Kuyini i-Ultrasound Scan? Ingabe kuyinto okufanele uyesabe? Ake sixoxe! (I-Ultrasound)

Namuhla sizokhuluma ngento abantu abaningi abaye bezwa ngayo futhi mhlawumbe nawe uke wayenza ngesikhathi esithile. Leso yi -Ultrasound scan . Abanye abantu bayibiza nangokuthi i-Sonography noma i-Ultrasonography. Yini ngempela eyenzayo? Kungani ibaluleke kangaka empilweni yethu? Ake sixoxe ngakho konke lokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.

Kuyini ngempela ukuskena nge-ultrasound?

Kalula nje, i-ultrasound ukuhlolwa okuthatha izithombe noma amavidiyo ezicubu ezithambile ezingaphakathi emizimbeni yethu, njengezitho zomzimba nemithambo yegazi, ngaphandle kokwenza noma yikuphi ukusikeka. Lezi zithombe sizibiza ngokuthi i-sonogram.

Cabanga nje, lena yindlela yokubona okungaphakathi emzimbeni wakho, njengaku-TV. Lokhu kusebenzisa amaza omsindo avame kakhulu ukudala lezi zithombe. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ayisebenzisi noma yimiphi imisebe, njenge-X-ray. Leyo inzuzo enkulu ngempela, akunjalo?

Lo mshini we-ultrasound usebenza kanjani?

Uma uya kohlolwa nge-ultrasound, udokotela noma uchwepheshe oqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile uzohambisa kancane kancane idivayisi encane ebizwa ngokuthi i-transducer noma i-probe endaweni yomzimba wakho edinga ukuhlolwa.

Ngaphambi kwalokho, inani elincane lejeli lifakwa esikhumbeni sakho. Le jeli isiza amaza omsindo avela ku-transducer ukuthi ahambe emzimbeni wakho ngaphandle kwezithiyo. Ungakhathazeki, le jeli ngeke ilimaze isikhumba sakho noma izingubo zakho.

Ngemuva kwalokho, i-probe iguqula ugesi ube amaza omsindo avame kakhulu bese iwathumela ezicutshini zomzimba wakho. Awukwazi ukuzwa lawa maza omsindo. Lawa maza omsindo ashaya izitho nezicubu ezahlukahlukene emzimbeni wakho bese ebuyela emuva ku-probe. I-probe iguqula amaza abuyayo abe amasignali kagesi. Ngemuva kwalokho, ikhompyutha eseduze iguqula lawo maphethini esignali kagesi abe izithombe noma amavidiyo esikhathi sangempela bese iwabonisa ku-monitha. Kufana nomlingo, akunjalo?

Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-ultrasound scans ezikhona?

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuskena nge-ultrasound. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.

1. I-Ultrasound ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa (i-ultrasound yokukhulelwa / i-ultrasound yangaphambi kokubeletha)

2. I-ultrasound yokuxilonga

3. I-Ultrasound esetshenziswa njengesiqondiso sokwelashwa kwezokwelapha (isiqondiso se-Ultrasound sezinqubo)

Manje ake sixoxe ngezinhlobo ngazinye zalezi ngemininingwane ethe xaxa.

1. I-Ultrasound ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa (i-Ultrasound yangaphambi kokubeletha)

Uma abantu abaningi becabanga nge-ultrasound, into yokuqala efika engqondweni ukuskena okwenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Kuyiqiniso lokho. Sikubiza ngokuthi i-ultrasound yokukhulelwa noma i-ultrasound yokubeletha. Lokhu kunganikeza ulwazi oluningi olubalulekile kumama kanye nomntwana osesibelethweni.

Kungani odokotela besebenzisa le ultrasound yokukhulelwa?

• Qinisekisa ukuthi ukhulelwe yini.
• Hlola ukuthi kukhona yini izingane ezingaphezu kweyodwa esibelethweni (njengamawele).
• Linganisa ukuthi usunesikhathi esingakanani ukhulelwe kanye nobudala bokukhulelwa komntwana .
• Hlola ukukhula kwengane kanye nendawo yayo esibelethweni (indlela ingane ebekwe ngayo).
• Hlola ukunyakaza kwengane kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo .
• Hlola noma yiziphi izimo zokuzalwa (iziphambeko zokuzalwa) ebuchosheni bomntwana, emgogodleni, enhliziyweni, noma kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
• Hlola ukuthi kukhona yini uketshezi lwe-amniotic olwanele oluzungeze umntwana.

Odokotela bavame ukuncoma i-ultrasound cishe amasonto angama-20 . Lokhu kungasiza ekuqapheni ukukhula kwengane kanye nempilo yayo. Lokhu kuskena kungase kwembule ngisho nobulili bomntwana. Ungatshela uchwepheshe kusenesikhathi uma ufuna ukwazi lokhu noma cha.

