Momma yensua pii fa DXA scan (Bone Density Test) a ɛkyerɛ sɛnea wo nnompe ahoɔden te no ho!

So woasusuw sɛnea wo nnompe mu yɛ den wɔ mu no ho pɛn? Ɛtɔ da bi a, yentumi nhu wɔn mfi abɔnten, nanso yɛn nnompe nhyehyɛe no na ɛma yɛtra hɔ gyina hɔ na ɛboa yɛn nipadua nyinaa. Enti ɛho hia yiye sɛ wuhu sɛnea nnompe yi yɛ den, titiriw sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobɛkwati akwahosan ho haw ahorow bi a ɛba bere a obi nyin no. Ɛhɔ na DXA scan (Bone Density Test) no betumi aboa yɛn.

Dɛn ne DXA scan? Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a...

DXA scan yɛ sɔhwɛ titiriw bi a ɛkyerɛ sɛnea wo nnompe no mu yɛ den, anaasɛ ɛyɛ den . Ɛde X-ray di dwuma de hu sɛnea wo nnompe mu yɛ duru na emu yɛ den. DXA gyina hɔ ma ``Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.'' Nanso esiane sɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ yɛbɛkae din tenten saa nti, yɛn nyinaa frɛ no DXA scan kɛkɛ, anaasɛ nnompe mu density test. Kan no na wɔfrɛ no DEXA scan, nanso nnuruyɛfo mfa saa asɛmfua no nni dwuma pii bio.

Nyarewa ahorow bɛn na wɔde DXA scan di dwuma de hu?

Nneɛma pii nti na oduruyɛfo betumi aka akyerɛ wo sɛ wɔnyɛ DXA scan. Wɔn titiriw ne:

• Hu Nnompe mu Yare: Eyi yɛ yare a nnompe yɛ mmerɛw, ɛyɛ mmerɛw, na ɛnyɛ den sɛ ebebubu. Saa tebea yi taa ba bere a obi nyin no.
• Hu tebea a nnompe mu yare te: Eyi yɛ tebea a nnompe mu duru sua sen sɛnea ɛte daa, ɛwom sɛ ɛnyɛ den te sɛ nnompe mu yare de, na nnompe no afi ase reyɛ teateaa. Eyi betumi ayɛ ade a edi nnompe mu yare anim.
• Hwɛ asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobɛbubu dompe: Sɛ wo nnompe yɛ mmerɛw a, ɛda adi sɛ wobɛbubu dompe bi mpo sɛ wohwe ase kakra. Saa scan yi betumi aboa wo ma woahu asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ.

Nnuruyɛfo nso de sɔhwɛ yi di dwuma de hwɛ sɛnea wo nnompe sesa bere a bere kɔ so no. Susuw ho saa kwan yi so:

• Nnompe ahoɔden so tew fi awosu mu bere a obi nyin no. Hwɛ sɛnea ɛkɔ ntɛmntɛm ne sɛnea ɛso atew.
• Nnuru bi (te sɛ corticosteroids) betumi ama nnompe asɛe sɛ nea efi mu ba bere a wufi ase nom no . Hwɛ wo nnompe akwahosan ansa na woafi ayaresa biara ase.
• Sɛ wɔresa wo yareɛ bi a wɔfrɛ no ``Osteoporosis'' anaa ``Osteopenia'' dedaw a , hwɛ sɛ saa ayaresa no ama wo nnompe atu mpɔn anaa ahyɛ mu den anaa.

So ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ DXA scan?

Nokwarem no, obiara betumi anya mfaso afi DXA scan a wɔde bɛhwɛ sɛnea ne nnompe mu yɛ den no mu. Ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo nhwehwɛmu yi akyerɛ sɛ wɔwɔ wo nnompe a ɛyɛ den anaa asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobɛbubu no ho dadwen a.

