Ngaba uneqhubu elincinci okanye iqhubu phambi kwendlebe yakho, kwindawo yesidlele? Okanye ngaba uziva iintlungu kuloo ndawo xa usitya? Unobangela wezinto ezinjalo unokuba yingxaki kwi-parotid gland, ekufutshane nendlebe yakho. Le yi-gland ephambili evelisa amathe emlonyeni wethu. Ngoko ke, utyando olwenziwayo kwiingxaki zeli gland lubizwa ngokuba yiParotidectomy. Abantu abaninzi bayoyika xa besiva eli gama. Kodwa ukuba unolwazi olufanelekileyo ngale nto, ungaluphelisa olo loyiko. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iParotidectomy?
I-Parotidectomy kukususwa ngotyando kwayo yonke okanye inxalenye yayo. Cinga ngayo, la ma-parotid glands mabini aphambi kweendlebe zethu, kwindawo yesidlele. Umsebenzi wawo ophambili kukuvelisa amathe. Xa sisitya, la mathe enza kube lula ukuginya ukutya kwaye agcine imilomo yethu imanzi.
Kutheni ke ngoko kufuneka ususe le gland? Zimbini izizathu eziphambili:
1. Iithumba: Ngamanye amaxesha iithumba zinokwakheka kweli gland. Uninzi lwale thumba alunabungozi, luqhelekile . Nangona kunjalo, inani elincinci linokuba ngumhlaza. Ngoko ke, emva kokwazi ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwethumba, olu tyando lwenziwa ukuze lususwe.
2. Amatye Aphuma Emathe: Abanye abantu bavelisa "amatye aphuma emathanjeni" avala imibhobho ethwala amathe aye kweli dlala. Oku kunokubangela ukuba idlala lidumbe kwaye kubangele iintlungu eziqatha ngelixa lisitya. Kungakhokelela nasekusulelekeni rhoqo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, utyando lunokufuneka.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zolu tyando?
Uhlobo lotyando olwenzayo luya kuxhomekeka ekubeni iphi ithumba okanye ingxaki. Umthambo obaluleke kakhulu udlula kwi-parotid gland yakho. Ngumthambo wobuso. Xa sincuma, sivala amehlo ethu, kwaye sishukumisa imilomo yethu, zonke ezi ntshukumo zilawulwa ngulo mthambo. Ngoko ke oogqirha benza olu tyando ngaphandle kokonakalisa lo mthambo.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zotyando kuxhomekeke ekubeni ingxaki iphi.
| Uhlobo lotyando | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Utyando lweParotidectomy olungaphandle | Oku kuquka ukususa kuphela inxalenye yedlala elingaphezulu kwemithambo-luvo yobuso. Ixesha elininzi, ukuba ithumba likule ndawo, olu tyando lwenziwa. |
| I-Parotidectomy iyonke | Ukuba ithumba likwindawo enzulu kwi-gland, oko kukuthi, phantsi komthambo wobuso, okanye ukuba lisasazeke kulo lonke i-gland, i-gland kuya kufuneka isuswe ngokupheleleyo. |
Zombini ezi ntlobo zingasetyenziselwa ukususa amatye amdaka. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi utyando olufunekayo emva kokukuxilonga.
Uzilungiselela njani ngaphambi kotyando?
Kuqhelekile ukuba novalo kwaye uloyiko xa ulungiselela utyando. Kodwa ngolwazi olufanelekileyo kunye nocwangciso, unokukwazi ukulawula yonke into. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika imiyalelo ecacileyo malunga nento omawuyenze. Ezi zizinto oza kucelwa ukuba uzenze:
- Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka: Ukutshaya kuyalibazisa ukuphola kwamanxeba, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyeka ukutshaya ubuncinane kwiiveki ezimbalwa ngaphambi kotyando.
- Xelela ugqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imithi oyithathayo: Ukuba uthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi (afana ne-aspirin, i-clopidogrel), iivithamini, okanye amayeza esintu, qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ngawo. Ungacelwa ukuba uyeke amanye awo ngaphambi kotyando.
- Yazi ixesha lokuzila ukutya: Fumanisa ukuba zingaphi iiyure ekufuneka uziyeke ukutya nokusela ngaphambi kotyando.
- Buza ukuba kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele na: Fumanisa kwangaphambili ukuba ungaya ekhaya ngaloo mini inye emva kotyando, okanye ukuba kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele usuku olunye okanye ezimbini.
- Lungiselela umntu oza kukunceda xa ufika ekhaya: Ukongeza ekukuyiseni ekhaya emva kotyando, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nomntu oza kukunceda ngosuku lokuqala.
Kungumbono olungileyo ukuza nelungu losapho okanye umhlobo xa usiya kubona ugqirha. Ngelixa uthetha nogqirha, omnye umntu unokubhala ulwazi olubalulekileyo. Ngale ndlela, awuyi kuyilibala nantoni na.
