Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva udiniwe ngendlela engaqhelekanga ngaphandle kwesizathu? Okanye uziva ungaphumli, ngokungathi uncipha umzimba? Mhlawumbi kukho ukudumba okuncinci ngaphambili entanyeni yakho, okanye into efana naleyo, njengentlungu xa uyichukumisa? Ngamanye amaxesha emva kwezi zinto kunokubakho ingxaki kwi-thyroid gland yakho. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngesi sifo siqhelekileyo, kodwa esingaziwayo esibizwa ngokuba yi-'thyroiditis'.
Okokuqala, masibone, yintoni le ndlala ye-thyroid?
Ngamafutshane, i-thyroid gland sisitho esincinci esimile okwebhabhathane esiphantsi kolusu ngaphambili entanyeni yethu. Siyinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo ye-endocrine yomzimba wethu. Imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo emzimbeni, efana nokubetha kwentliziyo, ubushushu bomzimba, kunye nesantya esiguqula ngaso ukutya esikutyayo sibe ngamandla (i-metabolism), ilawulwa zii-hormones eziveliswa yile gland incinci.
Ngoku, yintoni i -Thyroiditis ? Kukudumba okanye ukudumba kwe-thyroid gland. Kanye njengokuba xa sifumana ukwenzakala kwindawo ethile emzimbeni wethu, indawo iyadumba ibe bomvu, xa i-thyroid gland yonakele ngesizathu esithile, nayo iyadumba. Oku kudumba kunokuphazamisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwe-thyroid gland. Oko kukuthi, iqala ukuvelisa iihomoni ezininzi kakhulu, okanye ivelise ezimbalwa kakhulu.
Amanqanaba amathathu aphambili e-thyroiditis zezi:
Kwiimeko ezininzi ze-thyroiditis, umzimba wakho ungadlula kwiinqanaba ezintathu eziphambili. Kufana nokusebenza kumzi-mveliso.
1. Isigaba se-Thyrotoxic: Oku kufana nomzi-mveliso ophuma ngaphandle kolawulo uze ngequbuliso ukhuphe imveliso eninzi kakhulu kwimarike. Xa i-thyroid gland idumba, ii-hormone ezigcinwe ngaphakathi kuyo zikhutshwa ngequbuliso ziye egazini. Oku kubangela ukuba amanqanaba e-thyroid hormone yakho anyuke kakhulu kangangeeveki ezimbalwa okanye inyanga okanye ezimbini.
2. Isigaba se-Hypothyroid: Ngoku ekubeni umzi-mveliso ukhuphe zonke iimpahla ngaxeshanye, abasenazo izinto zokwenza kwakhona. Kwakhona, emva kokuba zonke iihomoni zikhutshiwe kwi-gland ziye egazini, kuvela imeko apho iihomoni ezintsha zingenakwenziwa. Ngenxa yoko, izinga leehomoni ze-thyroid emzimbeni wakho liyehla kakhulu. Kwezinye iintlobo ze-Thyroiditis, umzekelo, i-Hashimoto's thyroiditis, eli nqanaba liphantsi leehomoni linokuba yinto engapheliyo.
3. Isigaba se-Euthyroid: Eli linqanaba lokuchacha. Kanye njengokuba umzi-mveliso uqala ukusebenza kwakhona kwaye uvelisa izinto njengesiqhelo, i-thyroid gland iyaphiliswa kwaye iqalise ukuvelisa iihomoni ngokwesiqhelo kwakhona. Abanye abantu banokungena kweli nqanaba ngqo emva kwesigaba se-hormone ephezulu, okanye banokungena kweli nqanaba emva kwesigaba se-hormone ephantsi.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-thyroiditis?
