Siyazi ukuba eyona minqweno mikhulu kuni nonke, njengomama, kukuzala umntwana osempilweni noza kuzalwa ixesha elide. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, kunokuvela iingxaki esingazange sizicinge. I-Anencephaly yingongoma ebucayi kakhulu ukuyiva. Le yingxaki yokuzalwa eyenzeka xa ingqondo yomntwana kunye nentloko yakhe zingakhuli kakuhle. Intlungu kunye nokothuka okuzivayo xa ufunda ngento efana nale kungaphaya kwamagama. Kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uyiqonde le meko ngokuchanekileyo nangokulula. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale meko ebizwa ngokuba yi-Anencephaly.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Anencephaly?
I-Anencephaly sisifo sokuzalwa esenzeka xa umntwana ezalwa. Kule meko, ezinye iindawo ezibalulekileyo zengqondo yomntwana kunye nentloko yakhe azikhuli. Esi sisifo esibi kakhulu esichaphazela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo yomntwana.
Khawuthelekelele, kwinyanga yokuqala yokukhulelwa, ingqondo yomntwana, ukhakhayi, umqolo, kunye nomqolo ziqala ukwakheka. Ezi zinto zenziwa ngendlela ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-'neural tube'. Le tube kufuneka ivaleke, njenge-zipper. Kwimeko ye-anencephaly, inxalenye ephezulu yale tube ye-neural, apho ingqondo kunye nokhakhayi zenzeka khona, ayivaleki kakuhle. Yiyo loo nto ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-neural tube defect .
Ingqondo ilawula yonke into ebomini bethu, isigcina siphila. Ngoko ke kunzima ukuba umntwana aphile ngaphandle kweendawo eziphambili zengqondo. Ngoko ke, abantwana abazalwa benesifo sokuphefumla banokuphila imizuzu embalwa, iiyure okanye iintsuku ezimbalwa. Uninzi lwexesha, ukukhulelwa okunjalo kuphelisa ukuphuphuma kwesisu okanye ukuzalwa komntwana eswelekile.
Siyazi ukuba kunzima kakhulu ukuba ukwazi oku. Kodwa oku akusiyongxaki yakho. Le yingxaki eyenzeka kwiiveki zokuqala zokukhulelwa, xa usenokungazi nokuba ukhulelwe.
Ngaba kukho iintlobo eziphambili ze-anencephaly?
Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili ze-anencephaly. Zonke ezi ntlobo zintathu zinempembelelo enkulu kakhulu kubomi bomntwana.
| Uhlobo lwe-anencephaly | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| I-Meroanencephaly | Kolu hlobo, iindawo ze-brainstem kunye ne-midbrain zikhula kancinci. Kusenokubakho ulusu kunye nentloko egqume ubuchopho. |
| I-Holoanencephaly | Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo. Ingqondo ayiphuhli konke konke. |
| I-Craniorachischisis | Olu lolona hlobo lunzima kakhulu. Apha, ingqondo, ukhakhayi, kunye nomqolo azikakhuli ngokupheleleyo. |
Ziziphi iimpawu ezinokubona le meko?
Le meko inokubonwa kwangethuba ngovavanyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Oogqirha bayayiqwalasela le nto.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Inqanaba leprotheyini egazini likamama elibizwa ngokuba yi-alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) liphezulu kakhulu. Olu luvavanyo oludla ngokwenziwa kwikota yesibini yokukhulelwa.
- Ukuskena: Ubungakanani bolwelo lwe-amniotic olujikeleze umntwana lunokuba phezulu kakhulu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -polyhydramnios . Kwakhona, ukuskena nge-ultrasound kunokubonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba iindawo ezithile zentloko yomntwana kunye nengqondo azikho.
- Inkangeleko yomntwana: Xa ezalwa, ungaphawula ukuba iindawo ezithile zekhaka lomntwana azikho, izicubu zobuchopho ziyabonakala, kwaye intloko incinci kunokuba bekulindelwe.
Umntwana osandul’ ukuzalwa uziva njani?
Le yinto ebuhlungu ngendlela engenakucingelwa kumama okanye kutata. Kwiintsana ezizelwe zinesi simo:
- Akukho ngqondo.
