Ngaba wakha weva 'ngentliziyo yokwenziwa'? Mhlawumbi ukhe wayibukela kwimuvi. Kodwa ngaba uyazi ngokwenene ukuba yintoni, ngubani oyidingayo, kwaye isebenza njani? Namhlanje, siza kuthetha nje ngesi sixhobo simangalisayo esinceda ukugcina umntu onesifo sentliziyo esingasebenzi kakuhle de intliziyo entsha ikwazi ukufakelwa.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni intliziyo yokwenziwa?
Intliziyo yokwenziwa yimpompo yoomatshini efakwa emzimbeni xa amagumbi amabini asezantsi entliziyo yakho, abizwa ngokuba zii-ventricles, engasebenzi kakuhle. Iintliziyo zethu zineendawo ezimbini ezinjalo, i-ventricles yasekhohlo neyasekunene. Xa intliziyo yokwenziwa iyonke ifakwa, zombini ezi ndawo ziyasuswa kwaye esi sixhobo sifakwe endaweni yazo.
Ngoko ke, oko iiseli zentliziyo yakho zingenakukwenza, okukupompa igazi emzimbeni wakho, kwenziwa yile ntliziyo yokwenziwa. Esi sixhobo siqhagamshelwe kumagumbi amabini aphezulu entliziyo yakho (i-'atria') nakwimithambo yegazi emikhulu.
Isebenza njani le sixhobo?
Khawuthelekelele oku, kusenokuvakala kungaqhelekanga. Le ntliziyo yokwenziwa ifumana amandla ayo kwi-air compressor ephathekayo (okanye `umqhubi`) engaphandle komzimba wakho. Umoya ovela kulo `mqhubi` udlula kwiityhubhu ezimbini ezincinci (`iidrivelines`) ukuya entliziyweni yokwenziwa kwaye uyincede ukuba ipompe ngesingqi.
Ezi tyhubhu zimbini ziphuma emzimbeni ngesikhumba sesisu sakho zize ziqhagamshele ku-'driver'. Ungayitshaja ibhetri yalo 'driver' ekhaya okanye emotweni. Njenge-'power bank' yeefowuni zethu, ungayiphatha le 'bhegi' xa uhamba.
Ewe, kusenokubonakala kungaqhelekanga ukuba nesixhobo soomatshini esifubeni sakho, kodwa obu buchwephesha busindise ubomi bamawaka abantu abalinde ukufakelwa intliziyo.
Ngubani ofuna intliziyo yokwenziwa?
Iingxaki zentliziyo ezinzima zinokubangela ukuba intliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi ngokufanelekileyo emzimbeni wonke. Kulapho ke kufuneka khona intliziyo yokwenziwa. Idla ngokusetyenziswa njenge "bhulorho yokufakelwa" intliziyo. Oko kukuthi, inceda ukugcina isigulana siphilile kwaye somelele de kubekho intliziyo evela kumxhasi ofanelekileyo.
Umntu onezi meko zilandelayo unokufuna intliziyo yokwenziwa.
| Imeko yezonyango | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukumelwa yintliziyo | Intliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa igazi elaneleyo emzimbeni. |
| Uhlaselo olukhulu lwentliziyo | Xa kukho umonakalo omkhulu kwimisipha yentliziyo. |
| Iingxaki zentliziyo ezizalwa nazo | Kwabanye abantu abazalwa beneziphene ezinzima. |
| I-Cardiomyopathy | Ukubuthathaka, ukuqina, okanye ukuqina kwemisipha yentliziyo. |
| Isixhobo se-LVAD esingasebenzi kakuhle | Xa isixhobo se-LVAD (Left Ventricular Assist Device) esisetyenziselwa ukuxhasa i-ventricle yasekhohlo singasebenzi. |
| Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (i-Arrhythmia) | Iipateni zentliziyo ezingaqhelekanga ezisongela ubomi. |
Xa intliziyo yakho ingasebenzi kakuhle, unokufumana iimpawu ezifana nezi:
- Ukuhlala uziva udiniwe kakhulu.
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi).
- Ukudumba (i-edema) emzimbeni, ingakumbi amaqatha nesisu .
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla (ukuphelelwa ngamandla).
- Ukungakhululeki xa ulele ebhedini.
Uzilungiselela njani ngaphambi kotyando?
Ngenxa yokuba olu lutyando olukhulu, kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele ubuncinane iveki ngaphambi kotyando. Ngeli xesha, iqela lezonyango liza kukufundisa wena nosapho lwakho ngentliziyo yokwenziwa, indlela eza kuyichaphazela ngayo ubomi bakho, kunye nento omawuyenze ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki.
Kwakhona, kuza kwenziwa uvavanyo oluninzi ukuze kubonwe ukuba usempilweni ngokwaneleyo na ukuba utyando luqhubeke.
Uvavanyo lwangaphambi kotyando
- Uvavanyo lwegazi
- Iskeni ye-CT
- I-X-reyi yesifuba
- I-Electrocardiogram (ECG okanye i-EKG)
- I-Echocardiogram (i-Echocardiogram)
- Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wemiphunga
Indlela oluqhutywa ngayo utyando
Olu tyando lwenziwa liqela leengcali, kuquka oogqirha bentliziyo. Uza kufakwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia jikelele kwaye kuza kufakwa ityhubhu yokuphefumla ukuze ikuncede uphefumle.