Uma kukhona ukusola kwenkinga noma isimo sokuzalwa, udokotela angase acele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.

2. I-Ultrasound Yokuxilonga

Manje ake sibone ukuthi i-Ultrasound ingasiza kanjani ekuxilongeni izifo noma sibone ukuthi kunenkinga yini engxenyeni ethile yomzimba. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi i-Diagnostic Ultrasound .

Cabanga ukuthi unobuhlungu obungapheli obungenangqondo, ukuvuvukala/ukuqunjelwa okusha endaweni ethile emzimbeni wakho, noma imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi engajwayelekile... Ezikhathini ezinjengalezi, lokhu kuskena kungaba usizo kakhulu ekutholeni ukuthi yini ebangela lokhu.

Eziningi ze-ultrasound zokuxilonga, i-transducer ``(probe)`` engikhulume ngayo ekuqaleni ibekwa ngaphezu kwesikhumba. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, isibonelo, i-probe ingadinga ukufakwa esithweni sangasese sowesifazane noma e-rectum. Uhlobo lwe-ultrasound yokuxilonga onayo luzoncika ezimpawini zakho kanye nesinqumo sikadokotela wakho.

Nazi ezinye izibonelo zezinhlobo ze-ultrasound zokuxilonga:

• I-ultrasound yesisu: Lokhu kuhilela ukudlulisa i-probe phezu kwesikhumba sesisu. Ingabona izimo eziningi ezingabangela ubuhlungu besisu.
• I-ultrasound yezinso (izinso):Isetshenziselwa ukuhlola usayizi, indawo, kanye nesimo sezinso, kanye nezingxenye ezihlobene nazo njenge-ureter kanye nesinye. Ingabona ama-cyst ahlobene nezinso, izimila, ukuvinjelwa, kanye nezifo.
• I-ultrasound yebele: Lokhu kusiza ukuthola amaqhubu kanye nama-cyst agcwele uketshezi emabeleni. Udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuthi kwenziwe i-ultrasound yebele uma kutholakala ukungajwayelekile ku-mammogram.
• I-Doppler ultrasound: Lolu uhlobo olukhethekile lwe-ultrasound. Lungahlola ukuthi izinto ezifana negazi zihamba kanjani ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Okusho ukuthi, udokotela angabona ukuthi igazi ligeleza kanjani emithanjeni nasemithanjeni yomzimba wakho. Le ndlela ye-Doppler ivame ukusetshenziswa njengengxenye ye-ultrasound yokuxilonga noma njengengxenye ye-vascular ultrasound.
• I-ultrasound yesinqe: Lokhu kubheka izitho ezisesinqeni (phakathi kwamathambo esinqe, esiswini esingezansi). Isibonelo, kuhlolwa isinyi, indlala ye-prostate (kwabesilisa), i-rectum, ama-ovari, isibeletho, kanye nesitho sangasese sowesifazane.
• I-ultrasound ye-Transvaginal: Kulokhu, kufakwa i-probe esithweni sangasese sowesifazane. Lokhu kusiza ukubona kahle izitho zesistimu yokuzala, njengesibeletho nama-ovari. Lokhu kungabhekwa futhi njenge-ultrasound yesikhala se-pelvic.
• I-ultrasound ye-thyroid: Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukuhlola i-thyroid gland, isitho esimise okwebhabhathane entanyeni. Kungalinganisa ubukhulu be-gland futhi kubheke amaqhubu noma ezinye izinkinga.
• I-ultrasound eqondile: Kulokhu, kufakwa i-probe e-rectum. Isetshenziselwa ukuhlola i-rectum noma izicubu ezizungezile, isibonelo, i-prostate gland kwabesilisa.

3. I-Ultrasound njengesiqondiso sokwelashwa kwezokwelapha

Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela basebenzisa i-ultrasound ukuze babasize benze izinqubo ezithile ngokunembile. Isibonelo, lapho befaka inalithi ukuze bathathe isampula yoketshezi noma izicubu endaweni ethile emzimbeni (njenge-biopsy), i-ultrasound isetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inalithi iya endaweni efanele.

Nazi ezinye izimo ezinjalo:

• Thatha amasampula emisipha.
• Thatha amasampula emalungeni.
• Thatha amasampula emisipheni.
• Thatha amasampula avela kuma-cyst noma emaqoqweni oketshezi.
• Thatha amasampula avela ezicutshini ezithambile.
• Thatha amasampula ezithweni ezifana nesibindi, izinso kanye ne-prostate.
• Thatha amasampula ezithweni ezitshaliwe (isibindi, izinso, amanyikwe).

