Mogya dodow ahe na ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu? Momma yensua Mogya Dodow Ho Nhwehwɛmu ho ade wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnyɛ den so!

So woasusuw mogya dodow a ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu ho pɛn? Eyi nyɛ asɛm a ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu ara kwa, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi aka w’akwahosan ho nsɛm a ɛho hia paa akyerɛ wo. Ɛno ne nea yɛfrɛ no ``Blood Volume Test'', sɔhwɛ a ɛkyerɛ mogya dodow. Eyi yɛ ``Nuclear Medicine Test'' ankasa, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛde radioactive nneɛma kakraa bi na ɛhwɛ sɛnea nipadua no yɛ adwuma. Mma ɛnhaw wo, eyi yɛ nea ahobammɔ wom kɛse. Momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm nkɔ akyiri, ɛyɛ?

Dɛn na mogya kyerɛ ankasa?

Ɛwom sɛ yɛka sɛ "mogya" deɛ, nanso nneɛma ahodoɔ nyinaa wɔ mu. Sɛ yɛbɛka no pɛpɛɛpɛ a, eyinom ni:

• Plasma: Eyi ne mogya no fã a ɛyɛ nsu. Mma ɛnyɛ wo nwonwa, ɛboro nsuo 90%!
• Nkwammoaa a ɛma mogya tu: Eyinom yɛ nkwammoaa nketenkete a ɛboa ma mogya no tu. Wɔho hia paa ma mogya a wobɛgyae bere a woapira no.
• Mogya Nkwammoaa Kɔkɔɔ: Eyinom te sɛ bɔɔl kurukuruwa. Eyinom ne nea ɛde mframa pa kɔ ntini ahorow a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu nyinaa mu.
• Mogya Nkwammoaa Fitaa: Eyinom te sɛ nipadua no mu awɛmfo. Wɔn na wɔbɔ yɛn ho ban fi mmoawa ne nyarewa ho.

So wunim sɛ ɛwom sɛ saa mogya nkwammoaa ne mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa yi ho hia yiye de, nanso ennu yɛn mogya dodow nyinaa mu 1%. ``Blood Volume Test`` titiriw no susuw plasma ne mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ dodow. Ɛno nti na ɛtɔ da bi a wɔfrɛ no ``Plasma Volume Test`` anaa ``Red Cell Mass Test``.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔhwɛ mogya dodow a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu no so?

Eyi yɛ adwinnade a ɛyɛ nwonwa yiye. Yɛn nipadua no reyɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ na ɛresɛe no bere nyinaa. Yɛn nnompe mu ntini yɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ , na yɛn mmerɛbo sɛe. Nanso saa adeyɛ yi yɛ brɛoo kakra. Fa no sɛ, sɛ wohwere mogya pii esiane yare, akwanhyia, anaa opira bi nti a, ebetumi agye nna pii, ebia asram pii ansa na woayɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ foforo.

Nanso plasma a wodi so no yɛ ntɛmntɛm koraa. Efisɛ plasma yɛ nsu dodow no ara. Nipadua no nya ne nsu fi nsu a yɛnom ne aduan a yedi mu. Nsu nso nam nsu, nsu, fifiri, ne ɔhome so yera. Sɛ wowɔ apɔwmuden a, w’asaabo ma nsu yi kari pɛ.

Nneɛma bɛn na ɛka mogya dodow? Sɛnea ɛte biara no, ɛsɛ sɛ ɛyɛ dodow ahe?

Mpɛn pii no mogya bɛyɛ lita 5 na ɛwɔ ɔpanyin nipadua mu. Nanso, saa dodow yi betumi ayɛ soronko esiane nneɛma ahorow nti. Ɛtɔ da bi a mogya dodow betumi ayɛ pii dodo (Hypervolemia) anaa kakraa bi (Hypovolemia).

Mogya dodow a ɛkɔ soro (Hypervolemia) .

