Umntu othile kusapho lwakho, mhlawumbi umama wakho, utata wakho, okanye utatomkhulu notatomkhulu, kusenokwenzeka ukuba usebenzisa amayeza esifo sentliziyo. Phakathi kwala mayeza, kukho uhlobo lwamayeza oluye lwasetyenziswa ixesha elide kwaye lunika amandla akhethekileyo entliziyweni. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngeqela lamayeza abizwa ngokuba yiCardiac Glycosides. Nangona igama lidida kancinci, indlela ezisebenza ngayo ezi zinto kunye neenyaniso ekufuneka sizazi zibaluleke kakhulu.
Ngamafutshane, zithini ezi glycosides zentliziyo?
Ii-cardiac glycosides liqela lamayeza anceda abantu abaneengxaki ezithile zentliziyo. Angafika ngendlela yeepilisi, isiraphu, okanye iikhaphu. Oogqirha badla ngokunika la mayeza ukuba athathwe kanye ngemini, ngexesha elifanayo yonke imihla.
Kuyamangalisa ukuba olu hlobo lweyeza lwaqala ukufunyanwa kwisityalo esidubulayo esibizwa ngokuba yi-"Digitalis" okanye "foxglove." Yiyo loo nto amanye amayeza kweli qela ebizwa ngegama leso sityalo.
Eli yeza lisebenza njani emzimbeni?
Kukho iinyani zesayensi onokuyiqonda le nto, kodwa ndiza kukuchazela ngokulula.
Cinga ngeeseli ezikwimisipha yentliziyo yethu njengeempompo ezincinci. Ngaphakathi kwezi seli kukho izinto ezibizwa ngokuba yi-sodium kunye ne-calcium. Ukulinganisela kwezi zinto kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze intliziyo ibethe ngokufanelekileyo.
1. Ulawulo lweSodium: Xa usela iyeza le-cardiac glycoside, lilawula ukupompa kwesodium kwiiseli zentliziyo. Ngokuchanekileyo, liyimisa loo nkqubo okwethutyana.
2. Ukwanda kwekhalsiyam: Xa ubungakanani besodium ngaphakathi kweeseli busanda, ubungakanani bekhalsiyam ngaphakathi kweeseli buyanda ngokuzenzekelayo xa buphendula.
3. Ukomelela kwesantya sentliziyo: Ngokubetha kwentliziyo nganye, le calcium igqithisileyo iyakhutshwa. Oku kubangela ukuba izihlunu zentliziyo zinciphe ngamandla. Oku kuthetha ukuba inani legazi elimpontshelwa emzimbeni ngokubetha ngakunye (esikubiza ngokuba yiStroke Volume kumayeza) liyakhula.
4. Ukusebenza kakuhle ngokubanzi: Xa inani legazi elimpontshwe ngesantya esinye liyanda, inani elipheleleyo legazi elimpontshwe yintliziyo (elibizwa ngokuba yi -cardiac output ) liyanda. Oku kunceda kakhulu umntu oneemeko ezifana nokusilela kwentliziyo.
Ngamafutshane: eli yeza lisebenza "ngokunyusa" amandla okupompa kwentliziyo.
Ukongeza, la mayeza enza enye into ebalulekileyo. Kukho indawo ekhethekileyo apho imiqondiso yombane elawula ukuhamba kwentliziyo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-Atrioventricular (AV) node . La mayeza anokunciphisa isantya esihamba ngaso loo miqondiso. Oku kunciphisa isantya sentliziyo. Ukuphazamiseka kwerhythm yentliziyo, njenge -Atrial FibrillationOku kuluncedo kakhulu kubantu abanezi meko.
Ziziphi iintlobo ze-glycosides zentliziyo kwaye zeziphi ezisetyenziswa kakhulu?
Kukho amayeza aliqela akweli qela lamayeza.
- I-Digoxin
- Idijithali
- I-Digitoxin
Kwezi, leyo wena, mna, kunye nabo bonke abantu esikhe seva ngayo, kwaye leyo isetyenziswa kakhulu eSri Lanka nakwihlabathi liphela, yiDigoxin . Jonga ukuba eli gama likwiphepha lakho likagqirha.
Ngubani onikwa la mayeza? Kutheni engengowona khetho lokuqala?
Iiglycosides zentliziyo zihlala zinikwa kwiimeko ezimbini eziphambili.
1. Ukusilela kwentliziyo: Imeko apho intliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi elaneleyo emzimbeni.
2. Ukuphazamiseka kwentliziyo (ii-Arrhythmias): Ingakumbi kwiimeko apho izinga lentliziyo linyuka ngokungalawulekiyo, njenge-Atrial Fibrillation.
