Wake wezwa nge-Lynch Syndrome? Leli gama lingase libe lisha kuwe. Kodwa yisimo sofuzo esidluliselwa esizukulwaneni ngesizukulwane esikhuphula kakhulu ingozi yethu yokuba nomdlavuza. Lokhu kwandisa ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-50. Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane uma uzwa amagama athi "ungase uthole umdlavuza". Kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuba nolwazi oluhle ngezimo ezinjalo. Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma ngalokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Lynch Syndrome?
Cabanga ukuthi imizimba yethu ifana nomshini oyinkimbinkimbi osebenza ngokwencwadi enkulu yemiyalelo (i-DNA). Izakhi zethu zofuzo zifana nezinhlamvu ezikule ncwadi yemiyalelo. Ngezinye izikhathi, kuba namaphutha kule ncwadi yemiyalelo, noma 'amaphutha okuthayipha'. Kwezokwelapha, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo.
I-Lynch syndrome yisimo esibangelwa ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo. Umzimba wethu unohlobo olukhethekile lwezakhi zofuzo oluthola futhi lulungise amaphutha ku-DNA yethu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-"mismatch repair (MMR)`` gene. Kufana 'nethimba lokulungisa'' emzimbeni wethu. Umuntu one-Lynch syndrome unesici kwenye yezakhi zofuzo kuleli 'qembu lokulungisa''. Ngakho-ke, amaphutha ku-DNA awalungiswa kahle. Amaseli anala maphutha ayaqoqana futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, anamathuba amaningi okuba nomdlavuza.
Lesi simo singathinta noma ubani. Ngoba kuyisimo sofuzo. Ngezinye izikhathi ungazuza lesi sakhi sofuzo esingenasici kumama noma kuyihlo. Akuvamile kakhulu, lokhu kuguquka kofuzo kungenzeka emzimbeni womuntu omusha ngaphandle kwanoma ubani emndenini. Uma ubheka izibalo ezweni elinjengeMelika, kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabangu-279 unalesi simo.
Yiziphi izimpawu umuntu one-Lynch syndrome angase azibone?
Into ebalulekile okufanele uyiqaphele lapha ukuthi i-Lynch syndrome ayinazo izimpawu ezithile. Kunalokho, iyisibonakaliso somdlavuza obangelwa yilesi simo. Ovame kakhulu kulawa umdlavuza we-colorectal.
Ngakho-ke, nazi ezinye izimpawu ezivamile ezingase zihlotshaniswe nomdlavuza we-colorectal:
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Igazi esitulweni | Indle ingaba bomvu noma ibe mnyama bhuqe negazi elixubene. |
| Ubuhlungu besisu noma isicanucanu | Ubuhlungu besisu obuvamile noma ukungakhululeki. |
| Ushintsho emikhubeni yokuzilungisa | Ukuqala ngokuzumayo kokuqunjelwa noma uhudo, noma indle encane kunokujwayelekile. |
| Ukukhathala okuvamile | Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo naphezu kokuphumula okuhle. |
| Ukuqunjelwa noma ukuqunjelwa | Ukuzizwa ugcwele noma uvuvukele ngisho nangemva kokudla kancane. |
| Isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza | Ukucanuzela noma ukuhlanza ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile. |
Into ebalulekile ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu othola lezi zimpawu. Ngezinye izikhathi umdlavuza ungase ungabonakali izimpawu kuze kube yilapho usuqhubeke kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, uma uqhubeka nokuba nezimpawu eyodwa noma ngaphezulu, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho ukuze akunike iseluleko.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zomdlavuza ezingavela ngenxa yalesi simo?
I-Lynch syndrome akuyona inkinga evula indlela yohlobo olulodwa lomdlavuza. Yandisa ingozi yokuthola umdlavuza ezingxenyeni eziningi zomzimba. Izitho ezisengozini zingahluka kuye ngesakhi sofuzo esinephutha. `MLHL`, `MSH2`, `MSH6`, `PMS2` kanye ne-`EPCAM` yizakhi zofuzo ezinhlanu eziyinhloko ezihilelekile.
