Ingabe udokotela wakho ukhulume nawe ngobuhlungu besisu noma inkinga yamathumbu? Kungenzeka ukuthi ukutshelile nangokuhlinzwa okubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Colectomy'. Ukuzwa leli gama kungase kwesabise kancane. Kodwa uma sazi kahle ukuthi kuyini, lokho kwesaba kungasuswa kakhulu. Lokhu ukuhlinzwa okususa ingxenye egulayo yekholoni. Ake sibone ngamazwi alula ukuthi kusho ukuthini, kungani kwenziwa, nokuthi singabhekana kanjani nakho.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-Colectomy?
I-Colectomy ukususwa kwengxenye noma wonke amathumbu akho amakhulu (ikholoni). Amathumbu amakhulu ayingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lwethu lokugaya ukudla. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izifo zingalimaza la mathumbu amakhulu. Ngemuva kwalokho angeke asebenze kahle. Yilapho odokotela benquma ukususa le ngxenye eyonakele.
Yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha eziholela kulokhu kuhlinzwa?
Udokotela uzoncoma ukuhlinzwa okukhulu okunjalo kuphela uma kunesizathu esibucayi. Ngokuvamile kunezizathu eziningana eziyinhloko zokwenza i-colectomy.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu | Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa ukuze kususwe ingxenye yamathumbu equkethe amangqamuzana omdlavuza futhi kuvinjwe ukusabalala komdlavuza. |
| I-Diverticulitis | Njengokwelashwa kwezimo ezinzima ezibangelwa yizikhwama ezincane ezakheka ezindongeni zamathumbu bese zitheleleka. |
| Ukopha kwamathumbu | Uma ukopha kuqhubeka kusuka engxenyeni yamathumbu lokho akunakulawulwa ngezinye izindlela. |
| Ukuvaleka kwamathumbu amakhulu | Uma amathumbu evalekile ngokuphelele ngenxa yesimila noma esinye isizathu, leyo ngxenye kuzodingeka isuswe. |
| Isifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo | Izimo ezifana nesifo sikaCrohn noma i-ulcerative colitis ezinzima kakhulu ukuba zingalawulwa ngemithi. |
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanye abantu banezimo zofuzo, njenge-Lynch syndrome noma i-Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Lezi zimo zandisa ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza wamathumbu esikhathini esizayo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, odokotela bangase batuse lokhu kuhlinzwa njengendlela yokuvimbela ngaphambi kokuba lesi sifo siqale .
Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa kwe-colectomy ezikhona?
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuhlukaniswe ngezinhlobo eziningana kuye ngokuthi kukhishwe malini amathumbu.
- I-colectomy ephelele: Kulokhu, wonke amathumbu akho amakhulu ayasuswa.
- Ukususwa kwe-colectomy okungaphelele: Kulokhu, kususwa ingxenye yamathumbu amakhulu kuphela. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zalokhu.
| Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa | Ingxenye ezosuswa |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Hemicolectomy | Ukususwa kwengxenye yohlangothi lwesokudla noma lwesobunxele lwamathumbu amakhulu. |
| Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Proctocolectomy | Ukususwa kwamathumbu amakhulu kanye ne-rectum. |
| Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Sigmoid colectomy | Ukususa ingxenye ye-sigmoid, ukugoba kokugcina kwamathumbu amakhulu, okuxhumanisa ne-rectum. |
Uzilungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Njengoba lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa okukhulu, kudinga ukulungiselela ngokucophelela. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo wesisu uzohlangana nawe futhi akuchazele yonke imininingwane mayelana nokuhlinzwa ozokwenziwa nokuthi kuzokwenziwa kanjani.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uzohlolwa kaningana ukuze ubone ukuthi ungakwazi yini ukumelana nokuhlinzwa.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
- I-Colonoscopy
- I-EKG (i-Electrocardiogram) ukuhlola ukusebenza kwenhliziyo
- Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe njenge-CT scan noma i-MRI scan
Udokotela uzokunikeza neziqondiso ngalokho okudingeka ukwenze ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
1. Umuntu ozokuthatha akuyise ekhaya: Hlela kusenesikhathi ukuthi othile akuyise ekhaya evela esibhedlela ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
2. Ukudla Okuwuketshezi: Uzocelwa ukuthi udle ukudla okuwuketshezi okucacile kuphela izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Isibonelo, izinto ezifana namanzi esobho kanye nojusi wewolintshi.