Okunye ukusetshenziswa kwesiqondiso se-ultrasound:

• Ukudluliselwa kwe-embryo ukuze kukhuleliswe i-in vitro (IVF) kwenzeka lapho i-embryo idluliselwa esibelethweni.
• Ama-nerve block asetshenziswa ekwelapheni ukuvimba imizwa.
• Ngemva kokufaka i-IUD (idivayisi yangaphakathi kwesibeletho), hlola ukuthi isendaweni yayo.
• Ezinqubweni zokuhlonza ngokunembile indawo engavamile (isilonda) emzimbeni, `(Izinqubo zokuthola indawo yezilonda)`.

Ziyini i-3D kanye ne-4D Ultrasound?

Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa nge-3D kanye ne-4D scan ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. I-Prenatal Ultrasound esivame ukukhuluma ngayo i- 2D (enezici ezimbili) . Lokhu kusho ukuthi izitho zangaphakathi zomntwana kanye nezakhiwo zakhe zibhekwa njengesithombe esiyisicaba. Lokhu kuvumela udokotela ukuthi abheke kahle izitho zangaphakathi zomntwana kanye nezakhiwo zakhe.

I-ultrasound ye-3D (enezici ezintathu) ingabonisa izici zobuso bomntwana, futhi mhlawumbe ngisho neminwe nezinzwane, ngezilinganiso ezintathu. I-ultrasound ye-4D (enezici ezine) yilapho lezi zithombe ze-3D zibukwa khona zinyakaza, njengevidiyo.

Kodwa nansi into ebalulekile okufanele uyikhumbule. Odokotela abavami ukusebenzisa ama-scan e-3D noma e-4D ngaphandle kwezizathu zezokwelapha (njengokuthola inkinga ebusweni bomntwana noma ohlelweni lwamathambo). Kodwa-ke, ama-ultrasound e-3D angaba usizo ekutholeni izimo ezifana nama-polyps esibeletho noma ama-fibroids.

Nakuba i-ultrasound ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengephephile, kunezingozi ezihlobene nokuchayeka ngokungadingekile emandleni e-ultrasound isikhathi eside noma lapho umshini we-ultrasound usebenza ngabantu abangaqeqeshiwe. Ngenxa yalokho, ngisho ne-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) yeluleka ngokumelene nokuskena kwe-3D ngezizathu ezingezona ezezokwelapha, njengokuthi 'inkumbulo' noma ukuzijabulisa.

Ubani owenza i-ultrasound scan?

Lokhu kuskena kwe-ultrasound kwenziwa udokotela noma isisebenzi sezempilo esithole ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile ngale njongo. Sibabiza ngokuthi uchwepheshe we-ultrasound noma i-sonographer . Laba ngabantu abaziyo ukusebenzisa lo mshini ngokunembile nangokuphephile. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi njalo lolu vivinyo lwenziwe ngumuntu ofanelekayo ovela esikhungweni sezokwelapha esiqashelwayo.

Ingabe udinga ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound?

Lokhu kuzohluka kuye ngohlobo lwe-ultrasound olwenzayo. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-ultrasound azidingi ukulungiswa okukhethekile.

Kodwa-ke, nge-ultrasound ye-pelvic - okungukuthi, ama-scan ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ama-scan ohlelo lokuzala lwabesifazane, ama-scan ohlelo lomchamo - ungase ucelwe ukuthi uphuze amanzi amaningi futhi ugcwalise isinyi sakho ngaphambi kokuskena.

Uma kwenziwa i-ultrasound yesisu, ungase ucelwe ukuthi ushintshe ukudla kwakho noma uzile ukudla amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuskena.

Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho uzokutshela ngqo ukuthi wenzeni nokuthi uzilungiselele kanjani. Ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela leyo miyalelo ngqo. Uzonikezwa leyo miyalelo uma uhlangana nodokotela noma uma ubhukha i-scan.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound?

Kuye ngohlobo lwe-ultrasound olwenzile, ukulungiswa kungahluka kancane. Ungase ucelwe ukuthi ukhumule ezinye izingubo noma ugqoke ingubo yasesibhedlela.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound, lapho i-probe idluliselwa khona phezu kobuso besikhumba (hhayi emzimbeni), kuvame ukwenziwa ngale ndlela:

• Uzocelwa ukuba ulale embhedeni wokuhlola okhululekile, kungaba ngohlangothi noma ngomhlane.
• Ngemuva kwalokho, uchwepheshe we-ultrasound ufaka ijeli encane encibilika emanzini ebusweni besikhumba lapho kuzokwenziwa khona ukuhlolwa.
• Ngemuva kwalokho, i-transducer noma i-probe ephathwa ngesandla ihanjiswa emuva naphambili phezu kwendawo embozwe ngejeli.
• Ngezinye izikhathi, ungase ucelwe ukuthi uhlale uthule isikhashana, noma ubambe umoya wakho isikhashana, ukuze uthole izithombe ezicacile.
• Ngemva kokuthatha izithombe ezanele, uchwepheshe uzosula noma yiliphi ijeli elisele esikhumbeni sakho. Ukuhlolwa kuyaphela.

