Umcabango wokuhlinzwa kobuchopho ngokwemvelo uyaphazamisa noma ubani. Sivame ukuwubheka njengenqubo eyesabekayo kakhulu. Nakuba ngokuqinisekile kuyisenzakalo esikhulu sezokwelapha, ngezinye izikhathi kuyindlela ebalulekile nesindisa impilo. I -Craniotomy ingenye yenqubo enjalo esindisa impilo . Kwa-Nirogi Lanka, sifuna ukusiza ekunciphiseni ukukhathazeka kwakho ngokuchaza kahle ukuthi lokhu kuhlinzwa kuyini, kungani kwenziwa, nokuthi yini ongayilindela, ngamazwi alula nacacile.
Iyini ngempela i-Craniotomy?
Kalula nje, udokotela wezinzwa uzosusa okwesikhashana ucezu lwethambo lakho lekhanda ukuze afinyelele ebuchosheni. Cabanga ngakho njengokuvula umnyango ukuze wenze ukulungiswa okudingekayo ngaphakathi bese uwuvala kahle ngemuva kwawo. Uma inqubo isiqediwe, ithambo liyashintshwa bese libuyiselwa endaweni yalo yokuqala.
Lokhu ukuhlinzwa okukhulu. Odokotela ngokuvamile bakuncoma ezimweni ezisongela ukuphila, njengesimila sobuchopho, ukopha ebuchosheni, noma ukulimala okukhulu kwekhanda okubangelwa ingozi.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Craniotomy ne-Craniectomy?
Nakuba amagama ezwakala efana, kunomehluko obaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwalezi zinqubo ezimbili.
Ku- Craniotomy , ingxenye yethambo ekhishwe ekhanda iyashintshwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa okufanayo. Kodwa-ke, ku- Craniectomy , ithambo elisusiwe alibuyiselwa ngokushesha. Uma kukhona ukuvuvukala okukhulu kobuchopho, ukhakhayi lungashiywa luvulekile ukuze kuvunyelwe indawo yokuthi lokho kuvuvukala kuphele. Ngosuku olulandelayo, inqubo yesibili ebizwa ngokuthi i -Cranioplasty yenziwa ukumboza umgodi. Yilowo umehluko oyinhloko.
Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-Craniotomy?
Yebo, kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-craniotomies kuye ngokuthi inkinga yobuchopho ixazululwa kuphi. Nakuba amagama angase azwakale njengobuchwepheshe, abhekisela endaweni ethile yogebhezi olufinyelelwa kuyo.
| Uhlobo Lokuhlinzwa | Indawo Yokuvula |
|---|---|
| Ngaphambili | Ngaphambili kwekhanda, eduze kwebunzi (eduze komugqa wezinwele) |
| Okwesikhashana | Uhlangothi lwekhanda, phambi kwendlebe naseduze kwamehlo |
| I-Parietal | Ingxenye ephezulu nephakathi yekhanda |
| Okwengeziwe | Uhlangothi lwekhanda, ngemuva kwethempeli |
| I-Retrosigmoid | Ukusikwa okuncane ngemuva kwendlebe |
| I-Suboccipital | Ingemuva elingezansi lekhanda, ngaphezu nje kwentamo |
Kungani udokotela angancoma i-Craniotomy?
Kunezizathu eziningana zezokwelapha zalokhu kuhlinzwa, zonke ezihilela izimo ezibucayi ezihlobene nobuchopho.
