Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ungakhululekile, wesaba, futhi ukhathazekile ngendlela engenakulawuleka? Noma uyalala ebusuku bese ujikajika kuze kube ngakusasa ekuseni? Mhlawumbe udokotela wakho ukunike 'umuthi wokuzola ingqondo yakho'. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi imithi yokudambisa . Kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi wazi kahle ukuthi iyini le mithi. Ngoba uma ingasetshenziswanga kahle nangendlela efanele, kungavela izinkinga ezinkulu. Ngakho-ke ake sixoxe ngakho konke ngamazwi alula namuhla.
Kalula nje, ziyini lezi zidakamizwa zokudambisa?
Kalula nje, umuthi wokudambisa ubuhlungu uwuhlobo lomuthi onciphisa noma olawula ukusebenza kwesimiso sethu sezinzwa esiyinhloko , okungukuthi, ubuchopho bethu kanye nomgogodla. Kufana nokunciphisa ijubane lemoto egijima ngesivinini esikhulu.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zale mithi. Eminye inamandla kakhulu, eminye ayinamandla kangako. Futhi, eminye imithi inomphumela omude, kanti eminye ihlala isikhathi esifushane kuphela. Udokotela uzokunikeza lo muthi ngemva kokuhlola ngokucophelela isimo sakho nokunquma uhlobo kanye nomthamo ofanele kakhulu kuwe.
Cabanga ukuthi kwenzekani emzimbeni wakho uma uthatha lo muthi. Ake sibone ukuthi yimiphi imiphumela eyinhloko.
| Umphumela | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuzizwa ukhululekile | Ukungahlaliseki nokukhathazeka engqondweni yakho kuzophela futhi uzoqala ukuzizwa ulula. |
| Ukukhathazeka okunciphile | Ukwesaba nokukhathazeka enganginakho enhliziyweni yami kuyaphela. |
| Ukozela | Kungakwenza uzizwe ukhathele futhi ulele. Lesi yisona sizathu esiyinhloko esenza lokhu kunikezwe abantu abanenkinga yokulala. |
| Ukuzwa okuncishisiwe kobuhlungu nokuthinta | Ukuqina kwemizwa, njengobuhlungu nokuthinta, kungancipha. |
| Ukuphefumula nokushaya kwenhliziyo | Isivinini sakho sokuphefumula kanye nesivinini sokushaya kwenhliziyo kungase kwehle kancane. |
| Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo | Ungase ungakhumbuli kahle ukuthi kwenzekeni ngesikhathi umuthi usebenza. |
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi le mithi inengozi yokuba umlutha , ngakho akufanele isetshenziswe ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela. Futhi, kubalulekile ukuyisebenzisa kuphela njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela, nangesikhathi esibekiwe.
Kusho ukuthini ukuthi "ukupholisa"?
Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwenziwe ngaphansi komuthi wokudambisa. "Umuthi wokudambisa" isenzo sokunikeza umuntu umuthi wokudambisa ukuze azizwe ezolile, ekhululekile, noma elele. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha (njenge-endoscopy) noma ukuhlinzwa okuncane. Lokhu kusiza isiguli ukuba sizizwe singakhathazeki kakhulu futhi singakhathazeki kakhulu, okusenza sikwazi ukwenza inqubo ngaphandle kokungakhululeki.
Kunezigaba ezintathu zokupholisa:
1. Ukulala Okuncane: Lokhu kuhilela ukulala kuphela. Uzobe uphapheme, ukwazi ukuphendula imibuzo nokwenza izinto udokotela azicelayo.
2. Ukulala Okulingene: Lokhu kuzokwenza uzizwe ulele kakhulu. Ungase ulale ngisho. Ungase ukhumbule okunye okwenzeka ngaleso sikhathi, kodwa ungase ungakukhumbuli.
3. Ukulala Okujulile: Lokhu kukwenza ulale. Kodwa-ke, akusikho ukulahlekelwa ngokuphelele kwengqondo njengokubulala izinzwa okuvamile. Ngeke ukhumbule noma yini eyenzekile phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
Umehluko phakathi kwe-sedation kanye ne-anesthesia
Abanye abantu bayadida lokhu kokubili. Ukudambisa ubuhlungu kusho ukunciphisa ukuqonda kwakho nokwenza uzole. Ukudambisa ubuhlungu okuvamile kudlulela phambili futhi kukwenze ungazi lutho nhlobo. Ukudambisa ubuhlungu kubalulekile ekuhlinzweni okukhulu (isib. ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo). Ukudambisa ubuhlungu kwanele ekuhlinzweni okuncane noma ekuhlolweni.