I-thyroiditis ayisosifo esinye. Liqela lezifo ezinokubangelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo. Makhe sijonge iintlobo eziphambili.
| Uhlobo lwe-thyroiditis | Ngamafutshane, oku kwenzekayo. |
|---|---|
| Isifo se-thyroid sikaHashimoto | Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba inkqubo yomzimba wethu yokuzikhusela ihlasela i-thyroid gland yayo. Esi sisifo esibangelwa kukuzimela komzimba. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, i-gland inokonakala kwaye imveliso yeehomoni inokuncipha ngokusisigxina (Hypothyroidism). |
| I-thyroiditis ethule okanye engenabuhlungu | Le yimeko yokuzikhusela komzimba. Njengoko igama lisitsho, akukho ntlungu entanyeni, kodwa ungabona izigaba zokunyuka nokwehla kweehomoni. |
| I-postpartum thyroiditis | Le yimeko enokwenzeka koomama kunyaka wokuqala wokufumana umntwana. Unobangela yi-autoimmune. Uninzi lwexesha, iba yeyokwexeshana. |
| I-thyroiditis ebangelwa yimitha | Ingabangelwa lunyango lwe-radiation lomhlaza okanye unyango lwe-radioactive iodine ukwandisa iihomoni ze-thyroid. |
| I-Subacute thyroiditis | Kukholelwa ukuba oku kubangelwa lusulelo olubangelwa yintsholongwane. Kunokwenzeka emva kokuba umphimbo obuhlungu okanye umkhuhlane udlulile. Kusenokubakho iintlungu eziqatha entanyeni. |
| I-thyroiditis ehlaselayo ebukhali | Oku kunqabile kakhulu. Kwenzeka xa intsholongwane, efana nebhaktheriya, ingena kwi-thyroid gland ize iyosulele. Nalapha, iintlungu eziqatha kunye nomkhuhlane zinokwenzeka. |
| I-thyroiditis ebangelwa ngamayeza | Inokwenzeka njengesiphumo esingesihle seminye imithi (umz. i-Amiodarone, iLithium, ii-Interferons). Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu othatha la mayeza oza kuyivelisa. |
Ziziphi iimpawu ze-Thyroiditis?
Iimpawu zixhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-thyroiditis onayo kunye nenqanaba (ii-hormone eziphezulu okanye eziphantsi) okulo. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ezinokubakho kwezi zigaba zimbini.
| Iimpawu zokwanda kwamahomoni (i-Thyrotoxicosis) | Iimpawu zehomoni eziphantsi (iHypothyroidism) |
|---|---|
| Ukuziva ngathi intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza | Ndiziva ndidiniwe ngalo lonke ixesha (Ukudinwa) |
| Ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu | Ukunyuka kobunzima ngaphandle kwesizathu |
| Ndiziva ndilambile ngalo lonke ixesha | Ukuqhinwa |
| Ukungazoli, ukucaphuka | Ukudakumba okanye ukuziva ulusizi |
| Ukungalali | Ulusu olomileyo |
| Ukubila okugqithisileyo, ukuziva ushushu | Ukunganyamezelani nokubanda |
| Iingxolo | Ubuthathaka bemisipha |
| - | Ubunzima bokugxila |
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga, i-hyperthyroidism enganyangwanga inokukhokelela kwimeko esongela ubomi ebizwa ngokuba yi-'thyroid storm'. Ukuba uneempawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane ophezulu (ngaphezulu kwe-104 F), ukubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo kakhulu (ngaphezulu kwe-140 beats ngomzuzu), okanye ukudideka, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane nawe ngoko nangoko. Le yingxamiseko yezonyango.
Uyifumana njani le nto, Gqirha?
Ukuba unale mpawu, ugqirha wakho uza kuqala akubuze ngeempawu zakho aze ahlole intamo yakho. Emva koko, ukuba kukho i-thyroiditis erhanelekayo, baya kuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi, ezifana nezi:
- Uvavanyo lomsebenzi we-thyroid: Olu luvavanyo lwegazi. Lulinganisa amanqanaba eehomoni i-TSH, i-T3, kunye ne-T4 egazini lakho. Oku kunokukuxelela ngqo ukuba ukwinqanaba eliphezulu okanye eliphantsi leehomoni.
- I-ultrasound ye-thyroid: Oku kunokujonga ubume kunye nobukhulu be-thyroid gland, ukuba kukho na amaqhuma kuyo, kunye nendlela ukujikeleza kwegazi okuhamba ngayo.
