Ingabe uvame ukukhwehlela ebusuku? Ingabe uzizwa njengoklebe uma ugijima udlala, noma uma ukhuphuka izitebhisi? Noma uzizwa sengathi isifuba sakho sinciphile, noma uzizwa usindwa? Lezi zingaba izimpawu ezivamile ze-asthma. Kubantu abaningi, lesi simo se-asthma sihambisana nokungezwani komzimba okuhlukahlukene. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'i-Allergic Asthma'. Eqinisweni, i-asthma kanye nokungezwani komzimba yizifo ezimbili ezihlobene kakhulu. Ngakho-ke namuhla, sizoxoxa ngakho konke ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.
Iyini ngempela i-asthma? Kwenzekani emzimbeni uma ikhula?
Kalula nje, i-asthma yisimo esithinta amapayipi e-bronchial athwala umoya emaphashini ethu. Uma siphefumula, umoya ungena ngamakhala ethu bese uhamba ngala mapayipi e-bronchial uye emaphashini ethu. Kumuntu ophilile, la mapayipi e-bronchial avulekile futhi akhululekile. Lokhu kusenza sikwazi ukuphefumula kalula.
Kodwa uma umuntu one-asthma ehlaselwa yi-asthma ngenxa ye-trigger, kwenzeka izinguquko ezintathu ezinkulu kulezi zindlela zomoya. Cabanga ngakho njengepayipi lamanzi.
1. Ukuqina kwemisipha ezungeze imigudu yomoya: Imisipha emincane ezungeze le migudu yomoya iqina ngokuzumayo. Njengokungathi othile ucindezele ipayipi lamanzi. Kwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi ( i-bronchospasm ) . Lokhu kunciphisa imigudu yomoya.
2. Ukuvuvukala ngaphakathi kwemigudu yomoya: Izindonga zangaphakathi zale migudu yomoya ziqala ukuvuvukala. Lokhu kuvuvukala kubangela ukuthi imigudu yomoya ibe mincane.
3. Ukukhiqizwa kwamafinyila okwandisiwe: Amaseli asezindleleni zomoya aqala ukukhiqiza amafinyila ajiyile futhi anamathelayo kunokujwayelekile. Lo mafinyila uvimba kakhulu izindlela zomoya.
Uma lezi zinto ezintathu zihlangana, imigudu yomoya iba mincane kakhulu. Bese kuba nzima ukuthi umoya ungene emaphashini nokuthi umoya uphume emaphashini. Yingakho uzizwa "unzima ukuphefumula" futhi "uphelelwa umoya."
Yiziphi izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-asthma?
Akuwona wonke umuntu one-asthma onezimpawu ezifanayo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Abanye abantu banezimpawu ezingavamile. Abanye bangase babe nokungakhululeki okuncane cishe nsuku zonke. Ake sibheke izimpawu eziyinhloko.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukukhwehlela okuvamile | Ukukhwehlela kungase kube kaningi, ikakhulukazi ebusuku, ekuseni kakhulu, noma ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ukuphelelwa umoya) | Ukuzizwa ucindezelekile, kunzima ukuphefumula. |
| Ukuphefumula | Ukuzwa umsindo omncane othi 'cheese-cheese' emphinjeni noma esifubeni lapho ukhipha umoya. |
| Ukuqina kwesifuba noma ubuhlungu | Umuzwa wokuqina noma isisindo esifubeni. |
Izimpawu ezincane ezifika ngaphambi kokuhlaselwa yi-asthma
Ngezinye izikhathi, ngaphambi kokuba kuvele ukuhlaselwa okukhulu kwesifuba somoya, umzimba wethu usinikeza izimpawu zesixwayiso kusenesikhathi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzazi lezi.
- Ukukhwehlela njalo, ikakhulukazi ebusuku.
- Kunzima kancane ukuphefumula, futhi uzophelelwa amandla ngokushesha.
- Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu kunokujwayelekile, ukukhwehlela, noma ukuphefumula kanzima lapho uzivocavoca.
- Ukuqala kwezimpawu zomkhuhlane noma ezinye izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba (isb., ikhala elicijile, ukuthimula ).
- Ubunzima bokulala.
Ukusebenzisa ukwelashwa okunqunywe udokotela wakho ngokushesha nje lapho ubona uphawu oluncane olufana nalolu kuzosiza kakhulu ekuvimbeleni ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma okukhulu.
Yiziphi izimbangela ze-asthma?
