Omunye wemibuzo esinayo sonke uthi, "Ngingubani? Ziphi izimpande zami?" Abaningi bethu bafuna ukwazi ukuthi bangobani okhokho bethu, bavelaphi, nokuthi indaba yabo iyini. Ngezinye izikhathi lolu hambo luyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, lubuyela emuva emazweni amaningi nasemakhulwini eminyaka. Ngakho-ke ukuhlolwa kwe-DNA kuyindlela yesayensi engasisiza kulolu hambo. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngalezi zivivinyo ze-DNA nezinye izindlela zokuthola umlando womndeni wakho.
Kungani senza ukuhlolwa kwe-DNA?
Abantu banezizathu ezahlukene zokuthatha ukuhlolwa kwe-DNA. Abanye bafuna ukwazi ukwakheka kobuzwe bokhokho babo. Abanye bafuna ukuxazulula imibuzo mayelana nobudlelwano bomndeni. Ake sibheke ezinye zezizathu eziyinhloko.
| Isizathu sokuhlola | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukufunda ngokhokho | Lezi zivivinyo zingakusiza ukuthi ulandelele okhokho bakho emuva ezizukulwaneni ezingaba yi-10. Zingakunikeza nombono wendawo (hhayi nje idolobha, kodwa mhlawumbe isifundazwe esikhulu) lapho okhokho bakho babehlala khona. Uma imiphumela inembile, ungathola nokuthi unazo yini izihlobo eziphilayo noma ezisanda kushona. |
| Ukuqinisekisa ububaba (Ukuhlolwa kobubaba) | Lokhu kungenye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu zokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwe-DNA. Kusetshenziselwa ukuxazulula umbuzo wokuthi ubani uyise wengane ophilayo. I-DNA yengane iqhathaniswa ne-DNA yomuntu okusolwa ukuthi unguyise. Uma kukhona ukufana okungu-99.9%, ubaba uyaqinisekiswa. |
| Isayensi Yezobunhloli | Njengeminwe yeminwe, i-DNA yomuntu ihlukile. Ezindaweni zobugebengu, abaphenyi baqoqa amasampula e-DNA ezinweleni, esikhumbeni, esidoda nasegazini. Lawa ayahlaziywa ukuze kusizwe ekuxazululeni ubugebengu. |
| Ukuhlola izingozi zempilo | Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yesayensi yezokwelapha. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungathola ukuthi kukhona yini ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo (`izinhlobo zezakhi zofuzo`) okwandisa ingozi yokuthola izifo ezithile noma izifo ezithile zezakhi zofuzo. Kodwa-ke, uma wenza lolu hlobo lokuhlolwa, ngokuqinisekile kuyinto okufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho futhi ukwenze ngokweseluleko sakhe. Isibonelo, ungathola mayelana `(izakhi zofuzo ze-BRCA)` ezihlotshaniswa nomdlavuza webele kanye nowesibeletho. |
Zinembe kangakanani lezi zivivinyo ze-DNA?
Into ebaluleke kakhulu okudingeka siyiqonde lapha ukuthi lezi zivivinyo azinembile ngokuphelele . Kunezizathu eziningana zalokho.
Kalula nje, ukunemba kwemiphumela kunqunywa ukuthi isizindalwazi se-DNA esikhulu futhi esihlukahlukene kangakanani inkampani yokuhlola.
Nazi ezinye zezizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani imiphumela ingase ingabi yiphutha noma ihluke:
- Inkampani ngayinye inesizindalwazi sayo: uma unikeza isampula efanayo ezinkampanini ezimbili, cishe uzothola imiphumela emibili ehlukene ngoba ziqhathanisa i-DNA yakho nolwazi olusesizindalwazini sazo.
- Ukuntuleka kwedatha kwamanye amaqembu ezinhlanga: Idatha ye-DNA yabantu base-Afrika, abaseMpumalanga Asia, abaseNingizimu Melika, ikakhulukazi abantu baseNingizimu Asia (kufaka phakathi nathi) ilinganiselwe kudathabheyisi yalezi zinkampani. Ngakho-ke ukunemba kwemiphumela yomuntu ovela kulolo hlobo lozalo kungancishiswa.
