Ingabe udokotela wakho ukutshelile ukuthi amathambo akho abuthakathaka kancane, okusho ukuthi unesifo sokuwohloka kwamathambo, isifo esinciphisa amathambo? Kungenzeka ukuthi ukutshelile ukuthi uqale ukuthatha umuthi obizwa ngokuthi i-bisphosphonate. Uma uzwa leli gama, ungase wesabe kancane, uzibuze, "Uyini lo muthi? Uzokwenzani?" Ungesabi. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalolu hlobo lomuthi olungasiza ekuqiniseni amathambo akho ngendlela elula kakhulu , ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Kalula nje, ayini lawa ma-bisphosphonates?
Ama-bisphosphonates ayiqembu elikhulu lemithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-osteoporosis. Cabanga ukuthi amathambo akho ayawohloka kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, njengesicucu sokhuni esidliwe yizinambuzane. Khona-ke, ngisho nokuwa okuncane kwandisa ingozi yokuphuka kwamathambo akho. I-Osteoporosis yileyo nkinga. Ngakho-ke, ama-bisphosphonates avimba amathambo akho ukuba angabi buthaka kakhulu, awenze aqine, futhi anciphise ingozi yokuphuka.
Odokotela banikeza lo muthi hhayi nje kuphela ngenxa ye-osteoporosis, kodwa futhi nakwezinye izifo eziningana ezithinta ukuminyana kwamathambo, futhi kwezinye izimo zamazinga aphezulu kakhulu e-calcium egazini (i-hypercalcemia).
Ingabe le mithi iyatholakala? Ake sibone.
Yebo, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-bisphosphonates.
1. Ama -bisphosphonates omlomo
2. Ukujova emthanjeni (ama-IV bisphosphonates)
Udokotela uzohlola isimo sakho bese enquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olukulungele.
| Uhlobo lomuthi | Izidakamizwa ezisetshenziswa kakhulu (ezinamagama emikhiqizo) |
|---|---|
| Amaphilisi omlomo |
|
| Imijovo ye-intravenous (IV) |
|
Yiziphi izimo ezisetshenziswa ama-bisphosphonates?
Lo muthi uvunyelwe kakhulu ukwelapha izimo ezilandelayo:
- I-Osteoporosis kwabesifazane asebekhulile.
- I-Osteoporosis emadodeni.
- Ukuvimbela ukuncipha kwamathambo.
- I-osteoporosis ebangelwa yi-glucocorticoid ibangelwa ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwemithi ethile ye-steroid.
- Eminye imidlavuza ibangela amazinga aphezulu e-calcium egazini (i-hypercalcemia ehlobene nomdlavuza).
- Isifo se-Paget sethambo yisimo esithinta amathambo.
- Isimo somdlavuza esibizwa ngokuthi i-multiple myeloma.
- Ezimweni lapho umdlavuza owaqala kwenye indawo ususakazeke khona (wasakazeka) emathanjeni.
Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela basebenzisa lo muthi ezimweni ezingezona lezo ovunyelwe zona. Isibonelo, ngezinye izikhathi unikezwa izingane kanye nabantu abadala abanesimo sofuzo esibizwa ngokuthi i-osteogenesis imperfecta .
Lo muthi usebenza kanjani emzimbeni?
Ukuze siqonde lokhu, sidinga kuqala ukwazi okuncane ngamathambo ethu. Amathambo ethu awahlali nje endaweni eyodwa. Ahlala eshintshwa. Njengodonga lapho kususwa khona izitini ezindala bese kwakhiwa ezintsha. Umzimba uyaphuka ngokwemvelo bese ususa ithambo elidala. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi ukumuncwa kwamathambo. Bese kwakheka ithambo elisha kulezo zindawo.
Njengoba siguga, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, le nqubo ayibe isalingana. Okusho ukuthi, ithambo elidala liqala ukuphuka futhi lisuswe ngesivinini esisheshayo kunaleso esakhiwa ithambo elisha. Yilapho amathambo eba buthakathaka kancane kancane futhi angaqini, okuholela ekukhuleni kwamathambo.
Ama-bisphosphonates asebenza ngokunciphisa ijubane lapho ithambo elidala liphuka futhi lisuswe khona. Ngamanye amazwi, "asusa izitini ezindala." Lokhu kuvumela isikhathi esengeziwe sokwakheka kwamathambo amasha, okwandisa ubuningi bamathambo futhi kuwenze aqine.
Ngingawusebenzisa kanjani lo muthi? Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu!
Indlela yokusebenzisa iyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lomuthi owutholayo.
Uma amaphilisi ephuzwa ngomlomo...
Lena yingxenye okudingeka uyiqaphele kakhulu . Udokotela uzokutshela ukuthi uthathe la maphilisi kanye ngosuku, kanye ngesonto, noma kanye ngenyanga. Kodwa-ke, kufanele uwathathe la maphilisi.Kukhona indlela ekhethekile .
- Kufanele uphuze leli philisi ngokushesha nje lapho uvuka ekuseni, ngaphambi kokudla noma ukuphuza noma yini enye .
- Iphilisi kufanele liphuzwe kuphela nengilazi egcwele yamanzi alula . Akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukuphuza leli philisi netiye, ikhofi, ubisi, noma iziphuzo zezithelo.
- Ngemva kokuthatha iphilisi, akufanele ulale phansi noma ulale phansi okungenani imizuzu engama-30 (mhlawumbe imizuzu engama-60). Kufanele uhlale noma ume uqonde.