Nanso, efi awosu mu no, nnipa binom wɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wobenya nyarewa a ɛka nnompe mu duru te sɛ nnompe mu yare. Enti, akuw pii wɔ hɔ a wɔkamfo kyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ DXA scan daa :

• Mmea a wɔadi boro mfe 65.
• Mmarima a wɔadi boro mfe 70.
• Nnipa a wɔadi boro mfe 50 a wɔadi kan abubu dompe (efi akwanhyia ketewaa bi mpo mu) .
• Nnipa a wɔn awofo anaa wɔn nananom anya nnompe mu yare.
• Nnipa a wɔn tenten yɛ nsateakwaa biako ne fã anaa nea ɛboro saa sen sɛnea na wɔte wɔ wɔn tenten a ɛsen biara mu (mpɛn pii no wɔadi mfe 20). (Eyi betumi ayɛ nnompe mu mmerɛwyɛ ho sɛnkyerɛnne.)

Ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔn a wonnii mfe dodow yi mpo a asiane kɛse wom sɛ nnompe bɛyera no yɛ DXA nhwehwɛmu daa. Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛ wo bere ne mpɛn dodow a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi.

Asiane afoforo bɛn na ɛka nnompe a ɛyɛ den?

Akwahosan tebea horow bi ne nnuru a wonom nso betumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya ɔhaw ahorow wɔ wo nnompe a ɛyɛ den ho no ayɛ kɛse. Nhwɛso kakraa bi ni:

• Nyarewa bi a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa .
• Sigaretnom anaa tawa nneɛma afoforo a wɔde di dwuma.
• Nsa a obi de ne ho hyɛ mu anaasɛ ɔnom nsa bɛboro unit abiɛsa da biara.
• Vitamin D a enni nipadua mu .
• Nnuru te sɛ corticosteroids a wɔde di dwuma bere tenten .
• Nnuru bi a wɔde ko tia kokoram .
• Nnuru bi a ɛma nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa .
• Nnuru a wɔde siw hormone ano .
• Nnuru a wɔde sa akisikuru tebea horow bi .
• Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) (wɔtaa kyerɛw eyinom ma tebea horow te sɛ gastritis ne gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)).
• Heparin (aduru a ɛmma mogya ntumi nkɔ).

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔyɛ nnompe mu duru ho nhwehwɛmu (DXA scan) yi?

Nnompe mu duru ho nhwehwɛmu de X-ray a wɔmfa nni dwuma pii di dwuma de susuw wo nnompe mu duru ne mineral a ɛwɔ mu. Ɛte sɛ X-ray a wɔyɛ no daa no kakra. Ɛno nti na X a ɛwɔ DXA mu no gyina hɔ ma "X."

Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ eyi yɛ ayaresa a wɔde kɔ ayaresabea . Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ ɛnsɛ sɛ wotra ayaresabea. Nnade anaa nnuru a wɔde twitwiw nipadua no nni hɔ. Na ɛyaw biara nni hɔ.

Ebia wubetumi ahyɛ wo ntade a wohyɛ da ayɛ sɔhwɛ yi, anaasɛ wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ hyɛ ayaresabea atade.

Sɛnea DXA scan taa kɔ so ni:

1. Wɔbɛma woada X-ray pon titiriw bi so.

2. Mfiridwuma ho nimdefo (radiologic technologist) bɛboa wo ma wode wo ho asi hɔ yiye. Ebia wɔde wo bɛto wo nan ase anaa atwa ho ahyia na aboa ma akɔ so atra nea ɛwɔ hɔ.

3. Afei, saa mfiridwumayɛfo noAfiri a wɔde hwehwɛ nneɛma mu no de wo nipadua no fã bi a ɛte sɛ basa fa wo nipadua mu. Eyi ne nea ɛtwa wo nnompe ho mfonini.

4. Mpɛn pii no , wɔyɛ w’asen ne w’akyi berɛmo scan. Nanso, ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wobetumi ahwɛ wo nipadua mu nnompe afoforo te sɛ wo nsateaa nnompe nso.

Saa DXA scanner yi de mframa a ɛba fam ahorow abien di dwuma de kyerɛ wo nnompe mu duru sɛ mfonini ne mfonini ahorow wɔ kɔmputa so. Wo nnompe da adi sɛ fitaa. Srade, ntini, ne ntini afoforo a ɛyɛ mmerɛw pue sɛ sunsuma tuntum wɔ mfonini ahorow no so.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokwati sɛ wobɛyɛ ansa na woayɛ DXA scan?