- Akukho mbono.
- Akukho ngxoxo.
- Andiziva ntlungu.
Ngamanye amaxesha, iintsana ezine-brainstem ephuhlileyo zingabonisa ukusabela okuthile xa zichukunyiswa. Izinto ezifana nokuphefumla, ukuhambisa amalungu azo. Ukubona ezi zinto, ungafumana ingcamango yokuba umntwana uyasiva. Kodwa asiyonto eyenziwa ngabom. Yinto eyenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo. Ngenxa yokuba iindawo ezinkulu zobuchopho azikho, umntwana akaziva okanye akaqondi nto.
Ziziphi izizathu kunye nezinto ezibangela ukungabikho kwe-anencephaly?
Akunakwenzeka ukutsho ngqo ukuba yintoni ebangela i-anencephaly, kodwa kuye kwachongwa izinto ezininzi ezinokubangela loo nto.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba le meko ayiqhelekanga ukufunyanwa njengelifa. Oku kuthetha ukuba inokwenzeka ngengozi, nokuba akukho mntu kusapho lwakhe wakha waba nayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukhe waba nomntwana wangaphambili one-neural tube defect (njenge-spina bifida), umngcipheko wokuba umntwana wakho olandelayo abe nale meko ifanayo uphezulu kancinci. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto.
| Into enobungozi | Inkcazo kunye nento omawuyenze |
|---|---|
| Ukunqongophala kwe-Folic Acid | Le yeyona nto iphambili neyona nto inokuthintelwa. I-folic acid luhlobo lwe-vitamin B9. Kubalulekile ukufumana i-folic acid eyaneleyo ukususela ngexesha ozama ukukhulelwa nakwinyanga ezi-3 zokuqala zokukhulelwa. Thatha idosi ecetyiswayo (ngesiqhelo i-400 mcg) yonke imihla njengoko kucetyisiwe ngugqirha wakho. |
| Isifo seswekile | Ukuba umama unesifo seswekile esingalawulekiyo, naso singumngcipheko. Kubalulekile ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini ngaphambi kokukhulelwa. |
| Amanye amayeza | Amayeza okuxhuzula, iintloko ezibuhlungu, kunye nezinye izifo zengqondo (ezifana ne-valproic acid) anokunyusa lo mngcipheko. Ukuba usela naliphi na iyeza, thetha nogqirha wakho ngalo mbandela kwangoko nje ukuba uceba ukukhulelwa. Musa ukuyeka ukuthatha naliphi na iyeza ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho. |
| Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi | Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezifana nee-opioids kwiinyanga ezimbini zokuqala zokukhulelwa kunokubangela iziphene ze-neural tube. |
Le meko ifunyanwa njani ngexesha lokukhulelwa?
Xa usiya ekliniki ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwakho, oogqirha baya kwenza uvavanyo oluninzi ukuze bafumane iziphene zokuzalwa. Olu vavanyo lunceda kakhulu ekufumaneni i-anencephaly.
- Isikrini seQuad Marker: Olu luvavanyo olwenziwa egazini likamama. Lujonga izinto ezifana namanqanaba e-AFP ukuze kufunyanwe umbono weziphene zetyhubhu yemithambo-luvo kunye nezinye iimeko zemfuza.
- I-ultrasound scan: Le yindlela esetyenziswa kakhulu. I-anomaly scan, eyenziwa phakathi kweeveki ezili-18 ukuya kwezingama-20, ihlola ukhakhayi lomntwana, ubuchopho, kunye nomqolo. Ukuba kukho i-anencephaly, inokubonwa ngokucacileyo ngolu vavanyo. Ngamanye amaxesha inokubonwa kwangethuba, malunga neeveki ezisi-8 ukuya kwezili-12.
- I-MRI yosana olusesiswini (iMagnetic Resonance Imaging): Ukuba iskeni ibonisa naziphi na iingxaki, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa i-MRI ukuze kufundwe ubuchopho kunye nomqolo ngokunzulu.
