Ngaba wakha weva ngebali 'elizalisa amanzi ajikeleze intliziyo'? Mhlawumbi umhlobo wakho ukhe wehlelwa yile nto. Okanye mhlawumbi nawe ubusiva ubunzima esifubeni sakho kwaye kunzima ukuphefumla kule mihla. Oku kuyoyikisa kancinci. Ngoko ke namhlanje sithetha ngale meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-'Pericardial Effusion' kwisayensi yezonyango. Yintoni, kutheni isenzeka, ingaba iyingozi, kwaye yintoni esifanele siyenze, masithethe ngendlela elula kakhulu onokuyiqonda.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Pericardial Effusion?
Masiqonde oku ngolu hlobo. Intliziyo yethu ayisiyonto nje kuphela. Ijikelezwe yingxowa encinci, njengesigqubuthelo sokukhusela. Siyibiza ngokuba yi "Pericardium". Intliziyo ingaphakathi kwesi singxobo. Ngokwesiqhelo, kukho ulwelo oluncinci kakhulu phakathi kwesi singxobo nentliziyo olunceda intliziyo ukuba ityibilike lula ngaphandle kokubethelana xa ibetha. Kufana neoyile enjinini.
Ukuphuma kwegazi kwintliziyo kwenzeka xa, ngesizathu esithile, kukho ulwelo oluninzi kunoluqhelekileyo ngaphakathi kwesi sikhwama.
Khawuthelekelele uzama ukufutha ibhaluni ngaphakathi kwibhotile yamanzi yeplastiki. Xa ibhotile ingenanto, unendawo yokufutha ibhaluni kangangoko unako. Kodwa ukuba wongeza amanzi amancinci ebhotileni, indawo yebhaluni yokufutha iyancipha. Ukuba uyizalisa ngamanzi amaninzi, ekugqibeleni ibhaluni ayizukukwazi ukufutha konke konke.
Kwenzeka into efanayo nakwiintliziyo zethu. Intliziyo ifana nebhaluni. Ingxowa ejikelezileyo (i-'pericardium') yibhotile. Njengoko le ngxowa izaliswe ngamanzi (ulwelo), indawo yokuba intliziyo ipompe ngokukhululekileyo ize izaliswe ligazi iyancipha.
- Njengoko ulwelo luqokelelana: Ingxowa ejikeleze intliziyo inexesha lokunwebeka nokukhula. Ngoko ke usenokungaziva ungonwabanga de kubekho ulwelo oluninzi oluqokeleleneyo.
- Xa ulwelo luqokelelana ngaxeshanye: Oku kuyingozi. Oku kungenzeka kwinto efana nengozi. Emva koko ingxowa ayinalo ixesha lokukhupha amanzi. Nokuba incinci kangakanani na into ebangela ukuba intliziyo iqine kwaye ingasebenzi kakuhle.
Ziziphi iimeko apho oku kunokuba yingozi khona?
Ewe, le meko ngamanye amaxesha inokuba yingxaki esongela ubomi. Siyibiza ngokuba yi -'Cardiac Tamponade' .
Ngamafutshane, i-'Cardiac Tamponade' kuxa intliziyo izaliswe lulwelo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba icinezelwe kangangokuba ingabi nandawo yokushukuma okanye yokuzalisa igazi. Khawuthelekelele ukuba ibhotile izaliswe ngamanzi ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ibhaluni ayivutheli konke konke.
Ukuba intliziyo ayizaliswanga ligazi, ayinakukwazi ukupompa igazi liye kuwo wonke umzimba. Xa igazi lingafiki engqondweni, kwizintso, nakwisibindi, loo malungu alahlekelwa ngumsebenzi wawo. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-'Cardiogenic Shock'. Oku kuyingozi kakhulu. Ukuba ayinyangwa kwangoko, ukufa kunokuvela kwimizuzu embalwa okanye kwiiyure ezimbalwa.
Zithini iimpawu zale meko?
Ukuba ubungakanani bolwelo oluqokelelweyo buncinci, usenokungabi nazimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, xa ubungakanani bolwelo busanda, okanye kwimeko engxamisekileyo efana ne-'Cardiac Tamponade', iimpawu ziyavela.
Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iimpawu eziphambili kwitheyibhile engezantsi.
| Uphawu | Indlela oziva ngayo |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla (i-Dyspnea) | Kuvakala ngathi kunzima ukuphefumla, ingakumbi xa ulele phantsi. Ungaziva ukhululekile xa uthe tyaba phambili. |
| Intlungu yesifuba okanye ukuxinana | Kuvakala ngathi intliziyo yakho iyacinezelwa, ngathi kukho ubunzima esifubeni sakho. Ngamanye amaxesha intlungu ingadlulela emqolo, entanyeni, okanye emagxeni. |
| Ukubetha kwentliziyo | Uziva intliziyo yakho ibetha ngamandla kakhulu, okanye intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza nangona umile nje. |
| Ukudinwa okanye ukuquleka | Ngenxa yokuba ingqondo ayifumani gazi laneleyo, ungaziva unesizungu, okanye ungalahlekelwa zingqondo uze uwe (syncope). |
| Ukudinwa nokudinwa | Ndiziva ndidiniwe kakhulu nangona ndingenzanga msebenzi. |
| Ubuluhlaza (iCyanosis) | Xa i-oxygen inganele egazini, imilebe, ulwimi, okanye phantsi kweenzipho zijika zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/ngwevu. Le yimeko engxamisekileyo. |
Ukongeza, xa ubungakanani bolwelo olujikeleze intliziyo bukhulu kakhulu, lungacinezela amalungu akufutshane, njengemiphunga, imithambo-luvo, okanye umqala. Iimpawu ezinje ngezi zinokuvela:
- Ubunzima bokuginya ukutya (i-Dysphagia)
- Iingxaki
- Ukukhwehlela okanye ukurhawuzelela
Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izizathu?
Akukho sizathu sinye sokuba ulwelo luzalise intliziyo, zininzi izizathu. Ngamanye amaxesha akukho sizathu sifumanekayo. Kodwa kukho izinto ezimbalwa eziphambili ezichaphazela intliziyo.
- Usulelo: Le meko inokubangelwa zizifo ezahlukeneyo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane kunye neebhaktheriya. Isifo sephepha sisizathu esiphambili, ingakumbi kumazwe afana neSri Lanka. Usulelo lwe-HIV lunokuba yimbangela.
- Umhlaza: Umhlaza owenzeka entliziyweni okanye umhlaza oye wasasazeka entliziyweni (i-metastasis) ovela kwenye indawo emzimbeni unokonakalisa ulwelo olujikeleze intliziyo kwaye lubangele ukuba izaliswe lulwelo.
- Izifo zenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela: Ukudumba okubangelwa zizifo ezihlasela iiseli zomzimba, ezifana ne-lupus (SLE) kunye ne-rheumatoid arthritis, kunokubangela ukwakheka kolwelo.
- Iingxaki zehomoni: Iimeko ezifana ne-hypothyroidism.
- Ukulimala esifubeni: Ukulimala okukhulu okufana nokubethwa kakhulu esifubeni ngenxa yengozi yemoto okanye inxeba lokuhlatywa.
- Isifo sentliziyo: Iimeko ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, isifo sevalvu yentliziyo, okanye ukuqhekeka kwe-aorta.
- Ezinye izizathu zonyango: Inokwenzeka nasemva kotyando lwentliziyo, emva konyango lwe-radiation lomhlaza, okanye njengesiphumo esingesihle samayeza athile.
- Ezinye iimeko zonyango: Le meko inokubakho ngenxa yokwanda kolwelo emzimbeni ngenxa yezifo ezinje ngokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso kunye ne-liver cirrhosis.
Uyifumana njani le nto, Gqirha?
Ukuba uneempawu, ugqirha wakho uza kukubuza imibuzo aze akuxilonge ukuze afumanise ukuba unesifo. Ngamanye amaxesha zinokufunyanwa ngengozi ngexesha le-X-ray yesifuba ngenxa yesinye isizathu.
Ugqirha uza kuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa le meko aze afumane unobangela.
- I-Electrocardiogram (ECG): Ijonga ukusebenza kombane kwentliziyo.
- I-Echocardiogram: Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo. Lufana nokuskena komntwana. Lunokubona ngokucacileyo ukuba lungakanani ulwelo olujikeleze intliziyo kwaye nokuba luchaphazela na indlela intliziyo esebenza ngayo.
- I-X-reyi yesifuba: Ukuba kukho ulwelo oluninzi, isithunzi sentliziyo siya kuba sikhulu.
- I-CT Scan okanye i-MRI Scan:Ezi zinokubonelela ngomfanekiso ocacileyo wentliziyo kunye nezakhiwo ezingqongileyo.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokuba luncedo kakhulu ekufumaneni unobangela. Umzekelo, `Inani elipheleleyo legazi (i-CBC), `iTroponin` (ukujonga isifo sentliziyo), amanqanaba ehomoni ye-thyroid, kunye novavanyo lwezifo zenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Unyango luxhomekeke ekubeni imeko yakho imbi kangakanani kwaye yintoni ebangela oko.