Ngezansi kunezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza i-Lynch syndrome eyandisa ingozi yazo.
| Uhlobo lomdlavuza | Ingxenye yomzimba efanele |
|---|---|
| Umdlavuza wekholoni kanye nomdlavuza we-rectal | Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla |
| Umdlavuza wesibeletho/we-Endometrial | Uhlelo lokuzala lwabesifazane |
| Umdlavuza wesibeletho | Uhlelo lokuzala lwabesifazane |
| Umdlavuza wesisu | Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla |
| Umdlavuza wamathumbu amancane | Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla |
| Umdlavuza we-pancreatic | Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla |
| Umdlavuza womgudu womchamo ongaphezulu | Uhlelo lomchamo |
| Umdlavuza wobuchopho | Uhlelo lwezinzwa |
| Umdlavuza wesikhumba | Isikhumba |
Umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu obangelwa yi-Lynch syndrome uhlukile kancane. Ukhula ngokushesha kakhulu kunomdlavuza ovame ukuvela.Nakuba kuthatha iminyaka engaba yi-10 ukuthi i-polyp encane yomuntu ojwayelekile ibe nomdlavuza, kuthatha unyaka noma emibili nje kuphela kumuntu one-Lynch syndrome.
Futhi, ngenxa yalesi simo, umuntu oke waba nomdlavuza we-colonectal wabe eselulama usengozini enkulu yokuthola uhlobo olufanayo lomdlavuza futhi.
Cabanga, kunethuba elingaba ngu-15% lokukhula komdlavuza futhi zingakapheli iminyaka eyi-10 ngemuva kokususwa komdlavuza wokuqala ngokuhlinzwa. Le ngozi ingakhuphuka ifike ku-40% ngemva kweminyaka engama-20, futhi ifike ku-60% ngemva kweminyaka engama-30. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi ukuhlolwa njalo kubaluleke kangakanani.
Lokhu kudluliswa kanjani ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane?
I-Lynch syndrome yisimo esidluliselwa kusuka esizukulwaneni kuya kwesinye ngendlela "elawulwa yi-autosomal". Lokhu kusho ukuthi noma ngabe umzali oyedwa kuphela, kungaba umama noma ubaba, onesitho esingenasici, kunethuba elingu-50% lokuthi ingane izosizuza njengefa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingane ngayinye inethuba elingu-50% lokusizuza njengefa kanye nethuba elingu-50% lokungasizuzi njengefa.
Ngakho-ke, uma wena noma othile emndenini wakho etholakala ene-Lynch syndrome, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa wonke umndeni wakho. Ikakhulukazi izingane zakini, izingane, nabazali kufanele batshelwe ngale ngozi. Ukubathumela ekuhlolweni kofuzo kanye nokwelulekwa kungasindisa ngisho nokuphila kwabo.
Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi nginalesi simo? Yiziphi izivivinyo okufanele ngizenze?
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuqinisekisa ukuthi une-Lynch syndrome ukwenza ukuhlolwa kofuzo . Lokhu kuvame ukuhilela ukuthatha isampula yegazi. Noma kuthathwa i-buccal swab ngaphakathi emlonyeni wakho. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungabona ngokunembile ukuthi une-mutation yini kuma-gene esikhulume ngawo ngaphambili, njenge-MLHL ne-MSH2.
Uma kutholakala ukuthi une-Lynch syndrome, into elandelayo ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukuhlolwa njalo ukuze kutholakale umdlavuza kusenesikhathi. Udokotela wakho uzokwakha isimiso sokuhlolwa esifanele wena.
| Ukuhlolwa | Indlela yokukwenza kanye nesikhathi esinconyiwe |
|---|---|
| I-Colonoscopy | I-colonoscopy inqubo lapho kufakwa khona ipayipi elincane elinekhamera nge-anus ukuze kuhlolwe i-colon. Ngokuvamile kunconywa njalo ngonyaka noma emibili . |
| I-Ultrasound ye-Transvaginal | Kwabesifazane, ukuhlolwa kwe-pelvic, okuhilela ukufaka idivayisi yokuskena ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane nokuhlola isibeletho nama-ovari, kunconywa njalo ngonyaka noma emibili . |
| Ukuhlolwa komchamo | Thola ukuqonda okuyisisekelo ngomdlavuza ohlobene nezinso ngokuhlola isampula yomchamo. Kunconywa ukwenza lokhu minyaka yonke . |
| I-Endoscopy Ephezulu | Ipayipi elinekhamera efakwe ngomlomo ukuhlola isisu kanye nengxenye engenhla yamathumbu amancane. Kunconywa njalo eminyakeni emi-3-5 . |
| Ukuhlolwa kwebhayoloji | Uma kutholakala izicubu noma isimila esisolisayo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okungenhla, kuthathwa isampula encane bese kuhlolwa amangqamuzana omdlavuza. |
Iphathwa kanjani i-Lynch syndrome?
