Ngaba ufumana imvakalelo yokutsha esifubeni sakho xa usitya? Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva incasa emuncu emqaleni wakho? Okanye ngaba unengxaki yokuginya ukutya? Ezi ziimpawu abantu abaninzi abanazo, kodwa bazilahla nje ngokuba "yi-gastritis". Nangona kunjalo, ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zengxaki kumbhobho wethu wokutya, oko kukuthi, umqala. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngeengxaki ze-Esophageal.
Ngamafutshane, zithini ezi zifo zomqala?
Kulungile, masiqale siqonde ukuba yintoni i-esophagus. Sikwayibiza ngokuba "yipayipi yokutya." Kalula nje, le yityhubhu eyenziwe ngezihlunu ezithwala ukutya ukusuka emlonyeni ukuya esiswini (esiswini). Xa siginya ukutya, le tyhubhu yiyo etyhala ukutya esiswini sethu.
Ngoko ke, i-Esophageal Disorders zizifo ezahlukeneyo kunye neemeko ezichaphazela ukusebenza kwale mphunga kwaye ziphazamise ukusebenza kwayo. Oku kunokubangela iingxaki ezininzi ezifana nobunzima bokuginya ukutya (i-dysphagia) kunye ne-heartburn. Phakathi kwezi, esona sifo siqhelekileyo esiye seva ngaso yi -GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease) . Makhe sithethe ngaloo nto kamva.
Ziziphi izifo eziphambili ezinokuvela kwi-esophagus?
Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zezifo ezichaphazela umqala. Ezinye ziqhelekile, ezinye aziqhelekanga kangako. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uziqonde kancinci ezi. Masizijonge ngendlela elula ukuyiqonda.
| Imeko | Ngamafutshane, oku kwenzekayo. |
|---|---|
| I-GERD (Isifo se-Gastroesophageal Reflux) | Le yeyona meko ixhaphakileyo. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba ivalvu (i-sphincter) ephakathi komqala kunye nesisu ayivaleki kakuhle. Ngenxa yoko, i-asidi yesisu kunye namaqhekeza okutya abuyela phezulu, oko kukuthi, ecaleni komqala aze aye emqaleni. Ukutshisa kwentliziyo luphawu oluphambili lwale nto. |
| I-Achalasia | Okwenzekayo apha kukuba ivalvu ekhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla (i-sphincter esezantsi ye-esophageal) ayivuli kakuhle. Oko kuthetha ukuba ayiphumli. Ngoko ke ukutya akunakungena esiswini, kuyabhajwa kwi-esophagus. Nangona unobangela ochanekileyo woku ungaziwa, kucingelwa ukuba kungenxa yomonakalo kwimithambo-luvo elawula izihlunu kwi-esophagus. |
| Umphimbo kaBarrett | Kubantu abane-GERD abangakhange banyangwe ixesha elide, iiseli ezikwinxalenye esezantsi ye-esophagus ziqala ukutshintsha ngenxa ye-asidi engapheliyo ephumayo. Zifana kakhulu neeseli esiswini okanye emathunjini. Le yimeko eyingozi, njengoko inyusa umngcipheko womhlaza we-esophagus. |
| I-Eosinophilic esophagitis | Okwenzekayo koku kukuba uhlobo lweseli emhlophe yegazi ebizwa ngokuba yi-eosinophils luqokelelana kwimigudu yomoya. Olu luhlobo lweseli oludla ngokwanda kwi-allergies. Xa ezi seli ziqokelelana, ingaphakathi lemigudu yomoya liyadumba (ukudumba). Le meko ixhaphakile kubantu abane-allergies ezahlukeneyo. |
| Umhlaza wesisu | Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili: i-Squamous cell carcinoma kunye ne -Adenocarcinoma . Ukutshaya, ukusebenzisa utywala kakhulu, i-GERD yexesha elide, kunye nosulelo oluthile lwentsholongwane (HPV) kwandisa umngcipheko wokufumana le mihlaza. |
| I-Esophageal diverticulum | Le yinto ebizwa ngokuba yingxowa encinci ephuma kwindawo ebuthathaka eludongeni lomqala. Xa usitya, iziqwenga ezincinci zokutya zinokunamathela ngaphakathi kwesi sikhwama. |
| Ukuqaqamba komlomo | Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukufinyela okungaqhelekanga, okubuhlungu nokukhawulezileyo kwemisipha esemqaleni. Le yimeko engaqhelekanga. Oku kwenza kube nzima ukuba ukutya kudlulele esiswini. |
| Ukuqina komlomo | Umqala uba mxinwa kakhulu. Oku kunokwenzeka ngenxa yamanxeba ayenzekayo njengoko umqala uphola emva komonakalo wexesha elide ovela kwi-acid reflux (GERD). Oku kwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuba ukutya nokusela kudlule. |
| Iihernias zeHiatal | Umngxuma omncinci kwi-diaphragm, umsipha owahlula isifuba nesisu sethu, apho inxalenye ephezulu yesisu iphuma khona esifubeni. Oku kwandisa kakhulu ukuthambekela kwe-asidi yokubuyela umva. |
Ziziphi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wokufumana ezi zifo?
