Uma sizwa igama elithi "ultrasound," iningi lethu licabanga ngomama olele embhedeni futhi ebuka ingane yakhe encane ngentshiseko esikrinini ngenkathi eya kudokotela, akunjalo? Lokhu kuskena cishe kwaziwa kakhulu ngoba kusetshenziselwa nokunquma ubulili bomntwana. Kuyiqiniso, futhi lokhu kuhlolwa kuyindlela evame kakhulu yokusetshenziswa kwe-ultrasound ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Kodwa-ke, izinzuzo zalobu buchwepheshe obumangalisayo azigcini lapho. Kuwukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okubaluleke kakhulu okusetshenziselwa ukuthola izifo ezahlukahlukene emzimbeni wethu.
Kalula nje, iyini le ultrasound?
I-Ultrasound iyindlela yezokwelapha esebenzisa amaza omsindo avame kakhulu ukukhiqiza izithombe zezitho nezicubu ezithambile ngaphakathi kwemizimba yethu. Ibizwa nangokuthi i-sonography. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kuskena kwenziwa ngaphandle komzimba, okungukuthi, ngedivayisi ekhethekile ebekwe phezu kwesikhumba. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, lokhu kuskena kwenziwa kusetshenziswa amathuluzi amancane afakwa ngezikhala zemvelo emzimbeni. Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi umehluko uyini phakathi kwe-X-ray ne-ultrasound. Zombili izivivinyo ezisetshenziselwa ukubheka ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Kodwa-ke,
i-X-ray isebenzisa inani elincane lemisebe . Siyazi ukuthi ama-X-ray asetshenziselwa ukubona izinto ezifana namathambo aphukile. Kodwa-ke,
i-ultrasound isebenzisa amaza omsindo avame kakhulu angazwakali endlebeni yomuntu . Lona umehluko oyinhloko nobaluleke kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, i-ultrasound iyisivivinyo esiphephile kakhulu.
I-Ultrasound ukuhlolwa. Isithombe esivezwa yilolo vivinyo sibizwa ngokuthi i-sonogram. Ngokuvamile sibiza zombili lezi " scan ".
Lobu buchwepheshe busebenza kanjani?
Isebenza ngesimiso esilula kakhulu. Cabanga ngelulwane lindiza ebusuku, likhipha amaza omsindo ukuze libone izithiyo phambi kwalo futhi lihlaziye ama-echo abuyayo. Ku-ultrasound scan, kusetshenziswa idivayisi encane ephathwayo ebizwa ngokuthi 'i-transducer'. Yilokhu okuthumela amaza omsindo avame kakhulu angezwakali ezindlebeni zethu emzimbeni. Lawa maza omsindo abe esetholwa yizitho ezahlukahlukene emzimbeni (isib.
isibindi) ., izinso) bese zibukiswa emuva. I-transducer ibamba amaza abuyayo (ama-echoes). Ikhompyutha bese ihlaziya lolu lwazi bese ilubonisa esikrinini sekhompyutha ngesikhathi sangempela njengesithombe sesitho esifanele. Kukhona ochwepheshe abaqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile (ama-Sonographer) abenza lolu vivinyo. Izithombe abazithathayo zihlolwa udokotela we-radiologist noma udokotela okwelaphayo, bese kutholwa ukuthi unesifo.
Yiziphi izinzuzo zokusebenzisa i-ultrasound scan?
Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kubanzi kakhulu. Ake sibone ukuthi isetshenziselwani ngokuyinhloko.
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
Lona umkhuba esiwaziyo sonke.
- Qinisekisa ukukhulelwa.
- Bala usuku lokuzalwa komntwana.
- Bheka ukuthi kukhona yini amawele noma ngaphezulu.
- Hlola ukukhula kwengane, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, kanye nokunyakaza kwayo.
- Qinisekisa ukuthi ukukhulelwa okubangelwa yi-ectopic.
- Hlola ukuthi ingane inazo yini izinkinga zokuzalwa ezithweni zomzimba ezifana nobuchopho, inhliziyo, noma umgogodla .
- Hlola noma yiziphi izinkinga nge-placenta nezinto ezifana nokubeka i-breech.