Nneɛma bi a ebetumi de tebea yi aba ne:

• Koma mu yare ahorow bi (Congestive Heart Failure) .
• Nkyene (sodium) a wodi dodo .
• Asaabo mu haw ahorow, sɛ nhwɛso no, asaabo a entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye ne nephrotic syndrome
• Mmɛn a entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye

Sɛ mogya dodow kɔ soro (Hypervolemia), yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ:

• Yafunu mu a ɛyɛ hyew ne nea ɛnyɛ dɛ (Ascites) .
• Koma a Ɛyɛ Den a Ɛyɛ Den
• Mogya Nhyɛso a Ɛkɔ Anim
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den esiane nsu a ɛhyɛ ahurututu mu ma nti
• Swelling (Edema) – Mpɛn pii no nan, nansoaa, nsateaa , anaa anim hohoro.

Mogya dodow a ɛso tew (Hypovolemia) .

Nneɛma atitiriw abien nti na mogya dodow so tew:

• Mogya a ɛtɔ (opira, oprehyɛn, mogya a ɛtɔ wɔ nipadua no mu) .
• Dehydration – Wei kyerɛ sɛ nsuo a ɛdɔɔso nni nipadua no mu.

Sɛ wo mogya dodow so tew mpofirim dodo a, wubetumi akɔ tebea a ɛyɛ hu a wɔfrɛ no ``Hypovolemic Shock.'' Eyi ne bere a yɛn nipadua no yɛ nea edidi so yi de tua mogya a ɛkɔ nipadua no mu a ɛso atew no so ka:

• Ɛma mogya mmoroso so tew.
• Ɛma koma bɔ kɛse.
• Ɛma ahome a wɔhome no yɛ kɛse.

Sɛ mogya dodow kɔ so so tew a, ebetumi asɛe yɛn mu akwaa ne yɛn amemene a yentumi nsakra. Enti eyi nyɛ aseresɛm!

So abusuabɔ bi wɔ mogya dodow ne mogya mmoroso ntam?

Akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛwɔ hɔ! Nhyɛso a ɛwɔ yɛn mogya ntini mu no na ɛma mogya kɔ nipadua no mu ntini ne nkwammoaa biara mu. Sɛ mogya dodow so tew a, mogya mmoroso nso so tew. Afei nipadua no bɔ mmɔden sɛ ɛbɛma mogya no asan akɔ denam mogya ntini no a ɛma ɛtwetwe no so. Nanso sɛ mogya a ɛyera no mu yɛ den (Severe Hypovolemia) a, nipadua no ntumi nni so.

Saa ara na sɛ mogya dodow kɔ soro a, ɛtrɛw yɛn mogya ntini (ntini ne ntini ahorow) mu, na ɛma mogya mmoroso kɔ soro. Hypervolemia taa ba bere a nipadua no ntumi nni nsu dodow a ɛwɔ mu no so esiane asaabo anaa mmerɛbo a entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye nti.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ eyi (Blood Volume Test)?

Nnuruyɛfo de sɔhwɛ yi di dwuma, titiriw wɔ ayarefo a wɔwɔ mmeae a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔn tebea mu yɛ den so . Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Nnipa a wɔahwere mogya pii
• Nnipa a wɔn nsu ho ayɛ wɔn hyew
• Nnipa a wɔwɔ komayare
• Nnipa a wɔn asaabo anaa wɔn mmerɛbo ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye
• Nnipa a wɔahyew wɔn kɛse
• Nkurɔfo a wɔn ho adwiriw wɔn

Nea ɛka eyi ho no, mmere foforo nso wɔ hɔ a nnuruyɛfo de nhwehwɛmu yi di dwuma.

• Hwɛ sɛ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua no mu anaa.
• Hwehwɛ nea ɛde obi a ɔtaa totɔ piti (syncope) ba.
• Hwɛ sɛ mogya mmoroso ne orthostatic hypotension anaa.
• Sɛ́ ``Presurgical Screening'' sɔhwɛ ansa na wɔayɛ oprehyɛn ahorow bi.

Ɛhe na wɔyɛ sɔhwɛ yi?

Wobetumi ayɛ eyi bere a wowɔ ayaresabea mpa so, anaasɛ wobetumi ayɛ wɔ ayaresabea no ``Nuclear Medicine Department''.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na eyi (Blood Volume Test) yɛ adwuma? So ɛyɛ den yiye?