Kodwa nantsi ingongoma ebalulekileyo ekufuneka siyazi sonke. Kule mihla, iiCardiac Glycosides azilonyango lokuqala olusetyenziswa ngoogqirha. Kwiminyaka engama-20-30 eyadlulayo, zazisetyenziswa kakhulu. Kodwa ngoku, kukho amayeza amatsha akhuselekileyo, aneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa, kwaye afumanekayo.
Ugqirha uza kuqala azame olu hlobo lwamayeza:
- Ii-Beta-blockers
- Izithinteli ze-ACE
- I-Diuretics (amayeza anciphisa amanzi emzimbeni)
- Ii-ARB
Kuphela xa la mayeza engaphumeleli ukulawula isifo okanye ukuba isigulane sinezinye iingxaki, apho ugqirha angasebenzisa iiCardiac Glycosides, ingakumbi iDigoxin, njengenyathelo lesibini okanye lesithathu.
Ngaba oko kuthetha ukuba eli yeza alilungile? Hayi, akunjalo konke konke. Eli yeza liyeza eliyimfuneko, elisindisa ubomi kwabanye abaguli. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba linemingcipheko ethile, oogqirha balinika ngononophelo olukhulu kwaye kuphela kwabo balidinga ngokwenene.
Ngaba siyazazi iingozi kunye nemiphumo emibi?
Xa uthetha ngale mithi, into enye ekufuneka uyiqaphele ngumngcipheko. Kukho umsantsa omncinci kakhulu phakathi kwedosi yonyango kunye nedosi enobuthi yale mithi. Oku kuthetha ukuba nokuba uthatha ngaphezulu kancinci kunedosi ecetyiswayo, usenokufumana iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.
Yingakho ugqirha wakho eza kujonga igazi lakho rhoqo (inqanaba le-serum digoxin) ukuze abone ukuba inqanaba leyeza emzimbeni wakho likwinqanaba elifanelekileyo.
| Uhlobo lwesiphumo esibi | Iimpawu ezinokubakho |
|---|---|
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo |
|
| Iimpawu ezinzulu zokutyhefeka kweziyobisi |
Nceda uqaphele: Ukuba amanqanaba akho e-potassium aphantsi, usemngciphekweni omkhulu weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kweli yeza. Ke ngoko, ugqirha wakho uya kujonga amanqanaba akho e-potassium rhoqo.
Kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza nini?
Ukuba uthatha i-cardiac glycoside, ingakumbi i-Digoxin, kufuneka uqhagamshelane nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo. Ukuba iimpawu zinzima, yiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane.
| Iimpawu ekufuneka uziqaphele | Kwenziwe ntoni? |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla | Funa ingcebiso yezonyango ngoko nangoko. |
| Ukudumba kwamalungu okanye imilenze | Xelela ugqirha. |
| Ukukhathazeka okukhulu kwesisu, isicaphucaphu, okanye urhudo | Funa ingcebiso yezonyango ngoko nangoko. |
| Umnqweno wokutya | Xelela ugqirha. |
| Ukubetha kwentliziyo okucothayo okanye okukhawulezayo ngokungaqhelekanga, okanye ukuziva ngathi utsiba isingqi | Funa ingcebiso yezonyango ngoko nangoko. |
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba iyeza lisebenze?
Emva kokuqalisa eli yeza, kungathatha iiveki ezininzi, okanye inyanga okanye ezimbini, ngaphambi kokuba iimpawu zakho ziqale ukuphucuka. Ngoko ke yiba nomonde kwaye uqhubeke nokuthatha eli yeza njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuxelela.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Ungaze uyeke ukusebenzisa la mayeza ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha wakho, kuba nje ucinga ukuba uzive ungcono. Kwakhona, musa ukuthatha ngaphezu kwedosi emiselweyo. Soloko uthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nendlela amayeza akuchaphazela ngayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ii-cardiac glycosides luhlobo lwamayeza oluye lwasetyenziswa ixesha elide ukwandisa amandla okupompa kwentliziyo kunye nokulawula isantya sentliziyo.
- Nangona la mayeza engasetyenziswa njengamayeza okuqala namhlanje, kodwa ayimfuneko kakhulu kwabanye abaguli.
- Ekubeni umsantsa phakathi kwedosi emiselweyo yeyeza kunye nedosi ebangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga umncinci, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha idosi kanye njengoko ugqirha emyalele.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana nokucaphuka, utshintsho embonweni (umbono otyheli/oluhlaza), okanye ukungahambelani kwesantya sentliziyo, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Musa ukuyeka ukuthatha amayeza okanye ukutshintsha idosi ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha nangasiphi na isizathu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya kwiikliniki kwaye wenze uvavanyo lwegazi ngexesha.
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