Kuvamile ukuthi noma yimuphi umama noma ubaba akhathazeke lapho udokotela ethi, "Ingane inembobo enhliziyweni yayo." Ukuzwa la mazwi kuletha imicabango eminingi. Kodwa uma uyiqonda ngempela, akukho okufanele uyesabe. Namuhla sikhuluma ngokwelashwa kokuvala imbobo enhliziyweni abantu abaningi abake bezwa ngayo kodwa abangazi ngempela ngayo, okubizwa ngokuthi i-ASD Closure. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Okokuqala, ake sibone, iyini le mbobo enhliziyweni (ASD)?
Kulungile, ukukubeka kalula, lokhu kuyimbobo yokuzalwa odongeni (ebizwa ngokuthi 'i-septum') phakathi kwamakamelo amabili aphezulu enhliziyo yethu (esiyibiza ngokuthi 'i-atria'). Ngokwezokwelapha, lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi (i-Atrial Septal Defect) , noma (i-ASD) ngamafuphi.
Manje ungase ucabange ukuthi lesi yisifo. Into emangalisayo ukuthi, sonke sizalwa sinalo mgodi omncane enhliziyweni yethu. Kuyinto evamile. Ngokuvamile, lo mgodi uzivalela ngokwawo phakathi namasonto noma izinyanga ezimbalwa ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ezinye izingane ziba nomgodi omkhulu kancane ongase ungazivaleli ngokwawo. Yilapho izinkinga ziqala khona ukuvela.
Kungani udinga ukuvala le mbobo?
Uma imbobo incane, ingase ingabangeli inkinga enkulu. Mhlawumbe akukho ukwelashwa okudingekayo. Kodwa uma lokhu (ASD) kukhulu, kungabangela izinkinga eziningi.
Cabanga nje, uma kukhona imbobo enkulu phakathi kwamakamelo amabili aphezulu enhliziyo, igazi kwelinye igumbi livuza liye kwelinye. Kufana nembobo phakathi kwamathangi amabili amanzi. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi inhliziyo namaphaphu asebenze kanzima kunokuvamile. Uma lokhu kwenzeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kungaba nezinkinga ezahlukahlukene.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma kukhona imbobo enkulu, ukuyihlonza nokuyiphatha kusenesikhathi kungavimbela umonakalo omkhulu esikhathini esizayo.
Bheka ithebula elingezansi ukuthola izinkinga ezinkulu ezingavela kulokhu.
| Inkinga engaba khona | Kuchazwe kalula |
|---|---|
| Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-Arrhythmia) | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile. Kufana nomshini osebenza ngejubane lomnenke ngokuzumayo ushintsha isigqi sawo. (I-Atrial Fibrillation) kanye (I-Atrial Flutter) yizimo ezinjalo. |
| Inhliziyo Ekhulisiwe | Imisipha yenhliziyo iyakhula ngenxa yokusebenza kanzima. Lesi akusona isimo esihle ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. |
| Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo | Inhliziyo iba buthakathaka ngenxa yokungakwazi ukuthwala isisindo esengeziwe isikhathi eside futhi ayikwazi ukupompa inani legazi elidingwa ngumzimba. |
| Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu | Inani legazi eliya emaphashini liyakhula, okwandisa ingcindezi emithanjeni yegazi lapho. Lokhu kubangela ubunzima bokuphefumula. |
| Isifo sohlangothi | Ngezinye izikhathi, amahlule egazi amancane akheka emzimbeni angadlula kulo mgodi bese ebhajwa emthanjeni wegazi ebuchosheni. Lokhu kuyinto engavamile. |
Kungenxa yalezi zingozi ukuthi udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukuvalwa kwe-ASD, ukuhlinzwa kokuvala le mbobo. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa ezinganeni ezincane ukuvimbela lo monakalo ongaba khona esikhathini esizayo.
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa kanjani? Kunezindlela ezimbili!
Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuvala imbobo enhliziyweni. Eyokuqala ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile , okuhilela ukwenza i-incision esifubeni. Enye inqubo engangenisi kakhulu , ehilela ukufaka ipayipi elincane embotsheni yesisu.
Udokotela wakho wenhliziyo uzonquma ukuthi iyiphi indlela efanele wena noma ingane yakho. Lokhu kuzoncika ezintweni eziningana:
- Ubukhulu bomgodi nokuthi ukhona kuphi enhliziyweni.
- Ezinye izinkinga zenhliziyo onazo.
- Impilo yakho iyonke.
Ake sibheke lezi zindlela ezimbili ngokwehlukana.
1. Ukuhlinzwa Kwenhliziyo Okuvulekile (Ukuvalwa Kwe-ASD Yokuhlinzwa)
Lena yindlela yendabuko. Kulokhu, uphelelwa yi-anesthesia ngokuphelele, okusho ukuthi ulele kakhulu kangangokuthi awuzwa lutho.
- Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa:Uzoxhunywa emshinini okhethekile (umshini wenhliziyo namaphaphu) ukuze wenze umsebenzi wenhliziyo namaphaphu akho okwesikhashana. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzobe esesika kancane ohlangothini oluphakathi noma lwesokudla lwesifuba sakho ukuze afinyelele inhliziyo yakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuzosetshenziswa ithubhu elincane elinekhamera (i-endoscope) ukuthola indawo eqondile yomgodi.
