa ngokuba yi-catheter ablation.

Zeziphi iindlela zonyango ezikhoyo ze-AVNRT?

Nangona abantu abaninzi benayo i-AVNRT, ayinguye wonke umntu ofuna unyango. Ingakumbi ukuba iimpawu zivela ngamaxesha athile kwaye azikhathazi kakhulu, unyango lusenokungabi yimfuneko. Nangona kunjalo, iqela lakho lezonyango linokukuthumela ukuze ufumane unyango kwiimeko ezilandelayo:

• Ukuba usengozini yokufumana iingxaki ezinkulu .
• Ukuba uneempawu eziphazamisa ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla , ezinje ngokungakwazi ukulala.
• Ukuba i-AVNRT yenzeka rhoqo okanye ixesha elide .

Kukho iindlela ezininzi zonyango:

1. Ukuqhuba imithambo yesitho sangasese somntu: Ngamanye amaxesha ungayimisa le ntliziyo ikhawulezayo ngezinto ezilula onokuzenza ekhaya. Umzekelo, ukukhohlela, ukubamba umphefumlo wakho (iValsalva maneuver), kunye nokufaka ubuso bakho emanzini abandayo . Ugqirha wakho uza kukubonisa indlela yokwenza oku.

2. Intliziyo eguquguqukayo ngombane:Oku kuquka ukubeka amaphedi okanye amaphetshana esifubeni sakho kunye nokubetha intliziyo yakho ngombane. Oku kunokunceda ukubuyisela isigqi sentliziyo yakho kwisimo esiqhelekileyo. Oku kudla ngokwenziwa xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.

3. Amayeza: Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza anokulawula isantya sentliziyo kunye nesingqisho. Umzekelo, i-Adenosine injection (le yi-injection enikwa emthanjeni, enciphisa isantya ngokukhawuleza), Amayeza e-Antiarrhythmic (amayeza akhethekileyo anikwa i-arrhythmia), ii- Calcium channel blockers , kunye nee-Beta-blockers . Ezi kufuneka zithathwe kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho emyalele.

4. Ukususwa kwe-catheter: Oku kudla ngokuthathwa njengonyango olulodwa lwe-AVNRT. Kule nto, njengophando lwe-EP olukhankanyiweyo ngaphambili, i-catheter encinci idluliselwa ngomthambo osemlenzeni okanye engalweni ukuya entliziyweni, isekethe yokungena kwakhona ifumaneka, kwaye kwenziwa isilonda esincinci kusetyenziswa amandla e-radiofrequency okanye i-cryoablation. Oku kuyayekisa imiqondiso yombane engaqhelekanga ukuba ingangeni entliziyweni, kwaye i-arrhythmia iyayeka. Olu lunyango oluphumeleleyo.

Ndingayinciphisa njani le meko?

Akukho ndlela iqinisekisiweyo yokuthintela i-AVNRT. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unale meko, unokufumanisa ukuba izinto ezithile zenza ukuba ukubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo kube nokwenzeka ngakumbi. Ezi sizibiza ngokuba "zii-triggers."

Ngokuphepha ezi zinto zibangela uqhushululu, unganciphisa ukuphindaphindeka kohlaselo lwe-AVNRT.

Nazi izinto ezibangela iingxaki kubantu abaninzi:

• Utywala
• I-Caffeine - ifumaneka kwikofu, iti, nakwezinye iziselo ezibandayo.
• Iindidi ezithile zokuzilolonga (kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho ngale nto).
• Ezinye izongezo zemifuno .
• Iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni (Iziyobisi zokuzonwabisa) .
• Ukutshaya okanye ukusebenzisa iimveliso zecuba .
• Uxinzelelo .

Liyintoni ikamva labantu abane-AVNRT?

Amaxesha amaninzi, i-AVNRT inokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu, njengokuma kwentliziyo ngequbuliso. Nangona kunjalo, kubantu abaninzi, ayisosi sifo sisongela ubomi . Ukuba silawulwa kakuhle, abantu banokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo.

Ndine-AVNRT, ndingazinyamekela njani?

Ukulandela la macebiso kuya kukunceda ulawule imeko yakho ye-AVNRT:

• Musa ukusebenzisa amayeza okanye izongezo zokutya ezithengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha.
• Qhubeka ubona oogqirha, njengogqirha wentliziyo yakho, ukuze bahlolwe.
• Thatha onke amayeza owanikwe wona ngokuchanekileyo nangexesha elifanelekileyo.
• Fumana into ebangela i-AVNRT yakho uze uzame ukuyiphepha.
• Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho kwiimpawu zakho (umz., zimbi kakhulu kunangaphambili, zixhaphake kakhulu), xelela ugqirha wakho ngaloo nto.

Ngaba ndingazilolonga ukuba ndine-AVNRT?

Ukuzilolonga kubaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yentliziyo. Uninzi lwabantu abane-AVNRT bayakwazi ukuzilolonga . Nangona kunjalo, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba loluphi uhlobo lokuzilolonga olukulungeleyo kunye nokuba kukho naziphi na imiqathango.

Ndifanele ndifune nini unyango olukhawulezileyo lwe-AVNRT?

Ukuba une-AVNRT, funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu:

• Iintlungu zesifuba .
• Ukuba ukubetha kwentliziyo bekuqhubeka ixesha elide okanye kwenzeka rhoqo .
• Ukuziva utyhafile, unesiyezi, okanye ubuthathaka .
• Ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumla .

Okokugqibela, khumbula oku.

I-AVNRT sisifo esiqhelekileyo sentliziyo. Kule meko, intliziyo iqala ukubetha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kunesiqhelo. Nangona ingasongeli ubomi kwiimeko ezininzi, ezinye iimpawu zinokuba yingxaki. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, ungathandabuzi ukubona ugqirha. Zininzi iindlela zokulawula le meko kwaye ufumane unyango ukuba kuyimfuneko. Nyamekela intliziyo yakho kwaye uhlale usempilweni!

` I-AVNRT, ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, i-SVT, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo, isifo sentliziyo, iintlungu zesifuba, ukuphefumla kancinci, iingxaki zesingqisho sentliziyo