- Abazali abaningi balinda ngabomvu ukuthola ubulili bengane yabo.
Ukuxilongwa
I-Ultrasound ibalulekile ekuxilongeni izifo ezihlobene nezitho ezahlukene kanye nezicubu ezithambile emzimbeni wethu. Isibonelo:
Kodwa lokhu futhi kunemingcele. Lawa maza omsindo awahambi kahle emathanjeni aminyene futhi adlule emoyeni noma ezindaweni ezigcwele igesi (isib., amathumbu). Ngakho-ke, akufaneleki kakhulu ukuhlola izindawo ezinjalo.
Qondisa izinqubo zezokwelapha
Ngezinye izikhathi kuyadingeka ukuthatha ingcezu yezicubu (i-biopsy) endaweni ethile emzimbeni. Kuleso simo, kusetshenziswa i-ultrasound ukuqondisa udokotela ukuthi afake inalithi endaweni eqondile.
Ukwelashwa
Nakuba lokhu kungase kubonakale kumangalisa, ubuchwepheshe be-ultrasound busetshenziswa futhi ekwelapheni ukulimala kwezicubu ezithambile.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokuskena kwe-ultrasound
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuskena nge-ultrasound, kuye ngokuthi zenziwa kanjani kanye nesitho esihlolwayo. Ake siziqonde kahle lezi zinto ngethebula.
| Uhlobo lokuskena | Incazelo kanye nokusetshenziswa |
|---|
| Ukuskena Kokukhulelwa (I-Ultrasound Yokukhulelwa) | Isetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukukhulelwa nokuhlola ukukhula komntwana, ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakhe, kanye nempilo yakhe. |
| I-Ultrasound Yokwakheka Kwezinto Eziphilayo | Ukuhlolwa okukhethekile okwenziwa cishe emavikini angama-20 okukhulelwa. Lokhu kuhlola zonke izitho zomntwana (ubuchopho, inhliziyo, izinso, njll.) kusukela ekhanda kuya ozwaneni ngokuningiliziwe. |
| I-Ultrasound Yokuxilonga | Isetshenziselwa ukuthola izimpawu noma ukungajwayelekile ezithweni zomzimba ezifana nesisu, amabele, indlala yegilo, izinso, njll. Kukhona nezinhlobo ezifaka phakathi ukufaka amathuluzi emzimbeni:- I-Ultrasound Engena Esithweni Sangasese Sowesifazane: Kufakwa idivayisi ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane ukuze kuhlolwe isibeletho nama-ovari ngokucacile.
- I-Transrectal Ultrasound: Idivayisi efakwa nge-rectum isetshenziselwa ukuxilonga izifo ze-prostate.
- I-Transesophageal Echocardiogram: Kufakwa idivayisi nge-esophagus ukuze kuthathwe izithombe ezicacile zenhliziyo.
|
| Ukuskena kwe-Doppler (i-Doppler Ultrasound) | Lolu uhlobo olukhethekile lokuskena oluhlola ukuthi igazi ligeleza ngokushesha kangakanani emithanjeni yegazi nokuthi lihamba kahle kangakanani. Kubalulekile ekutholeni izimo ezifana nokuqhekeka kwegazi. |
| Ukuskena kwe-3D ne-4D | Ukuskena okuvamile (2D) kukhiqiza isithombe esiyisicaba. Ukuskena kwe-3D kukhiqiza isithombe esinezilinganiso ezintathu, kanti ukuskena kwe-4D kukhiqiza isithombe esinyakazayo esinezilinganiso ezintathu (njengevidiyo). Lokhu kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlola isimo somntwana ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. |
Yiziphi izinzuzo ze-ultrasound?
Kunezinzuzo eziningana zokuba ne-ultrasound scan.
- Akukho buhlungu: Lokhu kuhlolwa ngokuvamile akunabuhlungu. Akudingeki izinaliti, imijovo, noma ukusikwa.
- Kuphephile kakhulu: Akukho ukuchayeka emisebeni ye-ionizing njengakuma-X-ray noma kuma-CT scan. Ngakho-ke, kuphephile kakhulu kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ngisho nasezinganeni ezincane. Uma isetshenziswa kahle, ayikho imiphumela emibi eyaziwayo.