3. Ukuhlanza amathumbu: Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, amathumbu akho adinga ukukhishwa ngokuphelele futhi ahlanzwe. Uzonikezwa uketshezi olukhethekile (ukulungiselela amathumbu) ukuze uphuze. Lokhu kungaba yinto engakhululekile kancane, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kuphumelele.
4. Ukuzila Ukudla: Uyalulekwa ukuthi ungadli noma uphuze lutho kusukela phakathi kwamabili ngosuku olwandulela ukuhlinzwa.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Ngeke uzwe lutho ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa ngoba ukuhlinzwa kuzoqala ngemva kokuba usuhlinzwe ngokuphelele (i-anesthesia ejwayelekile) futhi ulele kahle.
Kalula nje, nakhu okwenzekayo:
- Udokotela wakho wezinzwa uzokufaka ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile.
- Udokotela ohlinzayo wenza ukusika okukodwa okude esiswini sakho (i-open colectomy) noma ukusika okuncane okuningana (i-laparoscopic colectomy noma i-robotic colectomy). Ukululama kuyashesha ngokuhlinzwa kwe-laparoscopic.
- Ngemuva kwalokho, ingxenye yamathumbu eyonakele noma egulayo iyahlonzwa bese inqunywa.
- Okulandelayo, iziphetho ezimbili zamathumbu asele aphilile ziyahlanganiswa.
- Ngezinye izikhathi kunezikhathi lapho lezi ziphetho ezimbili zingenakuxhunywa ndawonye. Kulezo zimo, kulandelwa indlela ehlukile (sizoxoxa ngalokho).
- Ekugcineni, izimbobo zivalwa ngezithungo.
Lokhu kuhlinzwa konke ngokuvamile kungathatha cishe ihora elilodwa kuya kwamane.
Kuyini i-Anastomosis kanye ne-Ostomy? Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ngemva kokususwa kwengxenye yamathumbu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi kwenzekani ezingxenyeni ezimbili ezisele. Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko lapha. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha indlela engcono kakhulu kuwe.
Lolu shintsho lungaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yakho, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuluqonda kahle.
| Indlela | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| I-Anastomosis (ukuxhumana kabusha) | Lokhu kuhilela ukuthunga iziphetho ezimbili zamathumbu aphilile ezisele ngemva kokuba ingxenye esusiwe ixhunywe kabusha. Uma lokhu kuphumelele, ukunyakaza kwakho kwamathumbu kuzobuyela esimweni esijwayelekile. |
| I-Ostomy (ukudala indlela esuka esiswini iye ngaphandle) | Ngezinye izikhathi iziphetho ezimbili zamathumbu azikwazi ukuxhumeka ngesikhathi esisodwa (isibonelo, ngenxa yokutheleleka). Kulesi simo, kwenziwa imbobo ukuze ingxenye engenhla yamathumbu ifike ebusweni besikhumba sesisu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-stoma. Indle iphuma kule mbobo, futhi kumele kugqokwe isikhwama esikhethekile (isikhwama se-ostomy) ukuze siqoqwe. Lokhu kungaba okwesikhashana noma okuhlala njalo. |
Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile lapho utshelwa ukuthi kuzodingeka uphile ne-ostomy. Kodwa odokotela kanye nabasebenzi abahlengikazi bazokufundisa indlela engcono kakhulu yokujwayela, indlela yokusebenzisa isikhwama, kanye nendlela yokuphila impilo evamile ngaso.
Yiziphi izingozi ezingaba khona zalokhu kuhlinzwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, ukuhlinzwa kwe-colectomy kunezingozi ezithile, kodwa odokotela benza konke okusemandleni abo ukunciphisa lezi zingozi.
- Ukuvuza kwe-anastomotic: Ukuvuza kwendle kungene emgodini wesisu kusuka endaweni lapho kuxhunyaniswa khona amathumbu.
- Ukopha ngokweqile: Ukopha ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa noma ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
- Ukutheleleka: Ukutheleleka enxebeni lokuhlinzwa noma ngaphakathi esiswini.