- Ukungayihloli yonke i-DNA yakho: Lokhu kuhlolwa akubheki yonke i-DNA yakho. Kugxila kuphela kuma-"SNPs - Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms" ayizinkulungwane ezimbalwa kuphela kwezigidi zezinguquko ezincane ku-DNA yethu.
- Imikhawulo yokuhlolwa kwe-chromosome ka-Y: Lokhu kuhlolwa kubheka kuphela uhlu lozalo lukayihlo. Ngakho-ke akunikezi ulwazi mayelana nohlu lozalo lukanyoko.
Udlula kanjani i-DNA ukuze uthole umlando womndeni?
Ukuthola umuthi womndeni wakho akukhona nje ukuhlolwa kwe-DNA. Kufana nendaba yabaseshi. Kufanele ucwaninge amadokhumenti amadala, ukhulume nezihlobo, futhi uthole izinkomba. Akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi, futhi ulwazi oluthile lungase lungabi khona noma lungaphelele. Kodwa imiphumela iwufanele umzamo.
Yiziphi izindlela esingazisebenzisa eSri Lanka?
- Buza izihlobo ezindala:Umuntu omdala emndenini wakho ungumthombo wakho wolwazi obaluleke kakhulu. Khuluma nogogo nomkhulu, ogogo nomkhulu, nomalume. Babuze ngezindaba, amagama amadala, nezindawo abazaziyo. Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube "nesibongo somndeni" (igama le-ge), futhi igama elifanayo lingabhalwa ngendlela ehlukile (isib. uPerera, uPerera).
- Thola amadokhumenti amadala nezithombe: Izitifiketi zokuzalwa ezindala, izitifiketi zokufa, amatayitela, kanye namadokhumenti amadala avela emathempelini noma emasontweni angagcina ulwazi oluningi. Futhi, bheka ama-albhamu ezithombe amadala. Amagama nezinsuku ezibhalwe ngemuva zizokusiza kakhulu.
- Qaphela amagama: Kungase kube nabantu abaningana abanegama elifanayo. Ngakho-ke, funa hhayi igama kuphela, kodwa nesikhathi ababehlala kuso, idolobhana, kanye nobudlelwano babo.
- Ungabaphoqi abantu abangafuni ukukhuluma: Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nezenzakalo ezidabukisayo nezibuhlungu emlandweni womndeni. Abanye abantu abadala bangase bangafuni ukukhuluma ngakho. Bangase bahleke bathi, "Awuqondi nokuthi ucelani, ndodana." Uma kunjalo, zama ukubuza esinye isihlobo noma umakhelwane.
Cwaninga ngomlando namasiko esikhathi okhokho bakho ababephila ngaso. Lokhu kuzokusiza uqonde izinqumo abazenzayo kanye nendlela yabo yokuphila.
Ukwazi umlando womndeni kubaluleke kangakanani empilweni yakho?
Lokhu akukhona nje ukwanelisa ilukuluku. Ukwazi ngezimpande zakho kungakunika amandla amakhulu engqondo kanye nokuziqhenya.
Futhi, lolu lwazi lungasiza ekusindiseni impilo yakho. Wazi kanjani?
Ngokwazi umlando wempilo yomndeni wakho. Thola ukuthi kukhona yini emndenini wakho oke waba nezifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo senhliziyo, noma umdlavuza . Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxoxa ngalolu lwazi nodokotela wakho. Ngoba-ke ungazi kusengaphambili ukuthi usengozini yokuthola lezi zifo nokuthi yini ongayenza ukuze uzivimbele.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlolwa Kwamadlozi E-DNA kumane nje kuyithuluzi elilodwa lokukusiza ukuthi uthole ngokhokho bakho. Akulandisa yonke indaba.
- Ukunemba kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa kuncike kusizindalwazi senkampani eqhuba ukuhlolwa, futhi imiphumela ingahluka kuye ngenkampani.
- Uma ufuna ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo ukuze ufunde ngezingozi zempilo yakho, hlala uthintana nodokotela wakho futhi ukwenze ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sakhe.
- Ukuze uthole umlando womndeni wakho ngempela, kubalulekile ukuzibandakanya ocwaningweni, njengokukhuluma nezihlobo ezindala nokufuna amadokhumenti amadala.
- Ukwazi umlando wempilo yomndeni wakho kubalulekile ekuvikeleni impilo yakho nasekuvimbeleni izifo.
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