| Isimo | Incazelo Elula |
|---|---|
| Isimila Sobuchopho | Ukususa ukukhula okungavamile kwamaseli ebuchosheni. |
| Ihluli | Ukunciphisa ingcindezi ebangelwa ukugoba kwegazi ebuchosheni. |
| I-Aneurysm | Ukulungisa ukuvuvukala okufana nebhaluni emthanjeni wegazi ngaphambi kokuba kuqhume. |
| Ukukhubazeka kwe-AV | Ukulungisa ukuxinana okungavamile kwemithambo yegazi kanye nemithambo ebuchosheni. |
| Ukuvuvukala/Ukucindezeleka Kobuchopho | Ukunciphisa ingcindezi eyingozi ebangelwa ukulimala noma ezinye izimo eziyisisekelo. |
| Isifo Sokuxhuzula | Ukususa ingxenye ethile yobuchopho ebangela ukuxhuzula okungenakukwazi ukukulawulwa yimithi. |
| Ukuphuka Kwekhanda | Ukulungisa ugebhezi ngemuva kokulimala noma ingozi enkulu. |
Kufanele uzilungiselele kanjani ukuhlinzwa?
Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizohlola impilo yakho kahle bese lenza uhlelo lokunakekelwa oluphelele. Le nqubo izohlanganisa izinyathelo eziningana zokuxilonga:
- Ukuhlolwa okujulile ngokomzimba
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
- Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe okuthuthukisiwe njenge- MRI , i-CT scan , i-PET scan, noma i-Angiography
Ngemva kwalezi zivivinyo, udokotela wakho uzochaza ngokucacile ukuhlinzwa, imiphumela emibi engaba khona, kanye nesikhathi osilindele sokululama. Bazokunikeza nemiyalelo ethile ngalokho okudingeka ukwenze ukuze ulungiselele ukuhlinzwa.
- Kuzodingeka uzile ukudlangosuku lokuhlinzwa.
- Uma uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi ( imithi yokunciphisa igazi ), udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi uyeke ukuyithatha ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kwenqubo.
- Unganikezwa imithi elwa namagciwane kusengaphambili ukuze uvimbele izifo.
Lesi yisigaba esibaluleke kakhulu. Zizwe ukhululekile ukubuza udokotela wakho noma yimiphi imibuzo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingase ibonakale incane kangakanani. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uzibuza ukuthi, “Kuzokwenzekani ngemva kwalokhu?”, “Ingabe kuzobuhlungu?”, noma “Ngingaya nini ekhaya?”, ukuthola lezi zimpendulo kuzokusiza ukuthi ube nokuthula kwengqondo.
Kwenzekani ngempela ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Ngosuku lokuhlinzwa kwakho, uzoqala ngokunikezwa i-anesthesia. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi awuzizwa ubuhlungu futhi uhlala ulele kuyo yonke inqubo.
Uma usufikile egumbini lokuhlinza, ithimba lakho lokuhlinzwa lizobeka ikhanda lakho ngokucophelela. Indawo encane yezinwele izogundwa endaweni yokusikwa, bese isikhumba sihlanzwa kahle futhi sihlanzwe amagciwane. Udokotela wakho uzobe esesika isikhumba esincane ekhanda ukuze afinyelele ekhanda.
Kusetshenziswa imishini yezokwelapha ekhethekile, ingxenye yethambo eqondile izosuswa ngokucophelela ekhanda lakho. Leli thambo eligoqekile ligcinwa eceleni ngokuphephile ukuze linamathiselwe kabusha uma ukuhlinzwa sekuqediwe.
Okulandelayo kuza umgomo oyinhloko wenqubo: udokotela ohlinzayo ufinyelela ebuchosheni ukuze abhekane nenkinga eyisisekelo, njengokususa isimila, ukususa ihlule legazi, noma ukusika i-aneurysm.
Uma inqubo isiphumelele, i-bone flap iyashintshwa futhi iqiniswe endaweni yayo yokuqala kusetshenziswa amapuleti amancane e-titanium nezikulufo, bese isikhumba sekhanda sithungwa ngokucophelela.
Kuyiqiniso yini ukuthi lokhu kuhlinzwa ngezinye izikhathi kwenziwa umuntu ephapheme?
Yebo, lokho kuyiqiniso. Ezimweni ezithile, odokotela kungadingeka baqaphe ukusebenza kobuchopho bakho ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu uma inqubo iseduze nezindawo ezilawula inkulumo, umbono, noma ukunyakaza kwemisipha. Ungakhathazeki; indawo yesikhumba kuphela evalekile, futhi ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu phakathi nale nqubo.