- Ukulimala kwezitho eziseduze: Kunengozi encane yokulimala kwezitho eziseduze, njengesinyi kanye namathumbu amancane.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbalwa, mhlawumbe kuze kube yisonto. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi:
- Kuze kube yilapho amathumbu akho eqala ukusebenza futhi, uzoqala unikezwe uketshezi olufakwa emthanjeni, bese kuba uketshezi oluphuzwayo kanye nokudla okuthambile.
- Abasebenzi abahlengikazi bahlola njalo ukuthi inxeba lokuhlinzwa liyaphola kahle yini nokuthi kukhona yini izimpawu zokutheleleka.
- Uzonikezwa imiyalelo eningiliziwe yokuthi ungalinakekela kanjani inxeba ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya.
- Uma une-ostomy, uzonikezwa ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile kokuthi ungayinakekela kanjani i-stoma nokuthi ungayishintsha kanjani isikhwama.
- Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, bazokunikeza iseluleko mayelana nokudla okufanele ukudle kanye nemisebenzi emincane ongayenza (njengokuhamba ngezinyawo).
Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kufanele ukhumbule izinto eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngakho-ke kuwumqondo omuhle ukuba nelungu lomndeni noma umngane wakho ngesikhathi udokotela ekhuluma.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa?
Kungathatha amasonto ayisithupha ukululama ngokugcwele ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi bangaqhubeka nemisebenzi yabo eminingi evamile zingakapheli amasonto amabili. Kodwa ungasheshi. Lalela umzimba wakho. Uma uzizwa ukhathele, phumula.
Yini okufanele ngiyidle ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngokuvamile, ngenyanga yokuqala noma ngaphezulu, kufanele udle ukudla okune-fiber ephansi . Ngoba kulula ukuthi amathumbu akugaye. Ungadla izinto ezifana nelayisi elimhlophe, amalenti aphekiwe kahle, imifino ephekiwe kahle, inhlanzi, nenkukhu. Udokotela ukweluleka ukuthi uyeke ukudla ukudla okune-fiber ephezulu njengemifino eluhlaza enamaqabunga kanye nokusanhlamvu okuphelele isikhashana.
Kufanele ukhulume nini nodokotela?
Qaphela kakhulu umzimba wakho ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya. Uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo, shayela udokotela wakho ohlinzayo ngokushesha .
| Izimpawu eziyingozi - tshela udokotela ngokushesha! | |
|---|---|
| Ubuhlungu besisu | Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu obuba bubi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. |
| Izimpawu zokutheleleka | Umkhuhlane, ukubomvu, ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu, noma ubomvu obuvela enxebeni lokuhlinzwa. |
| Ubunzima bokukhipha indle | Ukungakwazi ukukhipha indle noma uhudo oluqhubekayo. |
Ukuhlinzwa okufana nalokhu kuyinto eshintsha impilo. Kunganciphisa izimpawu zakho ezibuhlungu, kukwelaphe umdlavuza, noma kukunike impilo ende. Ukuphila ne-ostomy kungaba ushintsho olukhulu. Kodwa baningi abantu abangakusiza ukuthi ujwayele. Ngakho-ke khuluma nodokotela wakho ngemibuzo yakho, ukwesaba, kanye nokukhathazeka kwakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Colectomy iwukuhlinzwa kokususa ingxenye egulayo noma wonke umathumbu amakhulu.
- Lokhu kwenziwa njengokwelashwa kwezimo ezimbi njengomdlavuza, ukuvaleka kwamathumbu, kanye nezifo ezinzima.
- Landela imiyalelo kadokotela (ukudla, ukuhlanza amathumbu) ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Kuthatha isikhathi ukuphulukiswa ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ngakho-ke yiba nesineke futhi unike umzimba wakho ukuphumula okwanele.
- Ngezinye izikhathi, kungadingeka ukuthi kwenziwe imbobo (i-ostomy) ebusweni besikhumba esiswini sakho ukuze kuvunyelwe indle ukuthi idlule, futhi abasebenzi bezokwelapha bazokusiza ukuthi uyijwayele.
- Uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu eziyingozi njengomkhuhlane, ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, noma ukuphuma kobomvu esilondeni, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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