Wɔ fã kɛse no ara mu no, ɛho renhia sɛ woyɛ nsakrae kɛse biara wɔ wo da biara da dwumadi mu ansa na woayɛ DXA scan. Mpɛn pii no:

• Wubetumi adidi na woanom ansa na wɔayɛ sɔhwɛ no.
• Wubetumi akɔ so anom nnuru a wode di dwuma da biara da sɛnea wotaa yɛ no, gye sɛ wo duruyɛfo ka kyerɛ wo sɛ ɛnte saa.
• Sɛ woba sɛ worebɛsɔ ahwɛ a , hyɛ ntade a ɛyɛ fɛ na ɛnyɛ den. Bɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛhyɛ ntade a dade afã horow nni mu (te sɛ zip, bɔton, abɔso). Ɛho behia sɛ wuyi dade ntade ne agude biara ansa na woayɛ sɔhwɛ no.

Nea ɛho hia: Sɛ worenom calcium aduru anaa vitamin afoforo afi nnurutɔnbea a, nnom nnɔnhwerew 24 ansa na woayɛ nhwehwɛmu no. Ka vitamin ne nnuru a wɔde ka ho a worenom kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo. Ɔbɛkyerɛ wo nea wubetumi afa ne nea wuntumi nnye ansa na wɔayɛ DXA scan.

Afei nso, wuntumi nyɛ DXA scan wɔ nnɔnhwerew 24 akyi bere a woayɛ mfoninitwa nhwehwɛmu afoforo bi (e.g., CT scan a wɔde contrast dye dii dwuma). Enti, ansa na wobɛyɛ nhyehyɛe sɛ wɔbɛyɛ DXA scan no, sɛ wowɔ nhwehwɛmu foforo biara a woayɛ ho nhyehyɛe a, ka kyerɛ ɔsraani panyin no.

Bere tenten ahe na nnompe mu duru ho nhwehwɛmu gye?

Mpɛn pii no , nnompe mu duru ho nhwehwɛmu gye bɛyɛ simma 30 . Saa bere yi betumi ayɛ soronko kakra a egyina wo nnompe dodow a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ scan so.

So ɔhaw ahorow bi wɔ DXA scan so?

Nokwarem no, asiane ahorow a ɛwɔ nnompe mu duru mu nhwehwɛmu mu no sua koraa. Worente ɛyaw biara anaasɛ worennya nsunsuanso bɔne biara wɔ scan no akyi.

Nanso, sɛ woanyinsɛn anaasɛ wususuw sɛ ebia woanyinsɛn a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ woka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo. Mframa dodow a wɔde di dwuma wɔ DXA mfoninitwa mu no sua araa ma ɛnyɛ nea epira nnipa dodow no ara. Nanso, sɛ woanyinsɛn a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛkwati mframa ahorow nyinaa bere biara a ɛbɛyɛ yiye.

Nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi ada no adi sɛ nsakrae kakra betumi aba DXA scan aba mu a egyina adwumakuw a ɛyɛ scanner no so. Nanso mpɛn pii no ɛno nyɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ wohaw wo ho wɔ ho. Wo duruyɛfo bɛhwɛ wo nnompe a ɛyɛ den bere tenten na sɛ ɛho hia a, obetumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnsan nyɛ nhwehwɛmu anaa nhwehwɛmu afoforo.

Dɛn ne nea efi DXA scan mu ba? Dɛn na wɔkyerɛ?

Nea efi DXA scan mu ba no kyerɛ sɛnea wo nnompe mu yɛ den na emu yɛ den.

Nnuruyɛfo de ɔkwan bi a wɔfrɛ no "T score" di dwuma de susuw wo nnompe mu duru. Saa T nkyerɛwde yi de wo nnompe mu duru toto obi a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden a wadi mfe 20 kosi 30 nnompe mu duru ho. Wɔtaa susuw nea efi mu ba no sɛ akontaahyɛde a enye. Dodow a wo T nkontaahyɛde no bɛn zero (sɛ ɛyɛ akontaahyɛde a ɛyɛ papa a ɛnyɛ hwee) no, dodow no ara na wo nnompe no mu yɛ den.

