Wake wezwa ukuthi usizi olukhulu noma ukushaqeka kungalimaza inhliziyo? Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho silahlekelwa othandekayo noma sibhekene nenkinga enkulu, sizwa ubuhlungu obungavamile esifubeni sethu kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula kanye nobuhlungu. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngesimo esingavamile esingase senzeke ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi, esizwakala njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, kodwa hhayi ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Broken Heart Syndrome'. Lokhu akuwona nje umuzwa, kodwa isimo sangempela esaziwayo ngokwezokwelapha.
Iyini le 'i-broken heart syndrome'?
Kalula nje, lesi yisimo sesikhashana lapho ingxenye yomsipha wenhliziyo yakho iba buthaka ngokuzumayo ngenxa yokushaqeka ngokomzimba noma ngokwengqondo okungazelelwe. Cabanga ngakho, lapho ingxenye eyodwa yenhliziyo yakho iyeka ukusebenza kahle, ezinye izingxenye kufanele zisebenze kanzima. Lo msipha wenhliziyo obuthakathaka wenza ungakwazi ukupompa igazi kahle.
Wonke amaseli emzimbeni wethu adinga umoya-mpilo. Lo moya-mpilo uthwalwa yigazi. Ngakho-ke uma inhliziyo ingapompi igazi kahle, kuthinta umzimba wonke. Kodwa into enhle kakhulu ukuthi, lokhu kuvame ukuba yisimo sesikhashana.
Kunezinye amagama amaningana asetshenziswa kulesi simo. Ungakhathazeki uma udokotela esho elinye lala magama, wonke asho into efanayo.
- I-Takotsubo cardiomyopathy
- I-cardiomyopathy ye-Apical ballooning
- Ukucindezeleka kwenhliziyo
Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo eziyinhloko zalesi simo?
Yebo, kunezinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko zalesi simo. Sibonakala ngendawo yenhliziyo ebuthakathaka. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini.
| Uhlobo | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Apical | Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu (ngaphezu kuka-80%). Luthinta ingxenye engezansi yenhliziyo. |
| I-ventricular ephakathi | Lokhu kuthinta ingxenye ephakathi yamakamelo angaphansi enhliziyo (ama-ventricle). Le ngxenye ibukeka njengebhande elizungeze inhliziyo. Izingxenye ezingenhla nangaphansi kwaleli bhande zisebenza ngokujwayelekile. |
| Isisekelo | Lokhu kufana nohlobo olungenhla, kodwa ingxenye 'yebhande' ethintekile iphakeme kancane. Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu (cishe u-2%). |
| I-Focal | Lolu uhlobo olungavamile kakhulu (cishe u-1%). Luthinta indawo encane kakhulu yenhliziyo. Indawo ethintekile ibukeka sengathi iphuma enhliziyweni. |
Sivame kangakanani lesi simo? Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuba naso?
Cishe abantu abangu -2% abaya kudokotela abasolwa ngokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo batholwe benesifo 'senhliziyo ephukile'. Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi abantu abaningi banalesi simo, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi asihlolwa kahle.
Ngokumangazayo, lesi simo sivame kakhulu kwabesifazane . Ama-89% ezimo ezibikiwe ngabesifazane. Ingozi iphezulu kakhulu ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, okuphakathi kweminyaka engama-58-77.
Enye incazelo yalokhu i-hormone i-estrogen , etholakala emizimbeni yabesifazane. Le hormone kukholakala ukuthi ivikela inhliziyo kuma-hormone ayingozi akhiqizwa umzimba ngesikhathi sokucindezeleka. Njengoba amazinga e-estrogen ehla njengoba sikhula, abesifazane banamathuba amaningi okulimala kwenhliziyo lapho bebhekene nokucindezeleka okungazelelwe.
Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu?
