Ngaba wakha waziva wonwabile xa umntwana wakho ezama ukuphakamisa intloko yakhe? Okanye uvuyo oluvayo xa ephakama ngaphandle koncedo lomntu, eqala ukuhamba... Kukho inkqubo emangalisayo yesayensi emva kwayo yonke le nto. Ezi zinto azizenzekeli nje. Ezi zizinto ezibalulekileyo kakhulu ekukhuleni komntwana. Namhlanje siza kuthetha 'ngezakhono zoMzimba oPheleleyo' ekufuneka wonke umzali azi ngazo.
Zithini ezi Zikhono Zokusebenza Ngombane Ezipheleleyo?
Eli gama lisenokuvakala lingaqhelekanga. Kodwa lilula kakhulu. Igama elithi "Gross" lithetha 'elikhulu'. Igama elithi "Motor" lithetha 'intshukumo'. Ngoko ke, ukuze kube lula, izakhono zokunyakaza komzimba zizinto ezinkulu esizenzayo sisebenzisa izihlunu ezinkulu emizimbeni yethu, oko kukuthi, izihlunu ezisemilenzeni, ezingalweni, nasemzimbeni ongasentla. Cinga ngezinto ezinjengokuhamba, ukushukumisa iingalo zakho. Ezi zizakhono zokunyakaza komzimba.
Ukuze intshukumo enkulu efana nale yenzeke ngokufanelekileyo, amalungu aliqela omzimba wethu kufuneka ahlangane aze asebenze ngokulungelelaniswa okugqibeleleyo. Oko kuthetha ukuba:
- Izihlunu zamathambo: Ezi zinika amandla kunye namandla afunekayo ukwenza iintshukumo.
- Amathambo: Le yifreyimu apho izihlunu zethu zinamathele khona.
- Iimithambo-luvo: Iimithambo-luvo zizithunywa ezithwala imiyalezo esuka engqondweni ukuya kwizihlunu, zixelela ukuba "zihambe ngale ndlela, ngeli xesha."
Ukongeza kwezi zinto, kukho nezinye izinto ezininzi ezinxulumene noku:
- Ibhalansi yomzimba
- Ulungelelwaniso phakathi kwamalungu omzimba
- Ukuqonda umzimba kunye nokuqonda indawo
- Ixesha lokuphendula
Nangona ezi ngxaki zinzima zezakhono zomzimba zinokwenzeka nakweyiphi na iminyaka, njengoogqirha nabazali, sizinika ingqalelo ekhethekileyo xa sithetha ngophuhliso lwabantwana. Kuba ukuba umntwana ufika emva kwexesha ekudluleni kwezi zigaba zophuhliso, oko kunokuba luphawu lwezinye iimeko zemithambo-luvo. Ngoko ke, okukhona siqaphela ezi zinto ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona sinokunika umntwana wethu uncedo aludingayo ngokukhawuleza.
Ziziphi imizekelo yeZakhono zoMzimba eziGqibeleleyo?
Ngoku mhlawumbi ucinga, "Kulungile, ngoko ke zithini kanye kanye ezi zakhono zokusebenzisa imisipha?" Jonga zonke ezi zinto sizenzayo kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla. Zonke ezi zakhono zokusebenzisa imisipha.
| Iintshukumo eziqhelekileyo zemihla ngemihla | Izakhono ezifuna ulungelelwaniso |
|---|---|
| Ukuma | Ukuphosa nokubamba ibhola |
| Ukuhamba, ukubaleka | Ukukhaba ibhola |
| Ukuhlala ngaphandle kwenkxaso | Ukuqubha |
| Ukutya okuhlafunwayo | Ukukhwela ibhayisekile |
| Ukutsiba, ukutsiba phezulu | I-Rollerblading |
| Ukujika esinqeni, ukugoba phambili | I-Cartwheel |
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-Gross Motor Skills kunye ne-Fine Motor Skills?
Usenokuba ukhe weva nange "Fine Motor Skills." Kubalulekile ukwazi umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini.
Kalula nje:
- Izakhono Zokusebenza Kwemisipha Ebanzi: Ezi zisebenzisa izihlunu ezinkulu (imilenze, iingalo, umzimba ongasentla). Ezi zisetyenziselwa ukwenza iintshukumo ezinkulu . Umzekelo, ukusebenzisa ingalo yakho yonke ukuphakamisela umntu isandla.