• 0 ne -1 ntam: Nnompe a ɛyɛ den. (Eyi yɛ tebea pa!)
• Wɔ -1 ne -2.5 ntam: Wowɔ ``Osteopenia``. Eyi betumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya ``Osteoporosis.`` no ayɛ kɛse
• -2.5 anaa nea ennu saa: Wowɔ nnompe mu yare, anaasɛ nnompe a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wowɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wobɛbubu dompe bi.

Wo duruyɛfo ne wo bɛbɔ nea afi mu aba yi ho nkɔmmɔ na wakyerɛkyerɛ nea ɛkyerɛ mu. Sɛ wo nnompe mu duru sua sen sɛnea wohwɛ kwan a, ɔbɛkyerɛ ayaresa ahorow a ɛbɛboa ma wo nnompe no ayɛ den. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ pii: Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a woyɛ no daa no hyɛ wo nnompe mu den. Nneɛma te sɛ nantew, yoga, ne ahoɔden ntetee yɛ kɛse ma nnompe a ɛyera a wosiw ano.
• Nnuan a wɔde ka aduan ho anaa aduan titiriw: Ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ fa vitamin D anaa calcium a wɔde ma. Ebia wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo nso sɛ di nnuan a vitamin ne mineral ahorow bi wom.
• Nnuru: Ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw nnuru a ɛbɛma nnompe no asɛe brɛoo na asiw abubuw ano. Nnuru bi a wɔde sa nnompe mu yare nso betumi aboa ma wo nnompe ayɛ kɛse.

Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛwɔ DXA scan ne nipadua mũ no nyinaa dompe scan ntam?

DXA scan ne nipadua mũ no nyinaa nnompe scan yɛ nhwehwɛmu abien a ɛte saa ara. Scan abien no nyinaa hwehwɛ wo nnompe mu, nanso nnuruyɛfo de hwɛ wo nnompe akwahosan afã horow.

• DXA scan yɛ X-ray nhwehwɛmu titiriw bi a ɛkyerɛ wo nnompe mu duru na ɛhwɛ sɛ ebia nyarewa a ɛma nnompe yɛ mmerɛw te sɛ nnompe mu yare anaa.
• Nipadua nyinaa nnompe mu nhwehwɛmu betumi aboa nnuruyɛfo ma wɔahu sɛ wowɔ kokoram, te sɛ sɛ atrɛw akɔ wo nnompe mu (a akɔ mmeae afoforo). Ebetumi nso aboa ma woahu gyinabea a wo kokoram no wɔ Ebetumi nso ahu ɔyare mmoawa, nnompe a wɔapirapira, ne ɔhaw afoforo.

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

DXA scan, DEXA scan, bone density test... sɛnea wo duruyɛfo bɛfrɛ no biara no, ɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛyɛ ntɛm, ɛnyɛ den (na ɛnyɛ yaw).Eyi ma wo duruyɛfo hu tebea horow a ebetumi aka nnompe mu den ntɛm ara sɛnea obetumi. Ɛdenam mfe a woadi, abusua abakɔsɛm a wowɔ yare, anaa asiane afoforo so no, ebia ebehia sɛ woyɛ nnompe mu duru ho nhwehwɛmu daa.

Ɛsɛ sɛ obiara dwen ne nnompe a ɛyɛ den bere a ɔrenyin no. Bisa wo duruyɛfo mpɛn dodow a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ DXA scan. Ɛho hia titiriw sɛ nnipa a wɔn abusua abakɔsɛm anya nnompe mu yare no sɛ wɔyɛ wɔn nnompe mu duru ho nhwehwɛmu daa.

Wo duruyɛfo bɛboa wo ma wo nnompe ayɛ den sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a ɛbɛboa wo wɔ w’asetra nyinaa mu. Enti, biribiara nni hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ wohaw wo ho wɔ ho. Sɛ ɛho hia a, yɛ nhwehwɛmu na hu wo nnompe akwahosan.

` DXA scan, nnompe a ɛyɛ den, nnompe mu yare, nnompe a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, abubu, T score, nnompe akwahosan