Lezi zimpawu zingavela kungakapheli imizuzu kuya emahoreni ngemva kwesigameko esibuhlungu. Ama-hormone akhiqizwa umzimba ngesikhathi sokucindezeleka okungazelelwe akhubaza imisipha yenhliziyo okwesikhashana. Izimpawu zifana kakhulu nezokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo okuvamile.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, ungalokothi uzame ukuzixilonga ukuthi unalezi zimpawu, ngoba zifana kakhulu nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Yiya esibhedlela ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi uMnyango Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU).
| Izimpawu eziyinhloko | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ubuhlungu besifuba obungazelelwe, obukhulu (i-angina) | Lolu uphawu oluyinhloko noluvame kakhulu. Isifuba singase sizwakale siqinile futhi sinciphile. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula | Ubunzima bokuphefumula kanye nomuzwa wokuminyana nakho kuyizimpawu ezinkulu. |
| Ubuthakathaka be-ventricle yesobunxele yenhliziyo | Lokhu kuyinto udokotela angayithola ngokuhlolwa. |
| Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-arrhythmias) | Isilinganiso senhliziyo singashintsha ngendlela engavamile. |
| Umfutho wegazi ophansi (i-hypotension) | Umfutho wegazi (BP) ungehla ngokuzumayo. |
| Ukushaya kwenhliziyo | Ukuzizwa sengathi uyayizwa inhliziyo yakho ishaya kakhulu. |
| Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi (i-syncope) | Akuvamile ukuthi ulahlekelwe ingqondo bese uwe. |
Lokhu kuhluke kanjani ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo?
Leli yiphuzu lapho abantu abaningi bedideka khona. Nakuba izimpawu zifana, kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalezi zimo ezimbili.
| Iphuzu | Isifo Senhliziyo Esiphukile | Isifo senhliziyo |
|---|---|---|
| Imbangela eyinhloko | Ukucindezeleka kwengqondo noma ngokomzimba okungazelelwe, okweqile. | Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi (imithambo ye-coronary) ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni ngenxa yezinto ezifana ne-cholesterol. |
| Isimo semithambo yegazi | Akukho ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi okubonakalayo . | Imithambo yegazi eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ivalekile ngokuphelele noma ngokwengxenye . |
| Ukulimala kwenhliziyo | Ngokuvamile, akukho monakalo ohlala njalo . Imisipha yenhliziyo iba buthaka okwesikhashana. | Imisipha yenhliziyo iyafa (iyalimala) unomphela ngenxa yokulahlekelwa igazi. |
| Ukululama | Ngokuvamile kululama ngokushesha nangokuphelele . | Ukululama kuthatha isikhathi, futhi kuye ngokuthi umonakalo ungakanani, ukusebenza kwenhliziyo kungancipha unomphela. |
Yiziphi izinhlobo zezinto ezingabangela lokhu?
Nakuba abacwaningi bengakwazi ukukhomba imbangela eyodwa, bakholelwa ukuthi isenzakalo esibuhlungu ngokuzumayo yisona esibangela inkinga enkulu. Ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi, imizimba yethu ikhipha inani elikhulu lama-hormone okucindezeleka egazini. La ma-hormone kucatshangwa ukuthi aphazamisa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo okwesikhashana.
Izimo eziphuthumayo ezithinta ingqondo:
- Ukushona komuntu omthandayo: kungaba yilungu lomndeni, umngane, noma ngisho nesilwane esifuywayo.
- Ukuhlukana kobuhlobo, isehlukaniso.
- Izindaba ezinhle: Ngokumangalisayo, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nomcimbi ojabulisayo, njengokuwina ilotho, ungabangela lokhu.
- Izindaba ezimbi: izinto ezifana nokulahlekelwa umsebenzi, ukulahlekelwa yimali eningi.
- Isenzakalo esibuhlungu, njengengozi noma ukuzamazama komhlaba.
- Ukwesaba okukhulu: izinto ezifana nokukhuluma esidlangalaleni, ukubhekana nokwebiwa, njll.
- Ngithukuthele kakhulu.
Izimo eziphuthumayo ezithinta umzimba:
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu.
- Umsebenzi onzima kakhulu womzimba.
- I-asthma iwukuhlasela, ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula.
- Izimo ezinjengokuquleka kanye nesifo sohlangothi.
- Umkhuhlane ophezulu, amazinga kashukela aphansi kakhulu egazini (hypoglycemia).
- Ukopha okukhulu noma ukuhlinzwa.
Udokotela uhlonza kanjani lokhu?
Uma uya esibhedlela unezinhlungu esifubeni, udokotela uzoqala akuhlole bese ekubuza ngalesi sigameko. Ngemuva kwalokho, bazokwenza izivivinyo ezimbalwa ukuze bathole ukuthi ingabe ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma 'isifo senhliziyo esiphukile.'
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Kukhona ama-enzyme aqoqana egazini lapho imisipha yenhliziyo yonakele. Hlola amazinga awo.
