Uma udokotela ekunikeza ukuhlolwa kwegazi, uvame ukuya elabhorethri. Lapho, kukhona umuntu ohlala esihlalweni bese ethatha igazi elincane engalweni yakho ngokucophelela, akunjalo? Ngezinye izikhathi sibabiza ngokuthi “abahlengikazi belabhorethri,” kodwa empeleni bangochwepheshe bezokwelapha abaqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile kulo msebenzi. Yilokho esikubiza ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi i-phlebotomist . Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi ungubani ngempela i-phlebotomist, ukuthi benzani, nokuthi yini ongayilindela uma uyonikela ngegazi.
Ngubani i-Phlebotomist?
Kalula nje, i-phlebotomist inguchwepheshe wezokwelapha oqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile ukuthatha amasampula egazi kuwe. Bangase bathathe lawa masampula egazi ukuze ahlolwe elebhu, ukuze kunikelwe ngegazi, noma njengokwelashwa kwezifo ezithile.
Igama elithi "Phlebotomy" livela olimini lwesiGreki. Igama elithi "Phleps" lisho "imithambo" kanti elithi "tomia" lisho "ukusika." Esikhathini esidlule, lokhu kwakuyinto ehlukile. Kodwa namuhla, kuyinqubo yezokwelapha ethuthuke kakhulu, ephephile, futhi ebaluleke kakhulu.
Isazi Sezokwelapha Nge-Phlebotomist
Abanye odokotela be-phlebotomist abasebenzi endaweni eyodwa. Baya ezindaweni ezahlukene ukuyolanda amasampula egazi. Isibonelo:
- Baya emakhaya eziguli ezisemadolobheni akude ukuze bathathe amasampula egazi.
- Ezinye izikhungo zeziteshi zodokotela ziyafika futhi zithathe amasampula egazi ngesikhathi esidingekayo.
- Ukusebenza emakamu okunikela ngegazi ahambayo.
- Kunezinsizakalo eziya emakhaya abantu asebekhulile, abakhubazekile, kanye neziguli ezingakwazi ukuhlala endlini ukuze ziyolanda amasampula.
Yimiphi imisebenzi eyinhloko ye-Phlebotomist?
Umsebenzi kadokotela we-phlebotomist udlulela ngalé kokudonsa igazi. Umsebenzi onomthwalo wemfanelo omkhulu. Le mithwalo yemfanelo ingahluka kancane kuye ngokuthi isebenza kuphi, kodwa lezi yizinto ezivamile ezizenzayo.
| Umthwalo wemfanelo / Umsebenzi | Kuchazwe kalula |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlonza isiguli | Ngaphambi kokuthatha igazi, bacela igama lakho nosuku lokuzalwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi nguwe. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphepheni. |
| Ukuchaza inqubo | Uma wesaba, bazokwehlisa umoya, bakuchazele ukuthi ungakhishwa kanjani igazi, bese bephendula imibuzo yakho. |
| Ukukhetha indawo efanele | Khetha umthambo ongcono kakhulu nolula ukuwuthola ukuze ukhiphe igazi kuwo, kungaba engalweni yakho noma kwenye indawo. |
| Ukubhoboza imithambo yegazi | Kusetshenziswa izinaliti nemishini ehlanziwe, inani legazi elidingekayo litholakala emthanjeni. Ngezinye izikhathi, kuthathwe ithonsi elincane legazi (isampula ye-capillary) esihlokweni somunwe. |
| Ukulebula kwesampula | Ipayipi eliqukethe isampula yegazi libhalwe kahle imininingwane yakho. Uma lokhu kwenziwa ngendlela engalungile, kungaba yinkinga enkulu. |
| Ukuphepha nokuhlanzeka | Thatha zonke izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuvimbela ukusabalala kwamagciwane (ukulawula ukutheleleka). Izinto ezifana nokugqoka amagilavu nokuhlanza isikhumba ziyimfuneko. |
Into ebalulekile ukuthi, udokotela we-phlebotomist akayena nje umuntu ofaka inaliti emthanjeni. Bayilungu elibaluleke kakhulu leqembu lezokwelapha. Ngoba yibona abathatha isinyathelo sokuqala sokuthola ukuxilongwa okunembile, okuwukuthola isampula efanele.
Kwenzekani ngaphambi nangemva kokuyonikela ngegazi?
Ukunikeza igazi kungaba yinto eyesabekayo kwabanye, kodwa ngokulungiselela okuncane, kungaba inqubo elula kakhulu.
Ngaphambi kokuyonikela ngegazi...
- Phuza amanzi amaningi: Phuza izingilazi ezimbili kuya kwezintathu zamanzi emahoreni ambalwa ngaphambi kokuba uyonikela ngegazi. Lokhu kuzosiza imithambo yakho ukuthi igcwale futhi ibonakale kakhudlwana. Kuzoba lula nangodokotela we-phlebotomist ukuthola imithambo yakho.