Dabi, ɛnyɛ nea ɛyɛ den saa. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ɛkɔ so sɛ:

Nea ɛbɛyɛ na wɔahu mogya dodow a ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu no, wɔde radioactive iodine tracer dodow pɔtee bi gu wo ntini mu. Tracers te sɛ eyinom ma nnuruyɛfo tumi hwɛ nipadua no dwumadi ahorow bi.

Sɛ wɔde ``(Tracer)`` yi fra wo mogya mu yie wie a, oduruyɛfoɔ no gye mogya bi firi wo hɔ na ɔsusu radioactivity a ɛwɔ mu no.

Wɔde akontabuo mu nsɛsoɔ a ɛnyɛ den te sɛ yei na ɛbu wo mogya dodoɔ: `C1V1 = C2V2`.

Eyi kyerɛ sɛ:

• `C1` yɛ radioactivity dodow a ɛwɔ `(Tracer)` a wɔde guu mu no mu.
• `V1` yɛ `(Tracer)` a wɔde ahyɛ mu no dodow.
• `C2` yɛ radioactivity dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu bere a wɔde `(Tracer)` afra wo mogya mu yiye akyi.
• `V2` ne mogya dodoɔ a ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu (deɛ yɛrebɔ mmɔden sɛ yɛbɛhunu).

Fa no sɛ, sɛ yɛde nnuru dodow bi a wonim ma nipadua no a, yebu mogya dodow nyinaa denam dodow a ɛfrafra mogya no mu na ɛyɛ mmerɛw a yɛhwɛ so.

Nanso sɛ wubehu sɛ ebia mogya dodow a wosusuw wɔ saa kwan yi so no yɛ nea ɛfata, ɛdɔɔso, anaasɛ ɛba fam ma wo a, ɛsɛ sɛ wode toto wo mogya dodow a ɛfata ho. Ɛsono obiara mogya dodow. Wogyina wo tenten, wo mu duru, ne wo bɔbeasu so na ebu wo mogya dodow a ɛfata.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na ɛsɛ sɛ wusiesie wo ho ansa na woayɛ sɔhwɛ?

Wo duruyɛfo betu wo fo wɔ eyi ho. Mpɛn pii no, eye sɛ worenwe anaasɛ worennom biribiara nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi ansa na wɔayɛ sɔhwɛ no.

Da a wɔbɛyɛ sɔhwɛ no, ɛsɛ sɛ wokwati sɛ wobɛnom anonne a caffeine wom (te sɛ kɔfe ne tii). Caffeine yɛ aduru a ɛma nsu fi nipadua no mu, na ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛma nsu a wɔtow gu no yɛ kɛse na eyi nsu fi nipadua no mu. Nnuru bi nso wɔ caffeine. Enti, ɛyɛ papa sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa afa nnuru a worenom ho ansa na woayɛ nhwehwɛmu no na woabisa sɛ ɛho hia sɛ wɔsesa, sɛ ɛho hia a.

Dɛn na ɛba ansa na sɔhwɛ no aba?

Mfiridwuma ho nimdefo bi bɛsusuw wo tenten ne wo mu duru. Afei, wɔde hama a wɔde fa ntini mu (IV) bɛhyɛ ntini bi a ɛwɔ wo nsa, wo nsateaa, anaa wo srɛ mu mu. Eyi yɛ afiri a ɛte sɛ kankyee.

Sɛ woyɛ sɔhwɛ no a, dɛn na ɛba?

Nneɛma a edidi so yi si wɔ sɔhwɛ no mu:

• Wɔbɛma woada sɔhwɛ pon so.
• Mfiridwumayɛfo no de radioactive tracer a wɔfrɛ no Iodine-131 Human Serum Albumin (HSA) fa IV line no mu.
• Afei ɛsɛ sɛ wotwɛn bɛyɛ simma 12 ansa na `(Tracer)` no ne mogya no afra yiye.
• Ɛno akyi no, wɔfa mogya pii, bɛyɛ simma asia biara, na wɔde kɔ aduruyɛdan mu.
• Mpɛn pii no, sɔhwɛ no nyinaa nnye nea ɛboro simma 90.