- I-Amniocentesis: Kolu vavanyo, kuthathwa isampulu encinci kakhulu yolwelo lwe-amniotic olujikeleze usana kwaye luvavanywe. Ukuba inqanaba le-AFP kolo lwelo liphezulu, isenokuba luphawu lwesiphene setyhubhu ye-neural.
Ngaba ikhona indlela yokunyanga oku?
Le yinyaniso ebuhlungu yale ngongoma. Akukho nyango okanye unyango lwe-anencephaly. Yimeko engahambelaniyo nobomi.
Xa uxilongwa ngolu hlobo, oogqirha kunye nabasebenzi basesibhedlele baya kukunika wena kunye nosapho lwakho inkxaso yeemvakalelo oyifunayo. Baza kukuchazela imeko, bathethe ngeendlela onokukhetha kuzo, baze bakuncede ngeli xesha linzima.
Usenokuba nexhala lokuba umntwana wakho uza kuva iintlungu. Kodwa njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, abantwana abane-anencephaly abaziva iintlungu kuba iindawo ezibalulekileyo zobuchopho azikho. Ngoko ke ungakhathazeki ngaloo nto.
Ngaba ikho into enokwenziwa ukuthintela olu hlobo lwemeko?
Nangona kungenakwenzeka ukuyithintela ngokupheleleyo, kukho izinto onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho. Ezi zibaluleke ngakumbi ukuba uceba ukukhulelwa kwakhona.
- Thatha i-folic acid: Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Qala ukuthatha i-400 mcg (ii-microgram) ze-folic acid imihla ngemihla ubuncinane kwiinyanga ezi-3 ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Ekubeni iziphene ze-neural tube zenzeka kwiiveki zokuqala zokukhulelwa, kubalulekile ukuthatha i-folic acid ukususela ngexesha ozama ukukhulelwa ngalo. Ukuba ukhe waba nomntwana one-neural tube defect ngaphambili, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa idosi ephezulu ye-folic acid.
- Funa ingcebiso kagqirha (Ingcebiso Ngaphambi Kokukhulelwa):Ukuba uceba ukukhulelwa, bonana nogqirha ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Thetha ngamayeza owasebenzisayo, naziphi na ezinye iingxaki zempilo onazo (ezifana nesifo seswekile), kwaye ufumane ulwalathiso olufunekayo ukuze ukhulelwe kakuhle.
- Indlela yokuphila esempilweni: Yitya ukutya okunesondlo, kuphephe utywala nokutshaya. Ukunyamekela impilo yakho kakuhle kuchaphazela ngqo impilo yomntwana wakho.
Usizi kunye nokothuka kokulahlekelwa ngumntwana onje kunokuba yinto engaphaya kwamandla akho. Kubalulekile ukuba nomntu onokuthetha naye kwaye wabelane naye ngeemvakalelo zakho. Thetha nomyeni wakho, usapho, kunye nabahlobo. Ukuba ufuna uncedo, ungathandabuzi ukufuna uncedo kwingcali yezempilo yengqondo. Ukujoyina amaqela enkxaso nabanye abazali abaye badlula kumava afanayo nako kunokuba ngumthombo omkhulu wamandla.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Anencephaly sisiphene esibi kakhulu sokuzalwa esibangelwa kukungakhuli kakuhle kwengqondo yomntwana kunye nokhakhayi lwakhe.
- Akukho nyango lwale meko, kwaye ayihambelani nobomi bomntwana.
- Asikuko oku kubangelwa ngabazali. Yingxaki eyenzeka kwangethuba kakhulu xa umntwana ekhulelwe.
- Ukusela i-folic acid ngaphambi kokukhulelwa kunokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wezi ziphene ze-neural tube.
- Ukuba uceba ukukhulelwa, ingakumbi ukuba ukhe waba nomntwana onesiphene se-neural tube, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nogqirha wakho uze ufumane icebiso elifunekayo.
- Ukuba kunzima ukujamelana nentlungu elandela ukulahlekelwa ngolu hlobo, ungathandabuzi ukufuna inkxaso kusapho, kubahlobo, okanye kumcebisi oqeqeshiweyo.
💬 Comments (0)
Akukho zimvo zithunyelweyo okwangoku. Faka uluvo lwakho apha okokuqala.
Faka uluvo lwakho