- Yidla ukudla okuhle: Ungadli isisu esingenalutho (ngaphandle kokuthi udokotela wakho akutshele ukuthi wenze kanjalo). Yidla ukudla okuhle okuqukethe amaprotheni nama-carbohydrate. Lokhu kuzosiza ekunciphiseni ingozi yokuba nesiyezi ngemva kokunikela ngegazi.
- Cabanga ngezingubo zakho: Gqoka ihembe elinemikhono emifushane noma into ekuvumela ukuthi ugoqe imikhono yakho kalula.
Kwenzekani uma udokotela we-phlebotomist ekhipha igazi?
1. Ukuhlonza: Okokuqala, uzocelwa igama lakho, iminyaka, kanye neminye imininingwane ukuqinisekisa ukuhlonza kwakho.
2. Ukulungiselela: Kuzokhethwa umthambo ongcono kakhulu engalweni yakho wokukhipha igazi, kuzobekwa i-tourniquet phezu kwawo bese isikhumba sihlanzwa kahle ngento efana notshwala.
3. Ukufaka inaliti: Okulandelayo, inaliti ifakwa ngokucophelela emthanjeni. Uzozwa ukugwazwa okuncane, kodwa kuzothatha imizuzwana embalwa kuphela. Ukuphefumula ngokujulile kuzosiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu.
4. Ukuqoqa igazi: Ngemva kokuqoqa inani elidingekayo legazi emapayipini, khulula ibhande elaliboshwe eduze kwengalo bese ususa inalithi.
5. Ukunakekelwa Ngemva Kokuhlinzwa: Uzocelwa ukuba ubambe inaliti endaweni yayo ngekotoni. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuzofakwa ibhandishi endaweni. Kuphela ngemva kokuqinisekisa ukuthi awuzizwa ubuhlungu lapho uzovunyelwa khona ukuhamba.
Ngemva kokunikela ngegazi...
- Gcina ibhandishi okungenani ihora . Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ucelwe ukuthi uligcine amahora afinyelela kwamane.
- Gwema ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo noma ukwenza ukuzivocavoca okunzima ngezinye izikhathi zosuku.
- Uma indawo yokulunywa iqala ukopha futhi, cindezela phansi endaweni, phakamisa ingalo yakho iqonde phezulu, bese ulinda imizuzu emi-5-10.
- Uma uzizwa unesiyezi noma unekhanda elibuhlungu, yeka lokho okwenzayo uhlale phansi noma ulale phansi uze uzizwe ungcono.
Yiziphi izivivinyo eziyinhloko ezenziwa yi-phlebotomist?
Udokotela we-phlebotomist udonsa igazi kunoma yikuphi ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuyalelwa udokotela wakho. Ezinye zezivivinyo ezivame kakhulu zifaka:
- Ukubalwa Kwegazi Okugcwele (FBC/CBC): Ukuhlolwa okuyisisekelo okulinganisa inani lamaseli akho abomvu egazi, amaseli amhlophe egazi, nama-platelet, futhi kungakunikeza umbono wezifo eziningi.
- Iphrofayili Ye-Lipid: Ukuhlolwa kokuhlola amazinga e-cholesterol kanye ne-triglyceride.
- Ukuhlolwa Koshukela Egazini (i-glucose): Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi isifo sikashukela sikhona yini futhi siyalawuleka.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Blood Enzyme: Kusiza ukubona ukuthi kukhona yini okufana nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo okwenzekile.
- Ukuhlolwa Kokugoba Kwegazi: Hlola inqubo yokugoba kwegazi.
Akukhona lokhu kuphela, izinsizakalo zodokotela be-phlebotomist nazo zibalulekile lapho kunikelwa ngegazi noma kususwa igazi emzimbeni njengokwelashwa kwezimo ezithile zezokwelapha (isb., izifo ezibangela insimbi eningi emzimbeni) (i-phlebotomy yokwelapha).
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Udokotela we-phlebotomist uyilungu elibalulekile leqembu lezokwelapha eliqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile ukuthatha amasampula egazi.
- Ungesabi uma uyonikela ngegazi. Bazokwehlisa umoya futhi bakuchazele inqubo ngaphambi kokuthatha igazi. Babuze noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi futhi udle ukudla okumnandi ngaphambi kokuba uyonikela ngegazi. Lokhu kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukungakhululeki kwakho.
- Ngemva kokunikela ngegazi, landela imiyalelo enikezwe udokotela we-phlebotomist ngqo (njengokugcina ibhandishi livaliwe futhi ungaphakamisi izinsimbi).
- Laba bantu bangenye yezinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu udokotela wakho azidingayo ukuze athole isifo esinembile. Ngakho-ke hlonipha insizakalo yabo.
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