- Uvavanyo lwe-thyroid antibody: Olu vavanyo lwegazi lunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba i-thyroiditis yakho ibangelwa yimeko yokuzikhusela komzimba.
- Uvavanyo lwe-ESR kunye ne-CRP: Olu vavanyo lwegazi lukwaluvavanyo lwegazi. Lubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuba kukho ukudumba emzimbeni. Olu vavanyo luphezulu kakhulu kwi-subacute kunye ne-acute thyroiditis.
- Ukuthathwa kwe-iodine enemisebe (uvavanyo lwe-RAIU):Oku kuquka ukukunika inani elincinci le-iodine ene-radioactive ukuze usele uze ulinganise ukuba ingakanani i-iodine efunxwe yi-thyroid gland yakho emva kweeyure ezimbalwa. Oku kufunxwa kuncinci kakhulu ngexesha lesigaba se-thyroiditis esisebenza kakhulu ngamahomoni.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Unyango luxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-thyroiditis onayo kunye neempawu zakho.
Unyango lokungalingani kwamahomoni
Ekubeni eli nqanaba lidla ngokuba lelexeshana, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza, anjenge-beta-blockers, ukulawula iimpawu ezifana nokubetheka kwentliziyo kunye nokungcangcazela. Amayeza adla ngokuyekiswa xa iimpawu ziphelile.
Unyango lokungabikho kwamahomoni
Ukuba unesifo esibangela ukungabikho kweehomoni ngokusisigxina, njengeHashimoto's thyroiditis, ugqirha wakho uya kukunika iipilisi zehomoni ze-thyroid zangaphandle (ezifana ne-levothyroxine). Ezi zisenokufuneka zithathwe ubomi bakho bonke.
Kwezinye iintlobo, ukuba ukungabikho kwehomoni kungokwexeshana, ezi pilisi zehomoni zinikwa malunga neenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-12, emva koko ziyekwe kwaye i-gland iyabonakala isebenza kwakhona.
Ezinye iindlela zonyango ezithile
- Kwiintlungu: Iipilisi zokubulala iintlungu (ii-NSAID) zinikwa kwiimeko ezibuhlungu ezifana ne-subacute thyroiditis. Ukuba iintlungu zinzima, unyango lwe-steroid lunokufuneka.
- Kwizifo: Ii-antibiotics zinikwa kwizifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane ezifana ne-thyroiditis ehlaselayo ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba ithumba lenzekile, kunokufuneka likhutshwe ngenaliti.
- Utyando: Kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga kakhulu, ezifana neRiedel thyroiditis, utyando lunokufuneka.
Ngaba oku akunakuthintelwa?
Ngelishwa, akukho ndlela yokuthintela uninzi lweentlobo ze-thyroiditis, njengoko uninzi lwazo lubangelwa yinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumana unyango lwe-radiation yesifo okanye uthatha amayeza anokubangela i-thyroiditis, ungathetha nogqirha wakho ngayo kwaye uqaphele iingozi.
Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-thyroiditis, ungoyiki. Le yimeko enokunyangwa kakuhle, ilawulwe, kwaye inyangeke. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ubuye rhoqo ukuze uhlolwe.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-thyroiditis kukudumba kwe-thyroid gland. Ayingomhlaza.
- Kule meko, iihomoni zinokwanda ekuqaleni (hyperthyroidism), emva koko zinciphe (hypothyroidism).
- Nika ingqalelo ukuba uneempawu ezifana nokutshintsha kobunzima ngendlela engachazekiyo, ukudinwa kakhulu, ukungazinzi, iintlungu zentamo, okanye ukudumba.
- Le meko inokuchongwa ngokulula ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okulula kunye neeskeni.
- Kukho unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu kwiintlobo ezininzi ze-thyroiditis. Ezinye zezokwexeshana, ngelixa ezinye zisenokufuna unyango lwexesha elide.
- Ukuba unemibuzo okanye amathandabuzo malunga noku, thetha nogqirha wakho ngokukhululekileyo ngako.
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