Kuqhelekile ukuziva usoyika kwaye wothukile xa wena okanye umntu omaziyo enomhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu uze emva koko ufumanise ukuba usasazeke esibindini. Oogqirha babiza eli nqanaba lomhlaza we-metastatic, okanye umhlaza wesigaba sesi-IV. Ngamanye amaxesha umhlaza usenokuba usasazeke esibindini xa ufunyaniswa okokuqala. Okanye, umhlaza usenokubuya usasazeke esibindini emva konyango. Kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva usoyika xa usiva oku, kodwa ungakhathazeki. Ngonyango oluphambili lwanamhlanje, unokulawula iimpawu zakho, uphucule umgangatho wobomi bakho, kwaye uphile ixesha elide. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha.
Zithini iimpawu zale meko?
Iimpawu zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu bomhlaza kunye nendawo osasazeke kuyo emzimbeni. Okumangalisayo kukuba, abanye abantu abanazo naziphi na iimpawu nokuba umhlaza wabo wamathumbu usasazeke esibindini. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezinokubonakala.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ezi mpawu zinokubonakala nakwezinye iimeko zonyango. Ngoko ke ungoyiki ukuba nenye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha wakho uze ufumane ingcebiso.
Itheyibhile engezantsi ibonisa ezinye zezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Igazi esitulweni | Igazi elimnyama okanye elibomvu elixutywe kwindle. |
| Intlungu kwicala lasekunene lesisu | Ekubeni isibindi sikwicala eliphezulu lasekunene lesisu, unokufumana iintlungu okanye ukungakhululeki okungaqhelekanga kuloo ndawo. |
| Ukudumba | Isisu siphuma phambili ngenxa yokudumba kwesibindi okanye ulwelo esiswini. |
| Ukudinwa rhoqo kunye nokudinwa | Ukuziva udiniwe kakhulu, udiniwe, kwaye ugula ngaphandle kwesizathu. |
| Ukunciphisa umzimba ngequbuliso | Ukunciphisa umzimba ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle komzamo. |
Indlela yokuxilonga ngokuchanekileyo isifo?
Ukuze aqiniseke ukuba umhlaza wakho wamathumbu usasazeke esibindini sakho, ugqirha wakho uza kwenza uvavanyo olumbalwa. Okokuqala, baza kukubuza imibuzo embalwa. Emva koko, baza kuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi ukujonga ukusebenza kwesibindi sakho kunye nezinye izikeni ukuze babone ukuba uphi kanye umhlaza kwaye mkhulu kangakanani.
| Uvavanyo | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-CT Scan (i-Computed Tomography) | Olu luhlobo olunamandla lwe-X-ray. Lungathatha imifanekiso ecacileyo neneenkcukacha zangaphakathi lomzimba. |
| Iskeni se-MRI (Umfanekiso weMagnetic Resonance) | Isebenzisa iimagnethi ezinamandla kunye namaza erediyo ukuvelisa imifanekiso ecacileyo yamalungu omzimba kunye nezicubu zomzimba. |
| Iskeni yePET (iPositron Emission Tomography) | Into ene-radioactive ifakwa emzimbeni ukuze ichonge iindawo apho kukho iiseli ezinesifo, ezifana neeseli zomhlaza. |
| Uvavanyo lwesibindi (uvavanyo lweqhekeza elincinci lesibindi) | Ugqirha uthatha iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesicwili esibindini aze alihlole ngemakroskopu ukuze abone ukuba linazo na iiseli zomhlaza. |
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango?
Into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyiqonde apha kukuba nokuba umhlaza usasazeke esibindini, ezo seli zomhlaza ziseziseli zomhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu , kungekhona iiseli zomhlaza wesibindi. Ke ngoko, uya kuphathwa ngendlela efanayo naleyo ubuya kuphathwa ngayo umhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu. Kusenokufuneka ufumane unyango olunye okanye ngaphezulu ngaxeshanye.