Izindlela zomoya zomuntu one-asthma ziyazwela kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, zisabela ngokushesha ezintweni ezithile endaweni ezungezile. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi "izimbangela". Ukuze ulawule i-asthma yakho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi lezi zimbangela ezikufanele futhi uzigweme ngangokunokwenzeka.
| Isigaba Sokuqalisa | Izibonelo nezincazelo |
|---|---|
| Ama-allergen | Izibungu zothuli, impova, i-dander yezilwane ezifuywayo, isikhunta, amaphela, kanye nokudla okuthile. |
| Izifo | Ukutheleleka ngegciwane njengomkhuhlane kanye nomkhuhlane. |
| Ukuzivocavoca umzimba | Kuvamile kakhulu ezinganeni. (Kodwa ngokwelashwa okufanele, ukuvivinya umzimba akufanele kuyekwe!) |
| Isimo sezulu | Umoya obandayo, izinguquko ezisheshayo zesimo sezulu. |
| Ukungcola komusi nomoya | Intuthu kagwayi, intuthu yesitofu sokhuni, ukukhishwa kwentuthu emotweni, uthuli. |
| Eminye imithi | Iziqeda-zinhlungu ezifana ne-aspirin ne-ibuprofen, kanye nezinye izidakamizwa zokuvimbela umfutho wegazi ophakeme. |
| Imizwa enamandla | Ukwesaba, ukuthukuthela, ukuhleka noma ukukhala ngokweqile. |
Wazi kanjani ukuthi une-asthma?
Uma unezimpawu ze-asthma, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukubona udokotela ofanelekayo. Udokotela uzoqala ngokukubuza ngezimpawu zakho, ukuthi ukhona yini emndenini wakho one-asthma, bese ekuxilonga. Ngemuva kwalokho, bangenza izivivinyo eziningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
- I-Spirometry: Lesi isivivinyo esiyinhloko. Ucelwa ukuba uphefumulele emshinini olinganisa ukuthi amaphaphu akho angawuthatha umoya ongakanani nokuthi ungawukhipha ngokushesha kangakanani.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwemitha Yokugeleza Okuphakeme: Lena idivayisi encane, ephathwa ngesandla elinganisa izinga eliphezulu lokukhishwa komoya emaphashini akho ngokuphefumula kanzima.
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Kwenziwa i-X-ray yesifuba ukuze kuhlolwe ezinye izimo zezokwelapha.
- Ukuhlolwa Kokungezwani Nomzimba: Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba noma kwegazi kungenziwa ukuze kutholakale ukuthi unesifo sokungezwani komzimba nokuthi siyini.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo zokulawula i-asthma?
Nakuba i-asthma ingelapheki ngokuphelele, ngokwelashwa okufanele, ingalawulwa kahle futhi ungaphila impilo evamile ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Kunezingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwelashwa kwe-asthma: imithi yokusiza ngokushesha (Imithi yokwelapha) kanye nemithi yokulawula yesikhathi eside (Imithi yokuvimbela). Le mithi ivame ukunikezwa njenge-inhaler.
1. Imithi Yokusiza Ngokushesha (Ama-Inhalers Okusiza Ukuphumula)
Sibiza lawa ngokuthi ama-bronchodilator . Uma uphefumula le inhaler, iphumula ngokushesha imisipha emigudwini yakho yomoya, ivule imigudu yakho yomoya.
- Ukusetshenziswa: Thola impumuzo ngokushesha nje lapho izimpawu ze-asthma (ukukhwehlela, ukuphefumula).
- Okubalulekile: Sebenzisa lokhu kuphela uma kudingeka . Uma kufanele usebenzise lesi sifutho njalo, kusho ukuthi i-asthma yakho ayilawulwa kahle. Uma kunjalo, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho.
2. Imithi yokulawula isikhathi eside (Ama-Preventer Inhalers)
Lena imithi ebaluleke kakhulu yokulawula i-asthma. Le ibizwa ngokuthi ama-Anti-inflammatories (ngokuvamile ama-Corticosteroids aphefumulayo).
- Indlela esebenza ngayo: Le mithi inciphisa ukuvuvukala nokukhiqizwa kwamafinyila emigudwini yomoya, okwenza ingazweli kakhulu futhi ingasabeli kahle ezibangela ukuvuvukala.
- Indlela yokusebenzisa: Kufanele usebenzise le inhaler nsuku zonke, njengoba kuyalelwe udokotela wakho, izikhathi ezinqunyiwe. Kufanele uyisebenzise ngisho nangezinsuku lapho ungaguli khona . Lokhu kuzosiza ekuvimbeleni i-asthma yakho ukuthi ingabi yimbi kakhulu.
3. Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha
Abanye abantu banikezwa amaphilisi (Leukotriene Modifiers - isib. Singulair) noma imijovo ekhethekile (Immunomodulators - isib. Xolair) ngaphezu kwe-inhaler. Konke lokhu kunqunywa udokotela okuxilongayo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Funda indlela efanele yokusebenzisa i-inhaler udokotela wakho akunikeza yona. Uma uyisebenzisa kabi, umuthi ngeke ufike emaphashini akho ngendlela efanele.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-asthma yisifo esingaphazamisi impilo evamile uma silawulwa kahle. Ungesabi.
- Thola izimbangela zakho bese uzigwema ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Sebenzisa i-inhaler ethi "Preventer" (isikhathi eside) enikezwe udokotela wakho nsuku zonke, ngisho nangezinsuku lapho ungenazo izimpawu.
- Hlala uphethe i-inhaler "enciphisa ubuhlungu".
- Uma izimpawu zakho ze-asthma ziba zimbi kakhulu, udinga ukusebenzisa i-Reliever inhaler yakho kaningi, noma uma unemibuzo mayelana nokwelashwa kwakho, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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