Ukuba ungumama oza kuzala umntwana, ugqirha wakho usenokuba ukuxelele ngeemvavanyo ezahlukeneyo. Phakathi kwazo, usenokuba uvile ngovavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-'NIPT'. Oomama abaninzi baziva besoyika kancinci xa besiva eli gama. Imibuzo efana nokuthi 'Yintoni le?', 'Ngaba oku kuya kumlimaza umntwana?' ifika engqondweni. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masifumane iimpendulo ezilula kuyo yonke imibuzo onayo malunga nolu vavanyo lwe-NIPT.
Yintoni olu vavanyo lwe-NIPT?
Ngamafutshane, i-NIPT luvavanyo lokuhlola olujonga umngcipheko wesifo se-chromosome kwimveku ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Kulula kakhulu. Lwenziwa njengovavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo, ngokuthatha isampuli yegazi engalweni kamama.
Khawucinge nje, xa ukhulelwe, igazi lakho liqulathe iziqwenga ezincinci zeDNA yomntwana wakho kunye neDNA yakho. Le siyibiza ngokuba yi "DNA engenaseli (cfDNA)". Ngoko ke into eyenziwa luvavanyo lwe-NIPT kukuhlola ezi ziqwenga zeDNA yomntwana wakho kwisampulu yegazi lakho uze ufumane umbono wolwazi lwemfuza yomntwana.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba olu luvavanyo nje. Oko kuthetha ukuba lukuxelela kuphela ukuba usemngciphekweni wesifo esithile. Asikuko ukuxilongwa . Lunokukuxelela nesini somntwana (inkwenkwe okanye intombazana).
Uvavanyo lwe-NIPT lujonge ntoni?
Olu vavanyo alunakubona zonke izifo zemfuza, kodwa lunokunceda ekufumaneni umngcipheko weengxaki ezininzi eziqhelekileyo ze-chromosome.
| Imeko Ihlolwe | Ingcaciso Elula |
|---|---|
| I-Down syndrome (i-Down syndrome - i-trisomy 21) | Imeko ebangelwa kukubakho kwekopi eyongezelelweyo (ezintathu) ze-chromosome 21 endaweni yezimbini. |
| Isifo sika-Edwards (isifo sika-Edwards - i-trisomy 18) | Imeko ebangelwa kukubakho kweekhromozomu ezintathu endaweni yezimbini, 18. |
| Isifo sePatau (i-trisomy 13) | Imeko ebangelwa kukubakho kweekhromozomu ezintathu endaweni yezimbini, 13. |
| Iingxaki ze-chromosome yesondo | Utshintsho kwinani eliqhelekileyo lee-chromosomes ze-X kunye ne-Y. Imizekelo: I-Turner syndrome, i-Klinefelter syndrome. |
Ayizizo zonke iimvavanyo ze-NIPT ezijonga zonke ezi zinto, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane kanye kanye into eza kukhangelwa yi-NIPT yakho.
Kutheni le nto kwenziwa olu vavanyo lwe-NIPT? Ngubani olungele lona?
Eyona njongo iphambili yolu vavanyo kukufumanisa kwangaphambili ukuba umntwana ongekazalwa usemngciphekweni wesifo esithile sofuzo. Ngaphambili, olu vavanyo lwalucetyiswa kuphela koomama abakhulelweyo abasengozini enkulu. Oko kukuthi:
- Umama okhe waba nomntwana onengxaki ye-chromosome ngaphambili.
- Ukuba kukho into engaqhelekanga ebonwayo kumntwana ngexesha lokuskena.
- Ukuba olunye uvavanyo lwangaphambili lubonise umngcipheko.
Nangona kunjalo, ingcebiso yamva nje kukuba nawuphi na umfazi okhulelweyo ofuna ukwenza olu vavanyo kufuneka anikwe ithuba lokwenza njalo, nokuba umngcipheko ungakanani na. Oku kuxhomekeke kuwe ngokupheleleyo.
Leliphi ixesha elifanelekileyo lokwenza olu vavanyo?
I-NIPT ingenziwa nangaliphi na ixesha emva kweeveki ezili-10 zokukhulelwa . Ngokwesiqhelo ingenziwa de kube lixesha lokubeleka.
Isizathu soku kukuba akukho DNA yaneleyo egazini lakho ngaphambi kweeveki ezili-10. Ngenxa yoko, kunzima ukufumana iziphumo ezichanekileyo ukuba ukwenza oku ngaphambi kweeveki ezili-10.