Yiziphi izimo ezisetshenziswa yilawa ma-tranquilizer?
Odokotela banikeza le mithi yokudambisa izifo ezahlukahlukene. Evame kakhulu yile:
- Izinkinga zokukhathazeka
- Izinkinga zokwesaba
- Ukungalali
- Ukuquleka, njengesithuthwane
- Izifo zengqondo ezifana nesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo esibizwa ngokuthi i-bipolar disorder
- Ukuqina kwemisipha
- Ukuzola isiguli ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa nokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi yokudambisa?
Le mithi ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba eziningana. Ake sibheke izinhlobo eziyinhloko.
| Isigaba sezidakamizwa | Incazelo nezibonelo |
|---|---|
| Ama-Benzodiazepine | Lezi yizinhlobo ezivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu zemithi yokunciphisa ukucindezeleka. Zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhathazekeni, ukungakwazi ukulala, kanye nokuquleka. Izibonelo: I-Alprazolam (Xanax®), i-Diazepam (Valium®). |
| Ama-Barbiturates | Nakuba lezi zazisetshenziswa kakhulu esikhathini esidlule, manje azisasetshenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yemiphumela yazo emibi kanye nengozi yokudlula ngokweqile. Okwamanje zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekuqedeni izinzwa kanye nokuquleka okukhulu. Isibonelo: I-Phenobarbital. |
| Ama-hypnotics | Lezi zisebenza ngendlela efanayo neBenzodiazepines, kodwa zihlukile ngokwesakhiwo. Zisetshenziswa kakhulu ukwelapha ukungakwazi ukulala. Izibonelo: I-Zolpidem (Ambien®), i-Eszopiclone (Lunesta®). |
| Ezinye izidakamizwa zokudambisa (Okuhlukahlukene) | Kunezinye izinhlobo zemithi ezingezona ezezigaba ezingenhla, kodwa ezinezakhiwo zokudambisa. Lezi zisetshenziselwa nokwelapha ukungakwazi ukulala. |
Lo muthi usebenza kanjani emzimbeni?
Lena indaba yesayensi kancane, kodwa ngizoyichaza kalula. Imiyalezo ishintshaniswa phakathi kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa ebuchosheni bethu kusetshenziswa amakhemikhali abizwa ngokuthi ama-neurotransmitters . Phakathi kwalawa , i-GABA (i-Gamma-aminobutyric acid) iyi-neurotransmitter elawula ukusebenza kobuchopho, esebenza "njengebhuleki."
Lokho okwenziwa ama-tranquilizers ukwandisa umsebenzi we-GABA. Uma i-GABA yanda, umsebenzi wobuchopho uba ngcono kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, sizizwa sizolile futhi silele.
Izinto okufanele uzitshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala umuthi onjengalona
Ngaphambi kokuba udokotela wakho akunike umuthi wokudambisa, kunezinto ezimbalwa okufanele uziqaphele nakanjani. Kubalulekile ukuze uphephe ukusho lezi zinto.
- Buza ukuthi kukhona yini ezinye izindlela zokwelapha isimo sakho uma lo muthi usuyekiwe.
- Khuluma ngokucacile ngezinzuzo nezingozi zokuthatha lo muthi.
- Tshela udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi ezinye izifo onazo (isib. izinkinga zesibindi noma zezinso).
- Ngitshele uma kukhona emndenini wakho oke waba umlutha wezidakamizwa.
- Tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo njengamanje (imithi yezinye izifo, amavithamini, imithi yendabuko), njengoba eminye imithi ingasebenzisana nalesi sidambisi.
- Uma usebenzisa utshwala, qiniseka ukuthi uyakhuluma ngalo.
- Uma ukhulelwe, unethemba lokukhulelwa, noma ungumama oncelisayo, kufanele ukudalule lokho.
- Uma usebenzisa noma yimiphi eminye imithi, khuluma iqiniso nangalokho.
Imiphumela emibi kanye nezingozi ezinkulu zemithi yokudambisa
Njengayo yonke imithi, lena inemiphumela emibi, futhi ingaba yingozi enkulu uma isetshenziswa ngendlela engafanele.
Imiphumela emibi yesikhashana
Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuqala kokusebenzisa umuthi futhi kungase kuphele njengoba umzimba ujwayela umuthi.