Ngokuvamile, inqubo efana nale ingathatha amahora amathathu kuya kwayisihlanu , yize ubude bungahluka ngokuya ngobunzima becala.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva nje kwenqubo, uzoyiswa e- Intensive Care Unit (ICU) . Lapho, ithimba lezokwelapha lizoqapha isimo sakho ngokucophelela, liqaphe ngokucophelela ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, umfutho wegazi kanye nokuphefumula.
Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, uzodluliselwa egunjini elijwayelekile, futhi kungase kudingeke uhlale esibhedlela cishe isonto. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, umgomo oyinhloko ukuphumula, ngokuvamile ikhanda lakho liphakanyisiwe kancane. Ngaphambi kokuba uye ekhaya, uzothola isethi ephelele yemiyalelo yokuthi ungazinakekela kanjani nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo zokuphepha okufanele uzithathe.
Ingabe zikhona izingozi ezihilelekile, njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa?
Yebo, njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezithile, kodwa amaqembu ethu ezokwelapha alwela ukunciphisa lezi ngangokunokwenzeka. Izingozi ezingaba khona zifaka:
- Ukopha
- Ubuhlungu
- Ukutheleleka
- Ukuquleka
- Isifo sohlangothi
- I-Hydrocephalus (ukunqwabelana koketshezi ebuchosheni)
- I-Coma
Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa nawe ngazo zonke lezi zingozi ezingaba khona ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama ngokuphelele?
Ngokuvamile, ukululama okuphelele kuthatha cishe amasonto ayi-6 kuya kwayi-8. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu futhi kuncike ohlotsheni lokuhlinzwa. Ungenzi noma yikuphi ukuphakamisa okunzima noma ukuvivinya umzimba okunzima kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho ekugunyaza ngokusobala. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokwazisa ukuthi ungabuyela nini esikoleni noma emsebenzini. Ukuphumula kuyisici esibaluleke kakhulu phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
Ngingakwazi yini ukuphila impilo evamile ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Lona umbuzo ovamile. Impendulo ithi, Yebo! Abantu abaningi bayalulama ngokuphelele ngemva kwalokhu kuhlinzwa futhi babuyele ekuphileni kwabo okuvamile kwansuku zonke ngaphandle kwezinkinga zesikhathi eside. Sicela ungakhathazeki ngekusasa.
Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha!
Uma usubuyele ekhaya, kufanele uqaphele izimpawu ezithile eziyisixwayiso. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
| Xhumana nodokotela wakho uma: | |
|---|---|
| – Ukuhlinzwa akwelapheki kahle. | |
| – Uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ukuvuvukala eduze kwesilonda. | |
| – Uba nomkhuhlane. | |
| Yiya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo (ER) ngokushesha uma: | |
| – Ubona izimpawu zesifo sohlangothi (ukugoba kobuso, ubuthakathaka bengalo, noma ubunzima bokukhuluma). | |
| – Uhlangabezana nobunzima bokuphefumula. | |
| – Unesifo sokuwa. | |
Umlayezo Wokugoduka (Nirogi Lanka)
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-craniotomy kuyindlela enkulu kodwa evame ukusindisa impilo yobuchopho.
- Ingcezu yethambo ekhishwe ekhanda ivame ukunamathiselwa kabusha ngesikhathi senqubo efanayo.
- Ukululama kuthatha isikhathi, futhi ukuphumula kubalulekile phakathi nalesi sigaba.
- Unganqikazi ukuxoxa nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka nodokotela wakho.
- Abantu abaningi balulama ngokugcwele futhi baqhubeke nokuphila impilo evamile neyanelisayo ngemva kwale nqubo.
Ukuhlinzwa kwekhanda, ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho, ugebhezi, ukuhlinzwa kwezinzwa, izimila zobuchopho, ukululama kokuhlinzwa kobuchopho, ulwazi lwe-craniotomy