- Indlela yokuvala imbobo: Kunezindlela eziningana zokuvala imbobo.
- Imbozwe nge-patch eyenziwe ngezinto zokwenziwa.
- Noma ungayimboza ngethishu ethathwe kwenye ingxenye yenhliziyo yakho.
- Kungase kuvalwe nge -sutures .
Nakuba lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa okukhulu, kungenziwa ngempumelelo enkulu nangokuphephile ngobuchwepheshe banamuhla.
2. Ukuvalwa kwe-ASD ye-Transcatheter
Lena yindlela entsha nethandwa kakhulu ngabantu abaningi. Ngoba ayibandakanyi ukusikwa okukhulu esifubeni. Ngakho-ke, isikhathi sokuphulukiswa sifushane kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela ingenziwa kuphela uma imbobo incane futhi isendaweni efanele enhliziyweni.
- Indlela okwenziwa ngayo: Ngeke uhlinzwe ngokuphelele, kodwa uzonikezwa imithi yokukusiza ulale. Ngemuva kwalokho, udokotela wenza i-incision encane emthanjeni omkhulu embotsheni yakho (i-femoral vein) bese efaka ipayipi elincane elibizwa ngokuthi i-catheter kuyo.
- Idivayisi eya enhliziyweni: Ekupheleni kwale tube kukhona idivayisi encane (idivayisi yokuvala) evala umgodi. Udokotela uqondisa ngokucophelela le tube ngemithambo yegazi eya enhliziyweni ngenkathi ebheka ubuchwepheshe obufana ne-X-ray kanye ne-echocardiogram.
- Ukuvala imbobo: Uma imbobo isisenhliziyweni, idivayisi encane iyavuleka njengesambulela bese ivala imbobo. Udokotela ube esekhipha i-catheter. Yilokho kuphela!
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa? Sinjani isikhathi sokululama?
Isikhathi sokuphulukiswa sizohluka kuye ngenqubo oyenzile.
- Uma uhlinzwe ngokuhlinzwa okuvulekile , kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, kuzodingeka ugweme ukwenza umsebenzi onzima amasonto ambalwa.
- Uma uke wahlinzwa nge-catheter , ungaya ekhaya ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili bese uqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho evamile phakathi nesonto.
Ezinyangeni zokuqala eziyisithupha ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka uthathe imithi yokuvimba igazi lakho ukuthi lingajiyi. Futhi, uma wenza umsebenzi wamazinyo, udokotela wakho cishe uzoncoma ama-antibiotic ukuvimbela ukutheleleka.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuya emtholampilo nsuku zonke udokotela athi uze (ama-aphoyintimenti okulandela) . Ngemuva kwalokho singahlola ukuthi imbobo ivaliwe kahle yini nokuthi inhliziyo isebenza kahle yini.
Ingabe zikhona izingozi? Kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha nini?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezithile. Lezi azivamile, kodwa kuhle ukuziqaphela.
- Ukungezwani nezinto ezisetshenziswa ekuhlinzeni.
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-Arrhythmia).
- Ukopha.
- Ukutheleleka.
- Ukulimala kwezinso.
- Ukuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi noma i-ischemic yesikhashana.
Ungakhathazeki ngalezi zinto. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lenza konke okusemandleni alo ukuvimbela lezi zinto ukuthi zenzeke.
Kodwa-ke, uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingezansi lapho uya ekhaya ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kufanele uye esibhedlela noma ushayele udokotela wakho ucingo ngokushesha.
| Isikhathi sokuthola iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha | |
|---|---|
| Isici | Incazelo |
| Ushintsho endleleni yokusika | Uma igazi, ubomvu, noma olunye uketshezi luphuma esigaxeni. |
| Ubuhlungu besifuba | Ubuhlungu besifuba obungazelelwe noma obukhulu. |
| Ezinye izici | Umkhuhlane, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, ukuzwa umuzwa ongavamile wokushaya esifubeni. |
Impilo izoba njani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Lena yingxenye engcono kakhulu. Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi uma umuntu ongaphansi kweminyaka engu-25 ehlinzwa, isikhathi sokuphila kwakhe sifana nesomuntu ongakaze abe ne-ASD. Lokho kusho ukuthi ungaphila impilo enempilo ngokuphelele, evamile .
Into ebalulekile ukuthi ukuvala umgodi kukuvumela ukuthi uphile impilo ende nenempilo kunokuba ne-(ASD) ngaphandle kokwelashwa.
Ngakho-ke, uma udokotela ethi wena noma ingane yakho ine-ASD, ungakhathazeki ngayo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngayo. Uzokusiza ukhethe ukwelashwa okukulungele.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-atrial septal defect (ASD) imbobo odongeni phakathi kwamakamelo amabili aphezulu enhliziyo. Ivame ukuba khona lapho kuzalwa.
- Uma imbobo inkulu, ingabeka ukucindezeleka okwengeziwe enhliziyweni nasemaphashini, okungaholela ezinkingeni ezahlukahlukene ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Kunezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelela kakhulu zokuvala le mbobo (i-ASD Closure), njengokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuvulekile kanye nokufakwa kwe-catheter.
- Indlela ye-catheter ilula kakhulu futhi inesikhathi esifushane sokululama, kodwa ayilungele wonke umuntu. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi iyiphi indlela efanele wena.
- Ngemva kokwelashwa, ungaphila impilo enempilo nejwayelekile. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo.
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