Ngaba wakha weva umntu esithi, "Kukho ulwelo olujikeleze intliziyo"? Mhlawumbi wena okanye umntu omaziyo ukhe waba nale meko, kwaye ugqirha uthethe ngonyango lwayo. Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kwaye unexhala xa usiva oku. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngonyango olukhethekileyo lwale meko, olunokusindisa ubomi ngamanye amaxesha. Lubizwa ngokuba yi-'Pericardiocentesis'. Masithethe ngale nto ngokulula, ngendlela wonke umntu anokuyiqonda.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iPericardiocentesis?
Khawuthelekelele ukuba intliziyo yethu ingaphakathi kwingxowa encinci. Esi sikhwama sibizwa ngokuba yi-pericardium ngokwezonyango. Umsebenzi waso kukukhusela intliziyo nokuyigcina kwindawo yayo efanelekileyo emzimbeni. Ngokwesiqhelo, kukho ulwelo oluncinci kakhulu phakathi kwesi sikhwama nentliziyo, nto leyo enceda ekunciphiseni ukungqubana kwentliziyo xa ibetha.
Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yezifo ezithile, ulwelo (amanzi) luqala ukuqokelelana ngaphakathi kwi-pericardium ngokungeyomfuneko . Siyibiza le meko ngokuthi 'i-Pericardial effusion'. Xa olu lwelo luqokelelana, olo lwelo lubeka uxinzelelo olukhulu entliziyweni. Ngenxa yolu xinzelelo, intliziyo ayikwazi ukubetha, ukufinyela, okanye ukwanda ngokufanelekileyo. Le yimeko engxamisekileyo eyingozi kakhulu nesongela ubomi. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'Cardiac tamponade'.
Ngoko ke, i-pericardiocentesis, ngokulula, yinkqubo apho olu lwelo lungafunekiyo oluqokelelene entliziyweni lususwa emzimbeni kusetyenziswa inaliti. Oku kunciphisa ngoko nangoko uxinzelelo entliziyweni kwaye kuvumela intliziyo ukuba isebenze ngokukhululekileyo kwakhona.
Ngubani ofuna olu nyango?
Olu nyango luyimfuneko kubantu abanolwelo olujikeleze intliziyo, olubizwa ngokuba yi-pericardial effusion. Ngamanye amaxesha lwenziwa njengonyango olungxamisekileyo, ingakumbi kwiimeko ezisongela ubomi ezifana ne-cardiac tamponade. Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba ayisiyongxamiseko, ikwasetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ukuba kutheni olu lwelo luqokelelana. Ulwelo olususiweyo lungathunyelwa kuvavanyo lokufumanisa unobangela.
Kunokubakho izizathu ezininzi zokuba ulwelo luqokeleleke entliziyweni. Makhe sijonge ezona ziphambili.
| Isizathu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Iimeko zomhlaza | Umhlaza oye wasasazeka kwenye indawo emzimbeni okanye umhlaza onxulumene nentliziyo. |
| Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo | Ingakumbi xa kukho ingxaki efana nokuqhekeka kodonga lwentliziyo ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yintliziyo. |
| Iintsholongwane | Isifo sephepha , usulelo lwebhaktiriya okanye lwentsholongwane (lunokwenzeka nasemva kokosulelwa yi -COVID-19 okanye kubantu abane -HIV ). |
| Izifo zomzimba ezibangelwa kukuzikhusela komzimba | Izifo ezifana ne -lupus kunye ne -rheumatoid arthritis. |
| Ezinye iimeko zonyango | Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo okanye kwezintso, i-hypothyroidism . |
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango | Ngenxa yamayeza athile okanye unyango lwemitha . |
| Amatyala angenasizathu esaziwayo | Ngamanye amaxesha akukho sizathu sithile sifumanekayo. |
Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi kolu nyango?
Nje ukuba ugqirha wakho akufumanise ukuba une-Pericardial effusion okanye i-Cardiac tamponade, uza kugqiba ukuba olu nyango kufuneka alwenze okanye angalwenzi na ngokusekelwe kubukhali balo.