- I-EKG (i-electrocardiogram): Ukuhlolwa okuqopha umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo.
- I-Echocardiogram: Lokhu kufana nokuskena kwenhliziyo. Kungabheka ukuthi amakamelo enhliziyo, ama-valve, kanye nemisipha yenhliziyo kusebenza kanjani. Ku-Broken Heart Syndrome, kungabonisa ngokucacile ukuthi ingxenye yenhliziyo ibuthakathaka kanjani.
- I-Coronary Angiogram: Lesi isivivinyo esibaluleke kakhulu. Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka idayi ekhethekile emithanjeni ethwala igazi liye enhliziyweni bese kuthathwa i-X-ray. Lokhu kungabonisa kahle ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvaleka kwaleyo mithambo. Ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo, le mithambo ivalekile, kodwa ku-Broken Heart Syndrome, akukho ukuvaleka okunjalo okubonakalayo. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuyindlela kuphela yokuhlukanisa ngokunembile phakathi kwalezi zimo ezimbili.
- I-X-ray yesifuba kanye ne-MRI yenhliziyo: Lokhu kuhlolwa kungenziwa futhi uma kudingeka.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Nakuba kungekho 'ikhambi' eliqondile lalokhu, imithi inikezwa ukulawula izimpawu nokusiza inhliziyo ukuba ilulame. Abantu abaningi balulama ngokugcwele ngale mithi.
- I-aspirin: Ivimbela ukujiya kwegazi.
- Ama-ACE inhibitors noma ama-ARB: Lawula umfutho wegazi.
- Ama-Beta-blockers: Yehlisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo futhi yehlise ingcindezi enhliziyweni.
- Ama-Diuretics: Susa uketshezi olungadingekile emzimbeni futhi wehlise umthwalo enhliziyweni.
Inhliziyo ivame ukubuyela esimweni sayo esijwayelekile phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya emavikini ambalwa. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase bazizwe bekhathele futhi bengaphili izinyanga. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
Yini esingayenza ukuze sivimbele lokhu futhi sizinakekele?
Nakuba kungekho ndlela eqondile yokuvimbela lesi simo ukuba singenzeki, ukufunda ukulawula ukucindezeleka okufika ekuphileni kwethu kungaba usizo olukhulu.
- Ukulawula ukucindezeleka: I-Yoga, ukuzindla, kanye nokwenza imisebenzi ezolisa ingqondo kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuzivocavoca ngokuphefumula okujulile nakho kuyasiza kakhulu.
- Indlela yokuphila enempilo:
- Yidla ukudla okunempilo okunempilo.
- Vivinya umzimba njalo (okungenani imizuzu engama-30 izinsuku ezi-5 ngesonto).
- Lala kahle amahora angu-7-9 ngosuku.
- Gwema ngokuphelele ukubhema, izidakamizwa, nokuphuza utshwala ngokweqile.
- Funa usizo: Uma ubhekene nokucindezeleka ongakwazi ukukusingatha wedwa, khuluma nomuntu omethembayo ngakho. Uma kudingeka, funa usizo lomeluleki ochwepheshe.
Okubalulekile: Lesi simo asivame ukubangelwa ukucindezeleka okuncane ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Sibangelwa ukushaqeka okungazelelwe, okukhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlala uzwa ubuhlungu besifuba noma ubunzima bokuphefumula, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- 'I-Broken heart syndrome' akuyona nje umuzwa, iyisimo sangempela sezokwelapha .
- Lokhu kubangelwa ukulimala okungazelelwe, okukhulu ngokomzimba noma ngokwengqondo.
- Izimpawu zifana kakhulu nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo . Ngakho-ke uma uzwa ubuhlungu esifubeni noma ubunzima bokuphefumula, iya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo (ETU) ngokushesha . Ungenzi izinqumo wedwa.
- Lesi simo sivame ukuba sesikhashana futhi inhliziyo inamathuba amaningi okululama ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokulimala unomphela.
- Uma uhlaselwa yilesi simo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa imithi udokotela wakho ayinikezayo ngqo bese ubuyela ukuyohlolwa ngezinsuku ezihleliwe.
- Ukufunda ukulawula ukucindezeleka empilweni kuzokusiza ekuvikeleni ezimweni ezinjalo esikhathini esizayo.
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