Luchaneke kwaye lukhuselekile kangakanani uvavanyo lwe-NIPT?
Ukuchaneka
Ukuchaneka koku kuphezulu kakhulu. Kuchanekile ngakumbi ekufumaneni i-Down syndrome, ngokuchaneka okuphantse kube yi-99% . Kwezinye iimeko, ukuchaneka kusenokuba ngaphantsi kancinci. Nangona kunjalo, xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iimvavanyo zokukhulelwa (umz. isikrini se-quad), ithuba lokufumana iziphumo ezingezizo ezivela kuvavanyo lwe-NIPT liphantsi kakhulu.
ukhuseleko
Le yeyona ngxaki inkulu abanayo oomama abaninzi.
Olu vavanyo alunabungozi kumntwana.Oku kukhuselekile ngokupheleleyo kuba kwenziwa ngegazi likamama kuphela. Akumchaphazeli umntwana nangayiphi na indlela.
Zithini iziphumo?
Kudla ngokuthatha malunga neeveki ezimbini ukufumana iziphumo. Xa ufumana iziphumo, baza kuthi into efana nale:
- Umngcipheko Ophantsi / Ongembi: Oku kuthetha ukuba umntwana wakho unethuba eliphantsi kakhulu lokufumana izifo ezivavanyiweyo.
- Umngcipheko Omkhulu / Olungileyo: Oku kuthetha ukuba umntwana wakho unokuba nethuba elithile lokufumana enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi meko zivavanyiweyo.
Iziphumo "zomngcipheko ophezulu" azithethi ukuba umntwana ngokuqinisekileyo unaso esi sifo. Zithetha nje ukuba kukho umngcipheko kwaye kufuneka uvavanyo olongezelelweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba isifo sikhona okanye akunjalo.
Ukuba umngcipheko uphezulu, yintoni oyenzayo emva koko?
Ukuba kunjalo, ugqirha wakho uya kukucebisa uvavanyo lokuxilonga oluya kukunika impendulo eqinisekileyo ethi "ewe" okanye "hayi" .
- I-Amniocentesis: Uvavanyo oluthatha ubungakanani obuncinci bolwelo (i-amniotic fluid) olujikeleze umntwana. Oku kunokwenziwa emva kweeveki ezili-15.
- I-Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS): Uvavanyo oluthatha isampuli encinci kakhulu yeeseli kwi-placenta yomntwana. Oku kudla ngokwenziwa phakathi kweeveki ezili-10 neli-13.
Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela okungakumbi ngezi mvavanyo.
Uthatha njani isigqibo sokuba ubhale olu vavanyo okanye ungalwenzi?
Akukho mfuneko yokwenza olu vavanyo. Esi sisigqibo sobuqu ngokupheleleyo kuwe nakusapho lwakho. Ukuze ukwazi ukwenza eso sigqibo, zibuze le mibuzo:
- Ndingaziva njani ukuba uvavanyo olufana nolu lubuya nesiphumo "somngcipheko"?
- Ukuba kunjalo, ndingavuma na ukwenza uvavanyo oluqinisekisayo olufana ne-`Amniocentesis` okanye i-`CVS`?
- Ukuba ndifumanisa kwangethuba ukuba umntwana wam unesimo semfuza, ngaba oko kuya kuzichaphazela izigqibo zam?
- Ngaba ukwazi olu lwazi kuza kundenza ndizive ndilusizi okanye ndixhalabile? Okanye kuza kundinceda ndilungiselele ngokwengqondo nangokomzimba ukunyamekela umntwana?
- Ngaba ukwazi ezi zinto kwangaphambili kuya kunceda oogqirha ukuba banyamekele kakuhle umntwana emva kokubeleka?
Ngeempendulo ozinika le mibuzo, thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho uze wenze isigqibo esifanelekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-NIPT luvavanyo olukhuselekileyo kakhulu olwenziwa kwigazi likamama okhulelweyo kwaye alulimazi umntwana.
- Oku kumalunga nomngcipheko weemeko zemfuza ezifana neDown syndrome. Asikuko ukuxilongwa kokugqibela.
- Olu vavanyo lungenziwa nangaliphi na ixesha emva kweeveki ezili-10 zokukhulelwa.
- Ungakhathazeki ukuba iziphumo zithi "Umngcipheko Omkhulu." Oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka uvavanyo olongezelelekileyo ukuqinisekisa isifo.
- Ukuba ukhetha ukwenza olu vavanyo okanye akunjalo sisigqibo sakho sobuqu. Xoxa nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo.
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