I-ultrasound ivame ukuthatha imizuzu engama-30 kuya ehoreni . Uma unemibuzo mayelana nokuskena kwakho, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho.

Ingabe ukuskena nge-ultrasound kuyalimaza?

Lena inkinga abantu abaningi abanayo. Eqinisweni, ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound okwenziwe ebusweni besikhumba akulimazi nhlobo. Awuzwa ngisho namaza omsindo.

Kodwa, njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, kungaba nzima kancane ukubamba isinyi esigcwele. Uma ungumama okhulelwe, kungaba nzima nokulala embhedeni.

Ama-scan afaka ukufaka i-probe ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane noma i-rectum (isb., i-transvaginal ultrasound, i-transrectal ultrasound) angase azizwe engakhululekile, kodwa ngokuvamile awabuhlungu. Uma uzwa ubuhlungu, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Ingabe ukuskena nge-ultrasound kuphephile?

Yebo, ucwaningo lwamanje lukhombisile ngokusobala ukuthi i-Ultrasound iyindlela ephephile kakhulu engenamiphumela emibi eyingozi. Njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, ayisebenzisi noma yiziphi izinto ezikhipha imisebe njenge-X-ray noma i-CT scans.

Kodwa, khumbula, lolu vivinyo kufanele lwenziwe njalo nguchwepheshe oqeqeshwe kahle ekusebenziseni lobu buchwepheshe ngendlela efanele nangokuphephile.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukwazi imiphumela yokuskena?

Isikhathi esithathayo ukuze wazi imiphumela sizohluka kuye ngohlobo lwe-ultrasound olwenzile. Kwezinye izimo, njengokuhlolwa kokukhulelwa, udokotela angase ahlaziye izithombe futhi akunike imininingwane ngenkathi kwenziwa ukuhlolwa.

Kwezinye izimo, udokotela we-radiologist — udokotela oqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile ukuqondisa lolu hlobo lwe-X-ray nokuhlaziya izithombe nokulungiselela imibiko — uzobuyekeza izithombe bese ebhala umbiko. Umbiko uzothunyelwa kudokotela wakho oqondisa kuye, ozochaza imiphumela kuwe. Uma unerekhodi lezokwelapha elenziwe ngogesi, ungase ukwazi ukubona imiphumela ngaphambi kokuba ubone udokotela wakho.

Yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha ezingatholakala nge-ultrasound?

I-Ultrasound ingasiza odokotela ukuxilonga izifo eziningi ezahlukene. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa:

• Ukukhula okungajwayelekile, isibonelo izimila noma umdlavuza.
• Amahlule egazi.
• Ubende obukhulu.
• Ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic ukukhulelwa okwenzeka ngaphandle kwesibeletho.
• Amatshe enyongo.
• I-Aortic aneurysm.
• Amatshe ezinso noma esinyeni.
• Ukuvuvukala kwenyongo (i-cholecystitis).
• Ukwanda kwemithambo emasendeni (varicocele).

Imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho mayelana ne-ultrasound yakho

Uma uhlelelwe futhi ukwenza i-ultrasound, kuwumqondo omuhle ukubuza udokotela wakho ngalezi zinto:

• Ngidinga uhlobo luni lwe-ultrasound?
• Ngingakulungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kwalokho?
• Ingabe kuzodingeka ngenze ezinye izivivinyo?
• Ngizoyazi nini imiphumela yokuhlolwa?

Ekugcineni, kufanele ngikutshele... (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngakho-ke, ngicabanga ukuthi usuyazi okuningi nge-Ultrasound scan. I-Ultrasound akuyona into okufanele uyesabe. Iyindlela yokuxilonga nokuhlola ewusizo kakhulu, ephephile, engenabuhlungu, futhi ebalulekile.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi njalo lolu vivinyo lwenziwe uchwepheshe oqeqeshwe kahle noqeqeshiwe esikhungweni sezokwelapha esidumile.

Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nale ultrasound, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Balapha ukuzokusiza. Hlala uphilile!

i- ultrasound, ukuskena, ukukhulelwa, ukuxilongwa, impilo, ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha, i-sonography