Kulungile, ngoku siyazi ukuba zeziphi iintlobo zezifo. Kutheni ke ngoko zisenzeka? Kukho izinto ezininzi ezibangela umngcipheko wokufumana ezi zifo.
- Ukusela utywala kakhulu: Utywala bungonakalisa ulwelo lomqala.
- Ubunzima bomzimba obugqithisileyo: Ngenxa yoxinzelelo oluphezulu esiswini ngexesha lokutyeba kakhulu okanye ukukhulelwa, kukho ithuba elikhulu lokuba okungaphakathi esiswini kuya kuphuma.
- Amayeza athile: Amanye amayeza okudambisa iintlungu, amayeza okudakumba, kunye namanye amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane anokuchaphazela umphimbo.
- Ukutshaya: Ukutshaya kunye nokutshaya umsi ophuma komnye umntu kunokwenza buthathaka iivalvu ezikumphimbo kwaye kwandise umngcipheko womhlaza.
- Unyango ngemitha: Ukuba ufumene unyango ngemitha kwimeko efana nomhlaza entanyeni okanye esifubeni, oko kunokuchaphazeleka.
Ngaba nawe unazo ezi mpawu?
Iimpawu zezifo zomqala ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko engundoqo. Kodwa kukho ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo onokuzibona. Jonga ukuba unayo na enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi.
Khumbula, ayinguye wonke umntu onezi mpawu onesifo esinzulu, kodwa bubulumko ukuzazi ezi zinto uze ufumane ingcebiso kugqirha.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Isitshiso sentliziyo | Ukutsha embindini wesifuba. Olu luphawu oluphambili lwe-GERD. |
| Ubunzima bokuginya | Ukuziva ngathi kukho iqhuma emqaleni xa uginya ukutya. Kuvakala ngathi kukho iqhekeza lokutya elingaginywanga. |
| Ukubuyela esibhedlele | I-asidi yesisu okanye amasuntswana okutya angagaywanga abuyela emphinjeni okanye emlonyeni. |
| Intlungu yesifuba, isisu, okanye umqolo | Le ntlungu inokwenzeka ingakumbi emva kokutya. |
| Ukukhwehlela ixesha elide okanye umphimbo obuhlungu | Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo ngaphandle komkhuhlane, ukuziva ngathi kukho iqhuma emqaleni, kunye nelizwi elitshothozayo. |
| Ukuhla ukusinda | Ukuba unciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu okanye ngaphandle komzamo, yinto ekufuneka uyixhalabele. |
Ugqirha usifumanisa njani esi sifo?
Xa usiya kugqirha oneempawu ezinjalo, uza kuqala akubuze ngeempawu zakho ngokweenkcukacha. Emva koko uza kukuhlola. Ngamanye amaxesha unokuziva nomphimbo wakho ngelixa uginya.
Ugqirha wakho angacebisa ukuba kwenziwe olunye uvavanyo ukuze kufunyaniswe ukuba sisifo sini na kanye. Ungakhathazeki, olu luvavanyo oluqhelekileyo.
- I-endoscopy ephezulu: Oku kuquka ukufaka ikhamera encinci esiphelweni sombhobho omncinci noguquguqukayo ngomlomo wakho ukuze kuhlolwe umphimbo, isisu, kunye nenxalenye yokuqala yamathumbu akho amancinci. Iqhekeza elincinci lesicubu (i-biopsy) linokuthathwa kwindawo ekrokrisayo ukuze kuhlolwe iiseli zomhlaza okanye ezinye izifo.
- I-Barium swallow: Apha uza kunikwa ulwelo olubizwa ngokuba yi-barium ukuze ulusele. Olu lwelo lubonakala lumhlophe kwi-X-ray. Njengoko ulusela, kuthathwa uthotho lwemifanekiso ye-X-ray. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ubone ngokucacileyo indlela olu lwelo luhamba ngayo kwi-esophagus yakho nokuba luvalekile okanye lunciphile naphi na.
- I-manometry ye-Esophageal:Oku kulinganisa indlela ezisebenza kakuhle ngayo izihlunu ezikwi-esophagus yakho kunye ne-valve (i-sphincter) xa uginya ulwelo.
- Uvavanyo lwe-pH ye-Esophageal: Olu vavanyo lulinganisa ubungakanani be-asidi (pH) kwi-esophagus. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho i-GERD.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Iindlela zonyango zixhomekeke kwimeko yakho. Asinguye wonke umntu onikwa unyango olufanayo.
Amayeza
Amaxesha amaninzi, utshintsho lwendlela yokuphila kunye namayeza luyacetyiswa kuqala.