Uvavanyo lwangaphambi kotyando
Ukuba kukho ithumba, ugqirha angenza uvavanyo oluninzi ngaphambi kotyando ukuze afumanise ukuba linjani na.
- Ukufuthwa Ngenaliti Encinci (FNA): Oku kuquka ukusebenzisa inaliti ethambileyo kakhulu ukuthatha isampuli encinci yeeseli ezivela kwithumba. Emva koko isampuli iyavavanywa ukuze kubonwe ukuba inomhlaza okanye akunjalo.
- I-CT scan okanye i-MRI scan:Ukuba ithumba likufutshane kakhulu nomthambo wobuso obalulekileyo, ezi scan zenziwa. Ugqirha unokucwangcisa eyona ndlela ingcono yokususa ithumba ngaphandle kokonakalisa umthambo.
Lwenziwa njani utyando?
Kwigumbi lotyando, ingcali yokubulala iintlungu iza kukunika amayeza ngetyhubhu encinci (umgca we-IV) emthanjeni osengalweni yakho, ikubeke ebuthongweni ngokupheleleyo. Ngoko awuyi kuva ntlungu ngexesha lotyando. Emva koko ugqirha uza kulandela la manyathelo:
1. Ukusikwa: Ukusikwa kwenziwa phambi kwendlebe yakho, ngaphantsi kwendlebe, kwaye kulandele ukugoba kwendalo phezulu entanyeni yakho. Olu siko alunakwenzeka ukuba lubonise naziphi na izibazi kamva.
2. Ukuveza i-gland: Ulusu luyatsalwa emva ukuze kuvele i-parotid gland. Isixhobo sokujonga imithambo-luvo yobuso singasetyenziswa ukujonga umonakalo kwi-facial nerve ngexesha lenkqubo.
3. Ukususwa kwe-gland: Okulandelayo, inxalenye okanye yonke i-gland iyasuswa. Ukuba uvavanyo luqinisekisile ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kwiindawo ze-lymph ezikufutshane, ezo ndawo ze-lymph ziyasuswa ngaxeshanye.
4. Ukuthunga i-incision: Emva kokuba i-gland isusiwe, i-incision ithungwa kakuhle.
5. Ukufaka umsele wokukhupha igazi (iDream yotyando): Okokugqibela, kufakwa umbhobho omncinci, obhityileyo (iDream) ukuze kukhutshwe igazi okanye olunye ulwelo olunokuqokelelwa ngaphakathi kwenxeba.
Olu tyando lonke ludla ngokuthatha malunga neeyure ezimbini ukuya kwezine .
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengozi ezinokubakho zotyando?
Njengalo naluphi na utyando, utyando lweParotidectomy luneengenelo zalo kunye neengozi ezithile kunye nemiphumo emibi.
Iingenelo eziphambili zotyando
Ukuba sisimila esingenobungozi, olu tyando lunokusinyanga ngokupheleleyo. Kwakhona lolona nyango lusebenzayo lwamatye amathe kunye nosulelo olubangelwa yiwo. Ukuba sisimila esinomhlaza, singasuswa ngaphambi kokuba sisasazeke kwezinye iindawo zomzimba, nto leyo enika ithuba elingcono lokunyanga esi sifo. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha izimila ezinomhlaza zinomngcipheko wokuphinda zibuye .
Iingxaki kunye neengozi ezinokubakho
Olu lutyando olunzima kancinci, kuba umthambo wobuso kufuneka ukhuselwe ngononophelo olukhulu. Ngoko ke ezinye iingxaki zinokwenzeka. Kodwa uninzi lwazo zezokwexeshana .
| Ingxaki | Icacisiwe ngokulula |
|---|---|
| Ubungqindilili ebusweni, endlebeni, okanye emhlathini | Emva kotyando, ungaziva urhawuzelelwa kwiindawo ezifana nendlebe nesidlele. Oku kudla ngokunyamalala kancinci kancinci kwiinyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezine, ngamanye amaxesha kunyaka. |
| Ubuthathaka Bobuso | Ngenxa yoxinzelelo kwimithambo-luvo yobuso ngexesha lotyando, elinye icala lobuso lisenokubonakala ligobile okwethutyana, ikona yomlomo isenokungaveli kakuhle xa uncuma, kwaye kunokuba nzima ukuvala iliso. Oku kukwaphinda kubuyele esiqhelweni kwiiveki okanye kwiinyanga ezimbalwa. |
| Isifo sikaFrey | Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kancinci. Inokwenzeka emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa emva kotyando. Xa usitya, isidlele ecaleni kotyando esibilayo yiloo nto eyenzekayo. Kukho unyango loku. |
| Isifo sokulunywa kokuqala | Xa ndiluma ukutya okokuqala, ndiva intlungu ebukhali kwindawo endityandwe kuyo. Le ntlungu ibakho kuphela xa ndiluma okokuqala kwaye iphele xa ndiluma emva koko. |
Ukongeza, kukho iingozi eziqhelekileyo ezinokubonwa nakuphi na utyando.