Ngaphandle kokuba yingxamiseko, ugqirha wakho uza kucwangcisa idinga lakho. Ngokwesiqhelo, uza kucelwa ukuba uzile ukutya malunga neeyure ezisi-8 ngaphambi kwedinga lakho. Nangona kunjalo, uza kuvunyelwa ukuba usele iziselo, ezifana namanzi, ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezi-2 ngaphambi.
Ngaphambi kokuba kuqalwe unyango, iqela lezonyango liza kwenza oku kulandelayo:
- Ukufakwa kwetyuwa: Ityhubhu encinci (engena emthanjeni - umgca we-IV) ifakwa kumthambo osengalweni yakho. Oku kungasetyenziselwa ukunika amayeza okanye ulwelo ngqo emzimbeni wakho, ukuba kuyimfuneko.
- Ukulungiswa kolusu:Indawo apho inaliti iza kufakwa khona iyachetywa kwaye icocwe kakuhle ngesisombululo sokubulala iintsholongwane. Oku kunokunceda ukuthintela usulelo.
- Ukujonga iimpawu ezibalulekileyo: Iisensors zinamathele emzimbeni wakho ukulinganisa uxinzelelo lwegazi lakho, ukuphefumla, izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo, kunye namanqanaba eoksijini egazini . Uza kuqhagamshelwa kumatshini we-"ECG (Electrocardiogram)" ukuze ujonge umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo yakho.
- Ukubonelela ngeoksijini eyongezelelweyo: Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ioksijini inganikwa ngetyhubhu encinci efakwe empumlweni okanye ngemaski yomlomo.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lonyango?
Oku kwenziwa liqela loogqirha, abahlengikazi, kunye nabanye abasebenzi bobuchwephesha.
Isikhokelo somfanekiso
Ngaphambi kokufaka inaliti, ugqirha usebenzisa iskeni, efana ne-ultrasound (echocardiogram), ukuze afumane indawo ekhuselekileyo nelula yokukhangela ulwelo olujikeleze intliziyo. Olu skeni luvumela ukuba inaliti ifakwe phantsi kwesikhokelo sikagqirha, nto leyo enciphisa umngcipheko wokonakalisa intliziyo okanye amanye amalungu omzimba. Ngamanye amaxesha kusetyenziswa uhlobo lwe-X-ray olubizwa ngokuba yi-fluoroscopy.
Kwimeko engxamisekileyo nesongela ubomi, oku kungenziwa ngaphandle koncedo lweskeni efana nale. Kodwa oko kuyinto engaqhelekanga.
Ukufaka inaliti
Awuyi kulaliswa. Endaweni yoko, kuya kufakwa i-anesthetic yendawo kwindawo apho inaliti ifakwe khona, nto leyo eya kuyibangela ukuba loo ndawo ingabi nantlungu. Ngoko awuyi kuva ntlungu, kodwa ungaziva urhawuzelelwa kancinci.
Kukho iindawo ezininzi apho inaliti inokufakwa khona.
- Amaxesha amaninzi: Phantsi kwethambo elikhulu phakathi kwesifuba (sternum).
- Ezinye iindlela: Ngaphambili okanye ngokungangqalanga, phakathi kweembambo zesifuba.
Ugqirha, ngelixa ejonge iskeni, ufaka inaliti ngononophelo kwindawo egcwele ulwelo ejikeleze intliziyo, ephepha intliziyo. Emva koko, esebenzisa isirinji, ulwelo luyakhutshwa kancinci kancinci.
Ngokuxhomekeke kubungakanani bolwelo, le nkqubo ingathatha imizuzu eli-10 ukuya kwengama-20. Ukuba kukho ulwelo oluninzi, ityhubhu encinci (i-catheter) ingafakwa endaweni yenaliti ize ishiywe endaweni yayo usuku okanye ezimbini ukuze ikhuphe lonke ulwelo kancinci kancinci.
Xa umsebenzi ugqityiwe, inaliti okanye ityhubhu iyasuswa kwaye kufakwa iplasta encinci okanye ibhandishi kuloo ndawo.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva konyango?
Emva konyango, ugqirha angenza oku kulandelayo:
- Isampulu yolwelo olususiweyo ithunyelwa kwilebhu ukuze kuchongwe ukuba kutheni ulwelo luqokelelene.
- Kwenziwa olunye uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound (echocardiogram) ukuze kubonwe ukuba lonke ulwelo lususiwe na.
- Kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele usuku olunye okanye ezimbini. Ngeli xesha, abasebenzi bezonyango baya kuhlala bejonga imeko yakho.
Abantu abaninzi baqala ukuziva bekhululekile kakhulu xa ulwelo lususiwe. Iimpawu ezinje ngokuphefumla kancinci kunye nentlungu yesifuba ziyaphela ngokukhawuleza.
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengozi zale ndlela yonyango?
Njengalo naluphi na unyango lwezonyango, olu lunezibonelelo kunye neengozi.
Iingenelo eziphambili
- Ukusindisa ubomi: Kwimeko engxamisekileyo efana ne-cardiac tamponade, oku kunokusindisa ubomi ngokunciphisa ngoko nangoko uxinzelelo entliziyweni.
- Ukunceda ekuxilongweni: Ukuhlola ulwelo, ukufumana unobangela, kunye nokubonelela ngesikhokelo malunga nonyango oluchanekileyo.
- Kulula kunotyando: Le yinkqubo ekhawulezayo nelula kunetyando olukhulu.
Iingozi ezinokwenzeka (Iingxaki)
Ekubeni kwenziwa ngoncedo lweskeni, umngcipheko uphantsi kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba inaliti idlula kufutshane kakhulu nezitho ezibalulekileyo ezifana nentliziyo nemiphunga, iingxaki zinokwenzeka kwipesenti encinci yamatyala.
- Umonakalo wentliziyo: Ukuba inaliti ibetha intliziyo, inokubangela ukopha, ukubetha kwentliziyo okungahambelaniyo (i-arrhythmia), okanye ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo. Ezi zizinto ezinzulu kakhulu kwaye zinokufuna utyando olungxamisekileyo.
- Ukonakala kwemiphunga: Ukuba imiphunga ibhobokile, ingadilika.
- Ukonakala kwamanye amalungu omzimba: I-diaphragm, isibindi, isisu, okanye imithambo yegazi emikhulu inokuba yonakele.
- Usulelo: Iintsholongwane zingangena kwindawo apho inaliti ifakwe khona. Ukuba olu sulelo lusasazeka emzimbeni wonke, lunokubangela imeko esongela ubomi ebizwa ngokuba yi-'sepsis'.
Kodwa khumbula, ezi ngozi azixhaphakanga. Iingenelo zokufumana olu nyango zihlala zinkulu kakhulu kunokungabi nalo, ingakumbi xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba ndiphile kwaye kufuneka ndiphinde ndiye kugqirha kwakhona?
Ngokwesiqhelo uya kukwazi ukuya ekhaya kungekapheli usuku okanye ezimbini. Ixesha elithathayo ukuze uphile ngokupheleleyo lixhomekeke kubukhali bemeko yakho, unobangela wokuqokelelwa kolwelo, kunye naluphi na olunye unyango olufumanayo. Ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba ungaqhubeka nini nemisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla.
Ukuba ufumanisa naziphi na iimpawu emva kokubuyela ekhaya, kufuneka uye esibhedlele okanye kwigumbi likaxakeka (ETU) ngoko nangoko.
| Iimpawu ezifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo | |
|---|---|
| Iimpawu zeCardiac Tamponade | |
| |
| Iimpawu zosulelo (Usulelo/iSepsis) | |
|
Kwabanye abantu, olu hlobo lokuqokelelana kolwelo lunokuphinda lubuye. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, ugqirha wakho unokukuthumela kugqirha ukuze akunike isisombululo esihlala sihleli, njengefestile ye-pericardial.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Pericardiocentesis yinkqubo ebalulekileyo, edla ngokusindisa ubomi esusa ulwelo olungafunekiyo oluqokelelene entliziyweni yakho.
- Oku kwenziwa ngeskeni, kwaye awuyi kuva ntlungu ingako kuba ayibonakali.
- Xa kuthelekiswa neenzuzo, iingozi ezinokubakho ziphantsi kakhulu.
- Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ezifana neentlungu esifubeni, ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye umkhuhlane emva konyango, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye esibhedlele.
- Ukuba uneminye imibuzo, uloyiko, okanye amathandabuzo malunga nolu nyango, thetha ngalo ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho. Baza kukuchazela yonke into.
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