- Ii-antacids, ii-Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), ii-H2 blockers: La mayeza asebenza ngokunciphisa ubungakanani be-asidi eveliswa esiswini. Oku kunciphisa umonakalo kunye nokudumba okubangelwa yi-asidi kwi-esophagus, nokuba iyavela.
- Iinaliti zeBotulinum toxin (Botox®): Le naliti ngamanye amaxesha isetyenziselwa ukunqanda ukuqaqamba kwemisipha kwi-esophagus okanye ukukhulula ivalvu.
Ezinye iindlela zonyango kunye notyando
Kwimeko apho amayeza ewodwa engenakukwazi ukulawula imeko, okanye kwiimeko ezinzima ngakumbi, kunokufuneka ezinye iindlela zonyango.
- Ukwandiswa kwe-Endoscopic: Inkqubo apho kufakwa khona ityhubhu kwaye umphimbo onciphileyo unwetshwa ngokuwufutha ngento efana nebhaluni, efana ne-endoscopy.
- Ukususwa kwe-Esophagectomy: Ukususwa kwenxalenye enesifo okanye yonke i-esophagus ngotyando. Oku kudla ngokwenziwa kwiimeko zomhlaza.
- Utyando lwe-Laparoscopic antireflux (Nissen fundoplication): Olu lutyando olwenzelwa i-GERD okanye iimeko ze-hiatal hernia. Kule meko, inxalenye ephezulu yesisu ijikeleziswa kwinxalenye esezantsi ye-esophagus, iqinisa ivalvu.
- I-Heller myotomy kunye ne-POEM (i-Peroral endoscopic myotomy): Ezi ziindlela zonyango lweemeko ezifana ne-Achalasia. Oku kubandakanya ukusika izihlunu kwi-sphincter esezantsi ye-esophageal, ukuyiphumza kunye nokuvumela ukutya ukuba kudlule ngokulula esiswini.
Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ukuba azinyangwanga
Ukuba ezi zifo azinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, ngamanye amaxesha ingxaki inokuba mandundu.
- Ukuba iimeko ezifana neGERD kunye neAchalasia azinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza womqala uyanda ngokuhamba kwexesha.
- Ngenxa yokurhawuzelelwa, amasuntswana okutya anokuhamba ngemibhobho yomoya aye emiphungeni. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-aspiration. Oku kunokubangela usulelo lwemiphunga olufana ne-pneumonia .
- Xa ubunzima bokuginya buqhubeka, ukutya kunokuncipha, nto leyo ekhokelela ekungondlekini kakuhle nasekuphelelweni ngamanzi emzimbeni .
Izinto esinokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko
Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nale meko. Ezi zinto ziya kukunceda kakhulu, ingakumbi ekulawuleni iimeko ezifana ne-GERD.
- Tshintsha indlela otya ngayo:Endaweni yokutya isidlo esikhulu ngaxeshanye, yitya izidlo ezincinci ezininzi imini yonke. Yitya isidlo sakho esiphambili ubuncinane iiyure ezi-3 ngaphambi kokuba ulale. Musa ukutya ukutya okulula emva kokuba ugqibile ukutya.
- Ziphephe ezinye iintlobo zokutya neziselo: Ukutya okunamafutha amaninzi, okuneziqholo, isosi yetumato, iziqhamo zecitrus (iiorenji, iitangerines), itshokholethi, ikofu, kunye neziselo ezine-carbonated (isoda) kunokwenza iimpawu zibe zimbi ngakumbi. Zinciphise.
- Indawo yokulala: Xa ulele, gcina intloko yebhedi iphakanyisiwe malunga ne-1.5-2.5 yeesentimitha. Oku kungenziwa ngokubeka into efana nesiqwenga somthi phantsi kwemilenze yebhedi. Ukuphakamisa intloko yakho ngeepillow ezimbini okanye ezintathu akuyi kwenza nto ingako.
- Yeka imikhwa emibi: Ukuba uyatshaya, cela uncedo lokuyeka. Nciphisa utywala obuselayo.
- Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni: Lawula ubunzima bomzimba wakho. Zilolonge rhoqo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Musa ukuzityeshela iimpawu ezifana neentlungu zesifuba, ubunzima bokuginya, kunye nomphimbo omuncu njengesiqhelo. Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zosulelo lomphimbo.
- Phakathi kwezi zifo, i-GERD yeyona ixhaphakileyo, kwaye imbangela yayo yindlela esiphila ngayo engafanelekanga kunye nemikhwa yokutya.
- Uninzi lwezi mpawu lunokulawulwa ngokutshintsha indlela yokuphila kunye nendlela yokutya.
- Ukuba uqhubeka uneempawu ezinje, musa ukwenza nantoni na oyifunayo, kodwa qiniseka ukuba ubonana nogqirha ofanelekileyo ukuze akuxilonge kwaye akunyange ngokufanelekileyo.
- Ukuba azinyangwa, ezinye iimeko zinokukhula zibe ziimeko ezinzulu ngakumbi, ezifana nomhlaza. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuthatha amanyathelo ngokukhawuleza.
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