- Izakhono Ezilungileyo Zokusebenza Kwemisipha: Oku kuquka ukusebenzisa izihlunu ezincinci (iminwe, iinzwane, izihlathi). Ezi zisetyenziselwa ukwenza iintshukumo ezichanekileyo nezithambileyo . Umzekelo, ukubamba ipeni nokubhala.
Khawuthelekelele upeyinta udonga. Ukusebenzisa ibrashi enkulu ukupenda udonga lonke sisakhono sokuhamba komzimba esipheleleyo. Kodwa ukusebenzisa imicu emincinci yebrashi ukuzoba intyatyambo encinci okanye umfanekiso eludongeni olunye sisakhono sokuhamba komzimba esilungileyo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba umntwana aqale aphuhlise izakhono zakhe zokunyakaza.Kulapho ke kuphela apho bafunda khona izakhono zomzimba ezintle, oko kuthetha ukuba bafunda ukwenza imisebenzi ebuthathaka efana nokuchola izinto ezincinci ngeminwe yabo.
Ukubaluleka kwezi zakhono zomzimba ezipheleleyo ekuphuhlisweni komntwana
Umntwana uqala kancinci kancinci ukuphonononga ihlabathi aze afunde izinto ezintsha njengoko ezi zakhono zomzimba zikhula. Xa umntwana ekwazi ukukhasa, ukuhamba, nokubaleka, umntwana unamathuba amaninzi okunxibelelana nendawo akuyo, ukuchukumisa izinto ezintsha, nokufumana amava.
Sizijonga ezi zakhono njengezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekuphuhlisweni komntwana. Nangona ingengabo bonke abantwana abenza ezi zinto ngesantya esifanayo, ngokubanzi kukho izinto ezilindelekileyo kumntwana xa eneminyaka ethile. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi.
| Ubudala | Izinto onokuzilindela |
|---|---|
| Iinyanga ezi-0 ukuya kwezi-6 | Ukuqengqeleka phambili nangasemva. Ukuzama ukuhlala phantsi, kuqala ngenkxaso, uze emva koko ngaphandle kwayo. |
| Iinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-12 | Ukukhasa phambili. Ukusuka kwindawo yokuhlala ukuya kwindawo yokuguqa. Ukubamba into ethile uzama ukuma nokuhamba. |
| Iinyanga ezili-12 ukuya kwezili-18 | Ukukwazi ukuhlala phantsi, ukuguqa, nokuhamba kakuhle. |
| Iinyanga ezili-18 - iminyaka emi-2 | Ukuhamba ngokulinganisela. Ukuzama ukubaleka. Ukuhamba ngelixa utsala ithoyizi. Ukunyuka nokuhla izinyuko ngenkxaso. |
| Iminyaka emi-3 | Ukutsiba phezulu ngelixa ugcina iinyawo zombini zihlangene. Ukuhamba ngeenzwane. Ukukhwela ibhayisekile enamavili amathathu. Ukusebenzisa izandla zombini kunye nesifuba xa ubamba ibhola. |
| Iminyaka emi-4 | Ukuma ngomlenze omnye kangangemizuzwana emi-5. Ukukhaba ibhola phambili. Ukuhamba ngokuthe ngqo emgceni. Ukubaleka ngelixa uphepha imiqobo. |
| Iminyaka emi-5 | Ukuhamba ngasemva ukusuka esithendeni ukuya ezinzwaneni. Ukubamba ibhola encinci usebenzisa izandla ezimbini kuphela. Ukutsiba. |
| Iminyaka emi-6 | Ukuhamba ngebhanti yokulinganisela. Ukutsiba ngentambo. Ukuphosa nokubamba ibhola ngendlela elindelekileyo. |
Khumbula, le minyaka ingamacebiso nje. Abanye abantwana banokwenza ezi zinto kwangethuba, ngelixa abanye bengathatha ixesha elide. Yinto eqhelekileyo leyo. Kodwa ukuba ubona ukulibaziseka okukhulu ekukhuleni komntwana wakho, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha.
Singamnceda umntwana wethu aphuhlise ezi zakhono?
Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo inokwenzeka. Eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba, akufuneki wenze nantoni na emangalisayo ukuze uphuhlise ezi zakhono. Ukudlala yeyona ndlela ilungileyo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukudala indawo apho umntwana wakho anokubaleka aze adlale ngokukhululekileyo.
Nazi izinto ezimbalwa ezincinci onokuzenza:
- Khuthaza ukukhasa: Xa umntwana wakho ekhasa, mbeke phantsi uze ubeke into yokudlala oyithandayo kufutshane nengalo yakhe. Uza kuzama ukuyibamba. Hlala usondele kuye ngalo lonke ixesha.
- Yakha indlela yokuthintela: Kubantwana abadala, misela indlela yokuthintela encinci enemiqamelo nezitulo ngaphakathi endlwini. Ukubavumela ukuba bakhwele baze bakhase phantsi kwayo kuya kunceda ukuphuhlisa ulungelelwano lwabo kunye nokulungelelana.
- Mse kwindawo yokudlala: Mse kwindawo yokudlala ekufutshane okanye epakini. Izinto ezirhubuluzayo, ezijingayo, nezinyukayo apho ziya kumnceda ukuba asebenzise izihlunu ezahlukeneyo.
- Khuthaza ukudlala: Yazisa umntwana wakho ngemidlalo. Ziqhelise ukuphasa ibhola ekhaya, ubethe ibhola nge-bat.
- Cela umntwana wakho ukuba amncede ngemisebenzi yasekhaya: Mbandakanye umntwana wakho kwimisebenzi yasekhaya emincinci. Nezinto ezincinci ezinje ngokumnceda asule itafile okanye afake into ethile emgqomeni wenkunkuma zinokunceda ekuphuhliseni ezi zakhono.
Zithini izizathu zeengxaki ngezakhono zokusebenzisa ingqondo ezingaqhelekanga?
Ukulibaziseka okanye iingxaki ekuphuhlisweni kwezi zakhono zinokwenzeka ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Nayiphi na ingxaki echaphazela ingqondo, umqolo, imithambo-luvo, izihlunu, okanye amathambo inokukuchaphazela oku.
Nazi ezinye zeemeko apho ezi ngxaki zinokwenzeka ebantwaneni:
- Umvakalelo yokitazo
- Ingxaki ye-Autism Spectrum
- Ukulibaziseka kophuhliso
- Iimeko zemfuza ezifana neDown Syndrome
- I-Dyspraxia (ukungasebenzi kakuhle kokulungelelanisa intshukumo)
- Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha: Abanye abantwana abazalwa ngaphambi kwexesha banokufumana ukulibaziseka ekuphuhlisweni kwezi zakhono.
Ezi zakhono zinokuphazamiseka nakubantu abadala ngenxa yeemeko ezahlukeneyo zonyango, ezifana nesifo sohlangothi kunye nesifo sikaParkinson.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo.
Ukuba ucinga ukuba umntwana wakho ufike kade kule migangatho ibalulekileyo xa ethelekiswa nabanye abantwana, musa ukoyika. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuthetha nogqirha wezingane womntwana wakho ngale nto. Angahlola umntwana wakho aze akuchazele ukuba kukho ingxaki na.
Enye into ebalulekileyo kukuba ukuba ubona ukuhla kwamandla omntwana wakho okwenza into awayekwazi ukuyenza ngaphambili (umzekelo, umntwana owayehamba kakuhle ngequbuliso akakwazi ukuhamba), ayilocebo lilungileyo ukulibazisa. Bona ugqirha kwangoko nje ukuba ubona into efana naleyo. Isenokuba luphawu lwesifo esinzulu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Izakhono zomzimba ezipheleleyo ziintshukumo ezisebenzisa izihlunu ezinkulu zomzimba ezibalulekileyo ekukhuleni nasekuzimeleni komntwana.
- Wonke umntwana ukhula ngesantya sakhe, ngoko ke musa ukumthelekisa rhoqo nabanye abantwana. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela amanyathelo aqhelekileyo okukhula.
- Eyona ndlela ilungileyo nelula yokuphuhlisa ezi zakhono kumntwana wakho kukumenza adlale ngokukhululekileyo.
- Ukuba unesikrokro sokuba umntwana wakho uyalibaziseka okanye uyabuyela umva, thetha nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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