Utyando
Nanini na xa kunokwenzeka, unyango oluphambili kukususa umhlaza ngotyando. Ugqirha uzama ukususa umhlaza omninzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwisibindi nakwikholoni. Ukuba kukho umhlaza omnye kuphela esibindini, amathuba okusinda emva kotyando aphezulu kakhulu.
Unyango ngamakhemikhali
Oku kukwaziwa sonke njenge-'chemo'. I-chemo inganikwa ngaphambi kotyando ukuze kuncitshiswe iiseli zomhlaza ukuze zisuswe lula. I-chemo inganikwa emva kotyando ukuze kubulawe naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza eziseleyo.
Unyango lweMisebe
Unyango lwemitha lusebenzisa ii-X-reyi ezinamandla aphezulu ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza. Lusetyenziswa ukuba utyando alukwazi ukususa ithumba okanye ukunciphisa iimpawu.
- Ukwenziwa kwe-Radioembolization: Kule meko, iintsimbi ezincinci ze-radioactive zithunyelwa ngegazi ukuya kwimithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi kumhlaza wesibindi. Ezi ziya apho kwaye zikhuphe i-radiation kuphela apho kukho umhlaza.
- I-Brachytherapy: Kule nto, izinto ezincinci ezine-radioactive zithunyelwa ngqo kwi-tumor kusetyenziswa ityhubhu kwaye zishiywe apho imizuzu embalwa.
Unyango olujoliswe kulo
La ngamayeza amatsha, aphucukileyo. Ngokungafaniyo ne-chemo eqhelekileyo, la mayeza ajolise ngqo kwiimolekyuli ezithile ezinceda iiseli zomhlaza zikhule kwaye zisasazeke. Oku kubangela umonakalo omncinci kwiiseli ezisempilweni. I-Cetuximab (Erbitux) kunye ne-Bevacizumab (Avastin) zimbini zezo ziyobisi.
Unyango lwe-immunotherapy
Olu lunyango oluphambili kakhulu. Ngamafutshane, la mayeza anceda amajoni omzimba wakho ukuba abone kwaye ahlasele iiseli zomhlaza. I-Nivolumab (Opdivo) kunye nePembrolizumab (Keytruda) zimizekelo yala mayeza.
Ufanele uzinyamekele njani?
Ukuphila nomhlaza yimfazwe enkulu, emzimbeni nasengqondweni. Kubalulekile ukuba uzikhathalele kakuhle ngeli xesha.
- Phumla kwaye ulale: Phumla ngokwaneleyo ukuze ulwe nokudinwa.
- Isondlo: Ngexesha lonyango, kunokuba nzima ukuba umzimba wakho ukwazi ukufunxa izondlo. Ngoko ke, cela ugqirha wakho ukuba adibane nengcali yezondlo. Banokukunceda wenze isicwangciso sokutya esiza kukunika iikhalori nezondlo ozifunayo.
- Impilo Yengqondo:Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Thetha nomhlobo othembekileyo okanye ilungu losapho malunga neemvakalelo zakho, uloyiko lwakho, kunye nokuxhalaba kwakho. Basenokungazi ukuba bangakunceda njani. Ngoko ke baxelele into oyifunayo. Babuze, "Ndiziva ndidakumbile namhlanje. Ungandiphulaphula?" Buza ugqirha wakho malunga nabacebisi kunye nabasebenzi bezentlalo abanokukunceda.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika xa ufumanisa ukuba umhlaza wakho wamathumbu usasazeke esibindini sakho. Nangona kunjalo, ngonyango lwanamhlanje, kukho ithemba.
- Le meko iphathwa njengomhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu, hayi njengomhlaza wesibindi.
- Injongo ephambili yonyango kukulawula umhlaza, ukunciphisa iimpawu, nokukunceda uphile ixesha elide ngomgangatho olungileyo wobomi .
- Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngayo yonke into. Buza ngemibuzo yakho kunye noloyiko lwakho.
- Ngexesha lonyango, kubalulekile ukuzinyamekela kakuhle, emzimbeni nasengqondweni. Gxila kwisondlo, ukuphumla, kunye nokuphila kakuhle kwengqondo.
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