1. Okokuqala, ugqirha uza kusika isifuba sakho ngokusika ithambo eliphakathi kwesifuba sakho. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-`(Sternotomy)`.
2. Emva koko, baza kukunika amayeza okuthintela ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho okwethutyana.
3. Ngexesha lotyando, uza kuqhagamshelwa kumatshini we-"heart-lung bypass machine" ukuze ujikeleze igazi lakho.
4. Emva koko, amagumbi amabini angaphantsi abuthathaka ('ii-ventricles') zentliziyo yakho ayasuswa.
5. Endaweni yoko , kufakelwa intliziyo yokwenziwa , eyidibanisa namagumbi aphezulu entliziyo (`atria`) kunye nemithambo ephambili.
6. Ekugqibeleni, umatshini wokudlula intliziyo nemiphunga uyamiswa kwaye intliziyo yokwenziwa iyasebenza.
Lonke utyando lungathatha malunga neeyure ezili-9. Olu lutyando oluntsonkothileyo kakhulu.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando?
Emva kotyando, uza kungeniswa kwigumbi lonyango olunzima (ICU). Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala, uza kuqhagamshelwa kwi-ventilator ukukunceda uphefumle. Uza kunikwa ukutya okunesondlo ngetyhubhu okanye i-saline (IV). Uza kunikwa namayeza entlungu.
Njengoko uphila kancinci kancinci, uya kukwazi ukuphefumla wedwa, ukutya nokusela, nokuhambahamba esibhedlele kancinci kancinci.
Into ekhethekileyo kukuba emva kotyando, oogqirha abasivali isifuba sakho ngoko nangoko. Ngenxa yokuba bafuna ukujonga into engaphakathi esifubeni kwakhona okanye bayinyange lula xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo, isifuba siyavalwa ngokupheleleyo emva kosuku olunye.
Zithini iingenelo kunye neengozi?
Inzuzo ephambili
Eyona nzuzo inkulu yoku kukuba isindisa ubomi . Ngaphandle kwentliziyo yokwenziwa, abantu abaninzi bayafa ngelixa belinde intliziyo ehambelanayo. Emva kotyando, kancinci kancinci ufumana amandla kwaye uqala ukuziva ungcono kunangaphambili. Oku kukunika amandla nempilo efunekayo ukuze wenze utyando lwentliziyo.
Iingozi kunye neengxaki
Izigulana ezifuna intliziyo yokwenziwa sele zikwimeko embi kakhulu yempilo. Utyando kunye nokuhlala usebenzisa esi sixhobo kunokubangela iingozi ezithile.
- Amahlwili egazi
- Istroke
- Ukopha kakhulu
- Usulelo
- Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso okanye kwesibindi
- Igazi elonyukayo
Ezi zezona ngozi ziphambili. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto kuqala.
Ukuchacha nokuzinyamekela
Emva kotyando, kuya kufuneka ululame esibhedlele kangangenyanga. Emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya, ungenza imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla. Ungamthwala loo 'mqhubi' endimkhankanye ngaphambili 'ngebhegi' uze uhambehamba ngokukhululeka.
Nantsi indlela omele uzinyamekele ngayo:
- Yiya kuhlolwa ngugqirha ngemihla emiselweyo.
- Sela amayeza amiselweyo ukuthintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi kunye nosulelo ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
- Yitya ukutya okunempilo okunempilo entliziyweni.
- lala kamnandi.
- Thatha inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zokuvuselela intliziyo ukuba ugqirha wakho ucebisa.
Ixesha lokubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza
Ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu zilandelayo emva kotyando, kufuneka ufowunele ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko .
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ifiva | Kungaba luphawu losulelo emzimbeni. |
| Iimpawu zeStroke | Ukugoba kwelinye icala lobuso, ubunzima bokuthetha, ukuphelelwa yimvakalelo engalweni. |
| Ukuxhuzula kwemithambo yegazi (pulmonary embolism) | Ukuphelelwa ngumphefumlo ngequbuliso, iintlungu esifubeni. |
| Iimpawu zosulelo | Ububomvu, ukudumba, kunye nobomvu kwindawo apho umbhobho ungena khona emzimbeni. |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Intliziyo yokwenziwa yimpompo yoomatshini yexeshana egcina izigulana ezinesifo sentliziyo esinzima ziphila de kwenziwe utyando lwentliziyo.
- Oku kufuna utyando olukhulu nolunzima kwaye kuthatha ixesha elide ukuba umntu aphile.
- Ukuze uhlale nale sixhobo, kufuneka isixhobo sombane sangaphandle (`umqhubi`), ekufuneka siphathwe nawe ngamaxesha onke.
- Kubalulekile ukulandela iingcebiso zonyango kunye nokusela amayeza ngokufanelekileyo, njengoko kukho iingozi ezifana nokuqhekeka kwegazi, usulelo, kunye nesifo sohlangothi.
- Yazisa ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuba ubona naziphi na iimpawu ezilumkisayo, ezinjengomkhuhlane, iimpawu zestroke, okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla.
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