- Ibonisa izicubu ezithambile kahle: Izithombe zezicubu ezithambile nezitho ezingaveli kahle ku-X-ray zingatholakala ngokucacile.
- Itholakala kalula futhi ayibizi kakhulu: Imishini ye-Ultrasound itholakala ezibhedlela nasezikhungweni eziningi kunezinye izinhlobo eziningi zokuskena. Futhi ayibizi kakhulu.
Yini ongayilindela uma uya kuskena?
Uma uhlelelwe ukuhlolwa nge-ultrasound, akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho kakhulu. Ake sixoxe kancane ngalokho okuvame ukwenzeka.
Ngaphambi kokuskena
Udokotela uzokunikeza imiyalelo ethile kuye ngohlobo lweskeni onayo.
- Uma uhlolwa isisu, ungase ucelwe ukuthi uyeke ukudla noma ukuphuza amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa .
- Uma uhlolwa i-pelvic scan, ungase ucelwe ukuthi uphuze izingilazi ezimbalwa zamanzi bese ugcwalisa isinye . Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isinye esigcwele sisiza izitho ezifana nesibeletho ukuba zibonakale ngokucacile.
- Gqoka izingubo ezilula ongazikhumula kalula. Kungase kudingeke ugqoke ingubo yasesibhedlela.
Ngesikhathi sokuskena
Ukuskena kuvame ukuthatha imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-60. 1. Uzocelwa ukuba ulale embhedeni bese ususa noma yiziphi izingubo endaweni ehlolwayo. 2. Okulandelayo, uchwepheshe uzofaka ijeli esekwe emanzini endaweni. Lokhu kungase kuzwakale kubanda kancane. Le jeli ifakwa endaweni ukuze kungabikho moya phakathi kwe-transducer nesikhumba sakho, okuvumela amaza omsindo ukuthi angene kangcono. 3. Ngemuva kwalokho, uchwepheshe uzobeka i-transducer phezu kwendawo embozwe yijeli bese eyihambisa kancane emuva naphambili, efaka ingcindezi, ngenkathi ebheka isikrini sekhompyutha. 4. Ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu. Uzohlala uphapheme phakathi nokuhlolwa. Ngezinye izikhathi uchwepheshe uzochaza nokuthi yini ebonakala esikrinini kuwe.
Ngemva kokuskena
Uma ukuhlolwa sekuphelile, ijeli izosulwa bese ubuyela ekhaya. Uma ungazange unikezwe umuthi wokudambisa, ungashayela, udle, futhi uphuze ngendlela evamile. Uma uke waskena okwakudinga i-anesthesia (njenge-Transesophageal Echocardiogram), kuzodingeka ulinde amahora ambalwa ukuze
i-anesthesia iphele. Uzodinga futhi umuntu ozokuhambisa ekhaya. Isikhathi esithathayo ukuthola imiphumela siyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwe-scan. Ukuze uthole i-scan yokukhulelwa, ungase ukwazi ukuthola imiphumela ngokushesha. Kwezinye i-scan, udokotela we-radiologist uzobuyekeza izithombe futhi abhale umbiko ozothunyelwa kudokotela wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-ultrasound scan isebenzisa amaza omsindo angezwakali endlebeni yomuntu, hhayi imisebe eyingozi emzimbeni njenge-X-ray.
- Lokhu akulona ukuhlolwa okukhawulelwe ekukhulelweni. Kusetshenziselwa ukuhlola izitho eziningi emzimbeni, njengesibindi, izinso, inhliziyo, amabele kanye nendlala yegilo.
- I-Ultrasound iyindlela yokuhlola yezokwelapha ephephile kakhulu futhi engenabuhlungu engenazo imiphumela emibi eyaziwayo.
- Uma uhlelelwe ukuhlolwa, qiniseka ukuthi ubuza udokotela wakho ukuthi ungazilungiselela kanjani kusengaphambili (isib. ukuzila ukudla, ukuphuza amanzi).
I-Ultrasound, Ukuskena, Ukukhulelwa, I-Sonogram, Ukuthwebula Izithombe Zokuxilonga
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