- Ukusabela kwe-aleji kwiintlungu zobuhlungu
- Ukuqokelelana kolwelo olugqithisileyo olujikeleze inxeba
- Ukopha kakhulu
- Ukuqokelelana kwegazi ngaphakathi kwenxeba (i-hematoma)
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo
Ungalindela oku kulandelayo emva kotyando:
- Intlungu nokudumba: Intlungu nokudumba kwindawo yotyando kusenokuqhubeka iveki okanye ezimbini.
- Ubunzima bokutya: Usenokuba nobunzima bokutya ngenxa yokungakhululeki emhlathini wakho. Oku kuya kuphela emva kweeveki ezimbini ukuya kwezine.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando?
Xa ubuyela ezingqondweni, uza kuba segumbini lokuchacha. Abasebenzi abangongikazi baza kujonga ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi rhoqo. Uza kunikwa amayeza okunceda kwiintlungu. Usenokucelwa ukuba uncume, uvale amehlo akho ngokuqinileyo, kwaye ufinge ubuso ukuze ujonge ukuba imithambo-luvo yakho yobuso isebenza kakuhle na.
Ngaphambi kokuba ugoduke, uza kunikwa ingcaciso eneenkcukacha malunga nendlela yokunyamekela inxeba lakho kunye nomsele wokuhambisa amanzi obekwe. Uza kuxelelwa nokuba uza kubona nini ugqirha. Le shedyuli ingabonakala ngolu hlobo:
- Iintsuku ezi-1-2 emva kotyando: Susa umsele wokukhupha amanzi.
- Iintsuku ezi-5-7 emva kotyando: Ukuba kusetyenziswe izithungo ezinganyibilikiyo, zisuse.
- Kwiiveki ezi-4-6 emva kotyando: Bona ugqirha wakho kwakhona ukuze ujonge ukuba inxeba lipholile na.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuphiliswa?
Kuthatha iiveki ezininzi ukuba umntu aphile ngokupheleleyo. Uninzi lwabantu lunokubuyela kwimisebenzi yalo yesiqhelo emva kweeveki ezimbini . Nangona kunjalo, kungathatha iinyanga ezininzi, okanye unyaka, ukuba ukurhawuzelelwa kobuso okanye ubuthathaka buphele ngokupheleleyo.
Ukuba unomhlaza, injani indlela yokunyamekela ixesha elide?
Iithumba ze-parotid gland zingaphinda zibuye ngamanye amaxesha. Ke ngoko, uya kuhlolwa ngugqirha wakho iminyaka emininzi emva kotyando. Ukuvavanywa rhoqo nokulinda iziphumo kunokukudinisa ngokweemvakalelo. Kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho kunye nosapho malunga neenkxalabo zakho ngamaxesha anje.
Ukuba unale mpawu, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza!
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo emva kokubuya ekhaya emva kotyando, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
- Ukuba unentlungu enzima engapheziyo nokuba sele usele amayeza.
- Ukuba uvakalelwa kukuba ukudinwa okanye ubuthathaka bobuso bakho buya busiba mandundu.
- Ukuba inxeba likhupha ubovu, ulwelo, okanye igazi .
- Ukuba indawo ejikeleze inxeba ivakala ishushu xa uyichukumisa okanye ibuhlungu xa uyichukumisa.
- Ukuba kukho ivumba elibi eliphuma enxebeni.
Ezi zinto zithetha ukuba inxeba lisenokuba losulelekile, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukufuna unyango ngokukhawuleza.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Parotidectomy yinkqubo yotyando yokususa inxalenye okanye yonke i-parotid gland, i-salivary gland ekwisidlele sakho, njengonyango lweemeko ezinje ngeethumba okanye amatye amathe.
- Ngaphambi kokuba wenze olu tyando, landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo (yeka ukutshaya, baxelele ngamayeza owasebenzisayo).
- Ngenxa yokuba olu tyando lubandakanya umthambo wobuso, olawula imbonakalo yobuso, iingxaki ezinje ngokuba ndindisholo okanye ubuthathaka bobuso zinokwenzeka. Uninzi lwazo ziyaphela ngokuhamba kwexesha.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhathalela inxeba emva kotyando kwaye ungaphoswa zii-aphoyintimenti ezinikwe ngugqirha.
- Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iingxaki, ezinje ngentlungu engaqhelekanga, ukudumba, okanye ukuphuma kobovu enxebeni, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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