Okwamanje akukho ukwelashwa kwesifo sofuzo i-Lynch syndrome. Ngakho-ke, ukugxila okuyinhloko kokwelashwa ukuthola nokususa amangqamuzana omdlavuza emzimbeni ngokuhlinzwa. Uma umdlavuza ungatholakala futhi ususwe ngaphambi kokuba usakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, imiphumela iba yimpumelelo enkulu.
Lokhu kudinga ithimba lodokotela elihlanganisa imikhakha eyahlukene. Isibonelo, odokotela bezifo zamathumbu, odokotela abahlinzayo, odokotela bezifo zabesifazane kanye nodokotela bezifo zabesifazane basebenzisana ukwelapha lesi simo.
Abanye abantu, ikakhulukazi abesifazane asebeqede imindeni yabo, bakhetha ukususwa kwesibeletho noma ukususwa kwesibeletho ngaphambi kokuba kuvele noma yisiphi isifo ukuze banciphise ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza wesibeletho noma wesibeletho esikhathini esizayo. Ngokufanayo, labo abasengozini enkulu yomdlavuza wamathumbu bangakhetha ukususwa kwesibeletho. Lezi izinqumo zomuntu siqu kakhulu, futhi kufanele zenziwe ngemva kokuxoxa kabanzi nodokotela wakho.
Ingabe i-Lynch syndrome ne-HNPCC ziyinto efanayo?
Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa negama elithi `HNPCC (Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer)`. I-Lynch syndrome kanye ne-HNPCC zivame ukusetshenziswa ngokushintshana, kodwa kunomehluko omncane wobuchwepheshe phakathi kwalezi ezimbili.
Kalula nje, igama elithi HNPCC lisetshenziswa ngokusekelwe emlandweni womndeni. Okusho ukuthi, uma amalungu amaningana omndeni ethole lolu hlobo lomdlavuza, lowo mndeni kuthiwa une-HNPCC. Kodwa i-Lynch syndrome yigama elinikezwa ngemva kokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo okubangela ukuthi kutholakale. Ngakho-ke, wonke amalungu omndeni one-HNPCC angaba nokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo kwe-Lynch syndrome. Futhi, umuntu othuthukisa ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo okusha ngaphandle komunye umuntu emndenini kungashiwo nokuthi une-Lynch syndrome.
Akekho othanda ukuzwa amagama athi, "Unomdlavuza." Umuntu onesifo se-Lynch syndrome kungase kudingeke ezwe lawo mazwi ngesikhathi esithile empilweni yakhe. Kodwa akusikho ukuphela komhlaba. Uma wazi ngesimo sakho, sebenzisana nodokotela wakho, futhi uthola ukuhlolwa komdlavuza njalo, noma yimuphi umdlavuza ungatholakala futhi welapheke ekuqaleni kwawo. Ukutholwa nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuphila impilo enempilo nejabulisayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Lynch syndrome yisimo sofuzo esidluliselwa kusuka esizukulwaneni kuya kwesinye futhi sandisa ingozi yomdlavuza.
- Ngisho noma umzali oyedwa kuphela onalesi sakhi sofuzo esingasebenzi kahle, ingane inethuba elingu-50% lokusizuza njengefa.
- Uma wena noma othile emndenini wakho etholakala enalesi simo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa amanye amalungu omndeni aseduze ngaso.
- Nakuba lesi simo sofuzo singelapheki, indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela noma yokuthola umdlavuza kusenesikhathi iwukuhlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha.
- Ukutholwa nokwelashwa komdlavuza kusenesikhathi kungaletha imiphumela ephumelelayo kakhulu futhi kukuvumele ukuthi uphile impilo enempilo.
- Hlala uthintana nodokotela wakho ukuze uhlele isimiso sokuhlolwa esikufanele futhi uxazulule noma yiziphi izinkinga.
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