Umkhuhlane, ukungezwani komzimba, noma umkhuhlane ohambisana nekhala eligobhozayo, ukukhwehlela, impumulo evalekile, namehlo alumayo kungaba yinkinga enkulu, akunjalo? Ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi, udokotela wakho angase akunike isiraphu ekhethekile yokulawula lezi zimpawu. Namuhla, sikhuluma ngesiraphu esenziwe ngemithi emithathu enamandla. Kubalulekile ukwazi kahle ukuthi iyini ukuze uphephe.
Uyini lomuthi? Ukucacisa...
Lomuthi uyinhlanganisela yezithako ezintathu eziyinhloko. Ngayinye yazo yenza umsebenzi ohlukile. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini.
1. I-Promethazine: Lolu uhlobo lwe -antihistamine . Kalula nje, iyasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba. Isibonelo, inciphisa izinto ezifana namehlo abomvu, ukulunywa, kanye nekhala eligobhozayo.
2. I-Phenylephrine: Lokhu kuyisidakamizwa sokuqeda ukuminyana kwamakhala. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kunciphisa ingcindezi ebangelwa ukuminyana kwamakhala kanye ne-mucus, okwenza kube lula ngawe ukuphefumula.
3. I-Codeine: Lesi yisithako esinamandla sokunciphisa ukukhwehlela esisesigabeni se-opioid . Sisebenza ngqo ebuchosheni, silawula izimpawu ezibangela ukukhwehlela.
Ngakho-ke, uyaqonda? Lona umuthi ohlanganisiwe owelapha izimpawu eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa (ukukhwehlela, i-phlegm, ukuminyana kwamakhala, ukungezwani komzimba). Yingakho kudingeka siqaphele kakhulu lapho siwusebenzisa.
Izinto okudingeka uzitshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi
Kubalulekile ukuthi udokotela wakho azi umlando wakho wezokwelapha ophelele ngaphambi kokukunikeza lo muthi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kungaba yingozi ukusebenzisa lo muthi ezimweni ezithile zezokwelapha. Uma unezinye zezimo ezibalwe ngezansi, qiniseka ukuthi uyamtshela udokotela wakho.
| Isifo noma isimo | Kungani kufanele unikeze ulwazi? |
|---|---|
| I-asthma noma ezinye izifo zokuphefumula | Ngoba umuthi ungenza kube nzima ukuphefumula. |
| Isifo sikashukela | Kungathinta amazinga kashukela egazini. |
| Umfutho wegazi ophezulu noma ophansi, isifo senhliziyo | Isilinganiso senhliziyo kanye nomfutho wegazi kungathinteka. |
| I-Glaucoma (ukucindezeleka okukhulu emehlweni) | Ukucindezeleka kwamehlo kunganda kakhulu. |
| Isifo sesibindi noma sezinso | Kungaba nzima ukukhipha umuthi emzimbeni. |
| Isifo se-thyroid | Izimpawu zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu. |
| Umlando wokusebenzisa utshwala noma izidakamizwa | Ukusabela okuyingozi kungenzeka ngomuthi. |
| Uma ukhulelwe, uzama ukukhulelwa, noma uncelisa | Ngoba kungaba yingozi enganeni. |
| Ukungezwani neminye imithi, ukudla, noma izinto ezithile | Kukhona ithuba lokusabela kokungezwani komzimba kulo muthi. |
Ngingawusebenzisa kanjani umuthi?
Ake siqaphele ukuthi singawusebenzisa kanjani lo muthi.
- Thatha umthamo onqunyiwe kuphela: Thatha umthamo onqunyiwe ngudokotela wakho, ngesikhathi onqunyiwe. Ungalokothi wandise umthamo ngokunganaki.
- Ukulinganisa okunembile: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Ungasebenzisi izipuni zasekhaya noma izipuni ukuze ulinganise umuthi. Azinembile. Sebenzisa kuphela indebe ekhethekile yokulinganisa noma isipuni esihambisana nomuthi. Geza kahle ngemva kokusebenzisa.
- Ukudla noma ngaphandle kokudla:Lokhu kungathathwa ngaphambi noma ngemva kokudla, kodwa uma uzwa ubuhlungu besisu, kungcono ukukuthatha kanye nokudla.
- Unganiki izingane: Lo muthi awuvunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ezinganeni. Ngakho-ke, ungawuniki izingane ngaphandle kweseluleko esikhethekile esivela kudokotela.
- Uma uphuthelwa umthamo: Uma uphuthelwa umthamo, thatha ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula. Kodwa-ke, uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo, yeqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uthatha umthamo wakho olandelayo ngesikhathi esihleliwe. Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Kuthiwani uma ngiphuza umuthi omningi kakhulu?
Uma ucabanga ukuthi uthathe umuthi omningi kakhulu, ungalibali. Yiya e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha. Noma shayela i-National Poisons Information Centre e-Colombo National Hospital ukuze uthole iseluleko.
Lo muthi unikezwe wena wedwa. Ngenxa yamandla awo, ungalokothi unike omunye umuntu umuthi wakho, noma ngabe unezimpawu ezifanayo nezakho.