- Futhi, awukwazi ukuthatha noma yikuphi okunye ukudla, isiphuzo, noma imithi phakathi nalesi sikhathi semizuzu engama-30-60.
Kubalulekile ukulandela le mithetho ngqo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, umuthi ungase ungamuncwa kahle ngumzimba futhi ungabangela ukungezwani komzimba emphinjeni nasesiswini. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela lokhu ngokuningiliziwe.
Uma kungukujova ngemithambo yegazi...
Lokhu kuvame ukunikezwa esibhedlela noma emtholampilo. Ngokuvamile, lo muthi wokugoma unikezwa kanye ngonyaka . Kodwa-ke, kuye ngesimo, unganikezwa kaningi.
Uyafuna ukwenza ezinye izinto ngalo muthi?
Yebo. Ngesikhathi uthatha lo muthi, udokotela wakho uvame ukuncoma okulandelayo:
- Yidla ukudla okucebile nge-calcium (isib. ubisi, iyogathi, ushizi, inhlanzi encane, imifino eluhlaza)
- Uma unesifo se-vitamin D, thatha isithasiselo se-vitamin D.
- Uma ungatholi i-calcium eyanele ekudleni, thatha amaphilisi e-calcium .
Kufanele ngithathe lo muthi isikhathi esingakanani?
Lokhu kuncike esimweni sakho kanye nendlela umzimba wakho osabela ngayo emithini. Ngokuvamile, odokotela banciphisa isikhathi samaphilisi omlomo sibe yiminyaka engaba mi-5 kanye nomjovo we-zoledronic acid emthanjeni ube yiminyaka engaba mi-3 . Lokhu kwenzelwa ukukuvikela emiphumeleni emibi engavamile kakhulu engenzeka ngokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwale mithi. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu kungadingeka baphathwe isikhathi eside. Udokotela wakho ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu onganquma.
Ake sifunde nangemiphumela emibi.
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, ama-bisphosphonates angabangela imiphumela emibi, kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu oyitholayo.
| Uhlobo lomuthi | Imiphumela emibi evamile engaba khona |
|---|---|
| Amaphilisi omlomo | Izinkinga zesistimu yokugaya ukudla. Isibonelo: I-GERD, izilonda emphinjeni nasesiswini, i-gastritis. (Yingakho bethi sukuma uqonde ngemva kokuthatha iphilisi!) |
| Imijovo ye-intravenous | Izimpawu zomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane, njengomkhuhlane, izinhlungu zomzimba, kanye nobuhlungu bamathambo nemisipha, zingase zivele zingakapheli izinsuku ezingu-1-3 ngemva kokugoma. Lokhu kuvame ukulawulwa ngomuthi onjenge-paracetamol. |
| Imiphumela emibi engavamile kakhulu kodwa engaba yingozi (kokubili ngomlomo kanye ne-IV) | |
| |
Ungakhathazeki ngale miphumela emibi engavamile. Izinzuzo zokuthatha lo muthi zidlula kakhulu ingozi yokuphuka kwethambo elikhulu njengesinqe ngenxa ye-osteoporosis.
Ingabe lo muthi uyasebenza ngempela?
Yebo, impela. Ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi le mithi ikhulisa ukuqina kwamathambo futhi inciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuqhekeka kwamathambo.
- I-Alendronate: Yehlisa ukuphuka komgogodla cishe ngo-50% kanye nokuphuka kwezinqe nezinye izinqe cishe ngo-30%.
- I-Risedronate: Yehlisa ukuphuka komgogodla kanye nokunye ngo-40%.
- I-Zoledronic acid: Yehlisa ukuphuka komgogodla cishe ngo-70% kanye nokuphuka kwezinqe nezinye izinqe cishe ngo-35%.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Uma uthatha lo muthi, yenza njengoba udokotela ekutshela.Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya emitholampilo ngesikhathi. Lokhu kuzosisiza sibone ukuthi umuthi uyasebenza yini nokuthi kukhona yini imiphumela emibi. Udokotela wakho angase futhi ancome ukuthi kwenziwe i-DXA scan, elinganisa ubuningi bamathambo akho.
Khumbula ngokukhethekile:
Uma usuthathe ama-bisphosphonates iminyaka engaphezu kwemithathu futhi uthola ubuhlungu obusha ethangeni noma esinqeni sakho , ungabunaki. Tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Lo muthi umuthi obaluleke kakhulu ongathuthukisa ikhwalithi yempilo yakho futhi ukuvikele ezinkingeni ezinkulu ezingase zivele ngenxa yokuphuka kwethambo. Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ngalokhu, qiniseka ukuthi uxoxa ngakho ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-bisphosphonates ayiqembu lemithi evimbela i-osteoporosis futhi iqinise amathambo.
- Uma uphuza amaphilisi omlomo, landela imiyalelo kadokotela ngqo (esiswini esingenalutho ekuseni, ngamanzi kuphela, bese ulala uqonde ngemva kokuwaphuza).
- Kubalulekile ukuthola i-calcium ne-vitamin D eyanele ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi.
- Nakuba imiphumela emibi ingenzeka, abantu abaningi abayiboni. Izinzuzo zokuthatha lo muthi zinkulu kakhulu kunezingozi zokuphuka kwamathambo.
- Uma unenkinga noma ukwesaba ngemithi, ungalokothi unqikaze ukuxoxa ngayo nodokotela wakho.
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