Sɔhwɛ no akyi?

Mfiridwumayɛfo no beyi IV no, na afei wubetumi akɔ fie. Radioactive tracer no bi bɛkɔ wo nsu mu, na nea aka no bɛsɛe wɔ wo nipadua mu wɔ awosu mu.Ɛsɛ sɛ wonom nsuo pii wɔ sɔhwɛ no akyi, a ɛbɛboa `(Tracer)` no ma wafiri wo nipadua mu ntɛm.

So asiane bi wɔ eyi mu?

• Ɛnyɛ adwene pa sɛ wobɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi sɛ woanyinsɛn anaa worema nufu a. Enti, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛpɛ sɛ ɔyɛ nyinsɛn mu nhwehwɛmu ansa na wɔayɛ nhwehwɛmu no.
• Hokwan ketewaa bi wɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya akisikuru. Sɛ wowɔ iodine, akutu, anaa nkesua ho akisikuru bi a, ɛsɛ sɛ woka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo. Sɛ wowɔ akisikuru biara a, ebia wo duruyɛfo betumi ayɛ nsakrae wɔ nhwehwɛmu no mu na amma wo ho ayɛ wo hyew.
• Radioactive iodine ``(Tracer)`` no betumi asɛe wo thyroid gland. Nea ɛbɛyɛ na woasiw eyi ano no, oduruyɛfo no bɛma wo iodine aduru bi ansa na wɔayɛ nhwehwɛmu no. Sɛ wo thyroid ntini no twetwe iodine no pɛ a, egyae iodine a ɛyɛ radioactive no.

Dɛn na nea efi mu ba no ka? Dɛn na wode wɔn yɛ?

Nhwehwɛmu no bɛkyerɛ sɛ ebia wo mogya dodow te sɛ nea ɛfata, ɛba fam, anaasɛ ɛdɔɔso. Wo duruyɛfo betumi de saa nsɛm yi asusuw wo tebea no ho na wasi ayaresa a ehia ho gyinae.

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ``Blood Volume Test'' kyerɛ sɛ mogya dodow a ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu no yɛ nea ɛfata anaasɛ ɛnte saa. Nsakrae a ɛba mogya dodow mu no ne nyarewa pii wɔ abusuabɔ, na ebetumi de ɔhaw ahorow a emu yɛ den aba. Wɔtaa yɛ sɔhwɛ yi wɔ ayarefo a wɔwɔ mmeae a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔyare denneennen no so. Ebetumi aboa wɔn ma wɔn nsu dodow asan ayɛ sɛnea na ɛte kan no, na aboa wɔn ma wɔn ho atɔ wɔn ntɛmntɛm.

Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie

• ``Blood Volume Test'' yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛkyerɛ mogya dodow a ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu nyinaa.
• Eyi hwɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa ne mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ dodow titiriw.
• Mogya dodow a ɛkɔ soro (Hypervolemia) ne mogya dodow a ɛso tew (Hypovolemia) nyinaa betumi de akwahosan ho haw ahorow aba.
• Nnuruyɛfo de sɔhwɛ yi di dwuma de hu ayaresa tebea horow na wɔyɛ ayaresa ho nhyehyɛe, titiriw wɔ tebea horow a egye ntɛmpɛ mu.
• Wɔde nneɛma kakraa bi a ɛma anyinam ahoɔden (Radioactive Tracer) na edi dwuma wɔ sɔhwɛ no mu, na asiane biara nni ho. Nanso, ɛnyɛ nea ɛfata mma ɛnanom a wɔyem ne wɔn a wɔma wɔn nufu.
• Sɛ wowɔ biribi a ɛma wo ho yɛ wo hyew a, mma wo werɛ mmfi sɛ wubedi kan aka akyerɛ oduruyɛfo no.

Enti, eyinom ne nneɛma a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu fa `(Blood Volume Testing)` ho. Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa foforo bi fa eyi ho a, nsuro sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo, ɛyɛ?

` Mogya dodow, Mogya dodow, Mogya dodow mu nhwehwɛmu, Hypervolemia, Hypovolemia, Plasma, Mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ, Akwahosan mu nhwehwɛmu