Ayizizo zonke iimeko zokuphuma kwegazi entliziyweni ezifuna unyango. Ukuba ubungakanani bolwelo buncinci, abukhuli, kwaye awunazo iimpawu, ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni akujonge.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba inqanaba lolwelo liyanda ngokukhawuleza, uneempawu, okanye ukuba kukho imeko engxamisekileyo efana ne-cardiac tamponade, kufuneka unyango olukhawulezileyo.
Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zonyango:
1. Ukususwa kolwelo xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo
Oku kuquka ukususa ulwelo olugqithisileyo olujikeleze intliziyo, ukuvumela intliziyo ukuba isebenze ngokukhululekileyo.
- I-Pericardiocentesis: Kule nkqubo, ulusu esifubeni luyadinwa, kufakwa inaliti encinci kwisingxobo esijikeleze intliziyo phantsi kwesikhokelo se-echocardiogram, kwaye ulwelo olugqithisileyo luyakhutshwa kusetyenziswa isirinji. Ngamanye amaxesha ityhubhu encinci inokushiywa endaweni yayo kangangeentsuku ezininzi ukuze kuqhubeke kuphuma ulwelo.
- Ukususwa kolwelo ngotyando: Ngamanye amaxesha utyando luyimfuneko. Kwinkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS)," ikhamera ifakwa nge-incision encinci kwaye kwenziwa "ifestile" encinci kwisingxobo esijikeleze intliziyo. Ulwelo olugqithisileyo emva koko lukhutshelwa kwi-cavity enkulu ejikeleze imiphunga, apho lufunxwa khona emzimbeni.
2. Ukunyanga unobangela oyintloko
Emva kokuba ulwelo lususiwe, ukuze ulwelo lungazali kwakhona, unobangela oyintloko kufuneka unyangwe.
- Ukuba kukho usulelo, kunikwa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane .
- Ukuba kungenxa yokudumba, kunikwa amayeza okulwa nokuvuvukala .
- Ukuba kungenxa yomhlaza , kusetyenziswa unyango lwe-chemotherapy okanye i-radiation .
- Ukuba unesifo sezintso, kunokufuneka wenze i-dialysis .
Kwenzeka ntoni emva konyango? Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha?
Indlela okhawuleza ngayo ukuchacha kunye nexesha elithathayo ukuchacha kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:
- Isizathu sokuzaliswa kolwelo.
- Ubunzima bemeko.
- Unyango olufumeneyo.
- Impilo yakho iyonke.
Kwimeko engxamisekileyo efana ne-'Cardiac Tamponade', uya kuqala ukuziva ukhululekile kakhulu kwangoko emva kokuba ulwelo olujikeleze intliziyo lususiwe. Ugqirha wakho uhlala engumntu ofanelekileyo ukukunika umbono wexesha lakho lokuchacha.
Ukuba imeko ibangelwa sisizathu esinzulu, njengomhlaza okanye ingozi, amathuba okuchacha anokuba mancinci. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba isizathu asifumaneki, okanye ukuba sibangelwa yinto efana nosulelo oluqhelekileyo, amathuba okuchacha ngokupheleleyo aphezulu kakhulu.
Kunini apho kufuneka ngequbuliso uye kwi-ETU?
Le yeyona nxalenye ekufuneka uyiqwalasele kakhulu . Ukuba uyazi ukuba une-`Pericardial Effusion`, okanye ukuba ngequbuliso ufumanisa enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo lesibhedlele (`ETU`) ngokukhawuleza. Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu ze-`Cardiac Tamponade`.
- Intlungu ebuhlungu okanye ukuxinana kwesifuba.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza.
- Utshintsho kumbala wolusu (ukuba mthubi, ukuba ngwevu okanye luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka).
- Ukudinwa kakhulu, ukuquleka, okanye ukuphelelwa zingqondo.
- Ukuva intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza okanye ibetha ngamandla (ngaphezulu kwe-100 beats ngomzuzu).
Lumka kakhulu ngezi mpawu. Unyango olukhawulezileyo lunokusindisa ubomi bakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukuphuma kwegazi kwintliziyo kukuqokelelana okungaqhelekanga kolwelo kwingxowa ejikeleze intliziyo.
- Oku ngamanye amaxesha kungaba yimeko encinci engenazimpawu, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha inokuba yimeko engxamisekileyo esongela ubomi (`iCardiac Tamponade`).
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana neentlungu eziqatha esifubeni, ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye ukuquleka, cinga ukuba yingxamiseko kwaye yiya kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
- Unyango luxhomekeke kubungakanani bolwelo, ubunzima beempawu, kunye nesizathu esiyintloko.
- Ukuba unemibuzo okanye amathandabuzo malunga noku, ungaze uyityeshele. Bona ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuze akunike icebiso.
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