Eminye imithi engase ihlangane nalo muthi (Ukusebenzisana Kwezidakamizwa)
Kudingeka uqaphele kakhulu ngeminye imithi oyithathayo lapho uthatha lo muthi. Eminye imithi ingaba nemiphumela eyingozi uma ihlanganiswa nalo muthi.
| Ungalokothi uthathe lezi zinto nawe! | |
|---|---|
| Utshwala | Kubangela izimo ezisongela ukuphila njengobuthongo obukhulu kanye nokuma kokuphefumula. |
| I-MAOI (uhlobo oludala lwemithi yokwelapha isifo sengqondo) | Kungase kube nokusabela okuyingozi njengomfutho wegazi ophakeme. |
| Eminye imithi yokwelapha izinhlungu ze-opioid noma yokukhwehlela | Ingozi yokudlula ngokweqile iphezulu kakhulu. |
| Qaphela lapho uthatha lokhu kanye neminye imithi (tshela udokotela wakho ). | |
| Imithi yokulala, ukukhathazeka, nokucindezeleka | Kukhulisa kakhulu ukozela kanye nesiyezi. |
| Eminye imithi yokungezwani komzimba noma yomkhuhlane | Imiphumela ingaba kabili noma kathathu futhi imiphumela emibi inganda. |
| Amanye ama-antibiotic kanye nama-antifungal | Izinga lemithi emzimbeni lingakhushulwa ngendlela eyingozi. |
Lolu hlu aluphelele, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo (kufaka phakathi amavithamini, amakhambi, kanye nezithasiselo zokudla) .
Amaphuzu akhethekile okufanele uwaqaphele lapho uthatha umuthi
- Ukozela kanye nesiyezi: Lokhu kuyimiphumela emibi kakhulu yalo muthi. Ngakho-ke, ungashayeli, usebenze ezindaweni eziphakeme, noma usebenzise imishini uze wazi kahle ukuthi lo muthi uthinta kanjani wena. Qaphela lapho uvuka endaweni yokuhlala noma uvuka embhedeni, ikakhulukazi uma usukhulile. Isiyezi singaba khona futhi ungase uwe.
- Ukuqunjelwa: I-codeine ekulo muthi ingabangela ukuqunjelwa. Ukuze uvimbele lokhu, phuza amanzi amaningi futhi udle ukudla okune-fiber eningi (izithelo, imifino). Uma ungakwazi ukuya endlini yangasese izinsuku ezingu-2-3, tshela udokotela wakho.
- Umlomo owomile namehlo omile: Uma umlomo wakho womile, ukuhlafuna itshungama engenashukela nokuphuza amanzi amaningi kungasiza. Uma amehlo akho engakhululekile, ikakhulukazi uma ugqoka amalensi okuxhumana, buza udokotela wakho ngokusebenzisa amaconsi okugcoba.
- Ukuzwela elangeni: Lo muthi ungenza isikhumba sakho sizwele elangeni (photosensitivity). Ngakho-ke, nciphisa ukuchayeka kwakho elangeni elinamandla ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma uya khona, gqoka izingubo ezimboza isikhumba sakho bese usebenzisa umuthi omuhle wokuvikela ilanga.
- Ukubekezelela: Uma uqhubeka nokusebenzisa lo muthi, umzimba wakho ungase uwujwayele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukukhululeka ekukhwehleleni kungase kunciphe. Futhi, akuwona umqondo omuhle ukuyeka ukuwuthatha ngokuzumayo. Ukwenza kanjalo kungaba nzima. Lokhu akusho ukuthi usuwumlutha wawo.Ukulutheka kuyinto ehlukile. Uma udokotela efuna ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha imithi, uzokwenza lokho ngokunciphisa kancane kancane umthamo.
Imiphumela emibi yomuthi
| Imiphumela emibi kakhulu edinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha | |
|---|---|
| Ukungezwani komzimba okukhulu | Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, ulimi noma umphimbo (kungabangela ubunzima bokuphefumula). |
| Ukucindezeleka kwesistimu yezinzwa ephakathi (ukucindezeleka kwe-CNS) | Ukuphefumula okuhamba kancane noma okungajulile, ukozela ngokweqile, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, kanye nobunzima bokuvuka. |
| Izinguquko ekushayeni kwenhliziyo | Ukuzizwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile. |
| Izinguquko ekucindezelweni kwegazi | Ukwanda noma ukwehla okungazelelwe komfutho wegazi (isiyezi, ukuquleka). |
| Ukunyakaza okungalawuleki (i-EPS) | Ukuqina kwemisipha, ukuthuthumela, ukungaphumuli, nobunzima bokuhamba. |
| Izinkinga zokubona | Ubuhlungu bamehlo obungazelelwe, ukubona okufiphele, ukubona indandatho ezizungeze izibani. |
| Ngokuvamile akuyona into embi kangako, kodwa uma iqhubeka, tshela udokotela wakho. | |
| Ukozela, isiyezi | Umlomo owomile |
| Ukuqunjelwa | Ikhanda elibuhlungu |
| Isicanucanu, ukuhlanza | Ukungalali noma ukungahlaliseki |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Lona umuthi onamandla othinta izimpawu eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa futhi kufanele uthathwe kuphela ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela.
- Gwema ukushayela kanye nemisebenzi eyingozi edinga ukuqapha, njengoba kungase kube nobuthongo obukhulu ngenkathi uthatha umuthi.
- Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke eminye imithi, amavithamini, kanye nemithi yendabuko oyithathayo.
- Gwema ukuphuza utshwala ngokuphelele ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi. Kuyingozi kakhulu.
- Uma uphuza umuthi omningi kakhulu noma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi kakhulu, hamba uye emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha.
- Gcina lo muthi endaweni ephephile kude nezingane nezilwane ezifuywayo. Ungalokothi wabelane ngomuthi wakho nabanye.
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