- Ukozela
- Isiyezi
- Ubunzima bokugxila, ukungakwazi ukugxila
- Umbono ofiphele
- Isikhathi sokusabela esandisiwe (ukwehla kwe-reflexes)
- Ukuzwa ubuhlungu obuncane
Udokotela wakho uzokweluleka ukuthi ugweme imisebenzi edinga ukuqapha, njengokushayela noma ukusebenzisa imishini , njengoba lo muthi ungabangela ukozela nokuncipha kokuqapha. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela le miyalelo.
Izingozi ezinkulu zesikhathi eside
Lo muthi ungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu uma usetshenziswa isikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi uma usetshenziswa ngendlela engafanele.
1. Amandla Okulutha: Lena ingozi enkulu kunazo zonke. Impumuzo nenjabulo enikezwa yile mithi kungenza abanye abantu babe umlutha wayo. Ngemva kwesikhashana, impumuzo abayizwile ngomthamo wangaphambilini iyaphela. Bese beqala ukwandisa umthamo. Lokhu kungukuqala kokulutha.
- Ukuthembela kwengqondo: Ukuzizwa sengathi "Angikwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kwalesi sidakamizwa."
- Ukuthembela Emzimbeni: Umzimba wakho uyajwayela umuthi futhi uhlangabezana nezimpawu zomzimba ezahlukahlukene (izimpawu zokuhoxa) lapho umuthi uyekwa.
2. Ukweqisa kanye nobuthi: Ukuthatha imithi eminingi kunalokho okunconywa udokotela wakho kungasongela impilo. Ingozi yokweqisa imithi iphezulu kakhulu uma uthatha lo muthi notshwala noma ezinye izidakamizwa zokunciphisa ubuhlungu (ama-opioid).
| Izimpawu eziyisixwayiso zokudlula ngokweqile | |
|---|---|
| Ukulala ubuthongo obunzima, kunzima ukuvuka | Ukukhuluma okungaqondakali, ukungingiza |
| Ubunzima bokuhamba, ukulahlekelwa ukulawula umzimba (i-Ataxia) | Ukucindezeleka kokuphefumula |
| Ukuquleka (ukungazi lutho) | |
Uma othile ebonisa lezi zimpawu, kuyisimo esiphuthumayo. Shayela i-1990 Ambulance Service ngokushesha noma umyise e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela esiseduze. Uma kungelashwa ngokushesha, ukufa kungavela.
3. Izimpawu zokuhoxa: Uma umlutha eyeka ngokuzumayo ukuthatha umuthi, umzimba uzosabela kabi. Lokhu kungaba yingozi empilweni.
- Ukukhathazeka okukhulu, ukungahlaliseki
- Ukuthuthumela
- Ukwesaba ubuthongo, amaphupho amabi
- Umkhuhlane ophezulu
- Isilinganiso senhliziyo nokuphefumula kuyashesha.
- Ukuquleka
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu , ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha lo muthi ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho. Uma uyeka, yenza kanjalo ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela wakho, unciphise kancane kancane umthamo.
Ufuna ukubona udokotela futhi ngasiphi isikhathi?
Kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana nanoma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo ngesikhathi uthatha lo muthi.
- Uma izimpawu zakho zingathuthuki naphezu kokuthatha imithi.
- Uma imiphumela emibi ikwenza kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke.
- Uma uzizwa sengathi usuqala ukulutheka kulo muthi (isib., uma uzizwa sengathi "awukwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kwawo").
- Uma uzizwa sengathi udinga ukuyeka ukuthatha lo muthi manje (ungawuyeki ngokushesha, khuluma nodokotela wakho bese unquma).
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Imithi yokudambisa ubuhlungu iyiqembu lemithi enamandla kakhulu. Kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela ngokunconywa udokotela.
- Ungalokothi uthathe imithi engaphezu noma encane kunaleyo oyinikezwe udokotela. Yithathe ngesikhathi nangendlela oyinikezwe ngayo.
- Unganiki omunye umuntu umuthi owunikiwe. Uyingozi kakhulu kangangokuthi ungabeka impilo yalowo muntu engozini.
- Tshela udokotela wakho ngokwethembeka ngazo zonke izimo zakho zezokwelapha, noma yimiphi eminye imithi oyithathayo, kanye nokuthi usebenzisa izinto ezinjengotshwala.
- Uma ucabanga ukuthi uyisigqila salo muthi, akukho okufanele ube namahloni ngakho. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha bese ucela usizo.
- Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha imithi ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokubuza udokotela wakho.
- Uma kubonakala izimpawu zokudlula ngokweqile, thatha isiguli usiyise e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ngokushesha.
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