Nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ dodow ahe na ɛwɔ wo mogya mu? Momma yensua hematocrit sɔhwɛ no ho ade!

So woate pɛn sɛ oduruyɛfo bi ka sɛ, "Momma yɛnyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu" bere a wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn no? Wɔfrɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛnyɛ den nanso ɛho hia yiye a wɔtaa yɛ no hematocrit. Ɛtɔ da bi a, wobetumi nso akyerɛw sɛ `(Hct)` wɔ w'amanneɛbɔ no so. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, eyi kyerɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu ɔha biara mu nkyem 100. Yɛn mogya yɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ, mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa, mogya nkwammoaa, ne nsu fã bi a wɔfrɛ no `(plasma). Mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ yi dodow a ɛfata a wubenya no ho hia yiye. Efisɛ, wɔwɔ adwuma a ɛho hia yiye – wɔde oxygen kɔ nipadua no nyinaa mu.

Wɔtaa yɛ hematocrit nhwehwɛmu no sɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu kɛse bi a wɔfrɛ no mogya dodow a edi mũ (CBC) no fã. Ebia wubehia sɔhwɛ yi sɛ:

• Wɔ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa a wɔyɛ no afe biara mu, kyerɛ sɛ, sɛ wo nhwehwɛmu a edi mũ no fã.
• Sɛ wowɔ yare bi a ɛka wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ ho sɛnkyerɛnne a. Fa no sɛ bere nyinaa wote nka sɛ woabrɛ na woayɛ mmerɛw.
• Sɛ wowɔ yare bi a ɛfa mogya ho a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛpɛ sɛ ɔhwɛ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no so daa.

Ma yɛnhwɛ sɛnea yɛbɛyɛ sɔhwɛ yi?

Eyi yɛ mmerɛw yiye ankasa. Wɔ ɔpanyin fam no, wotaa gye mogya kakraa bi fi ntini bi a ɛwɔ wo nsa mu no mu. Wɔ akokoaa ketewa, te sɛ nea wadi asram kakraa bi fam no, wotaa yi mogya kakraa bi fi nan ase. Afei wɔboaboa mogya no ano wɔ afiri soronko bi mu, anaa ebia nsukorade pii, a wɔayɛ sɛ wɔde bɛboaboa mogya ano.

Afei wɔde mogya yi kɔ aduruyɛdan mu. Ɛhɔ no, afiri titiriw bi twitwiw mogya no ntɛmntɛm paa, na ɛtetew emu afã horow no mu. Te sɛ bere a wɔayam nufusu no ara pɛ. Afei, afiri no ankasa bu mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ ɔha biara mu nkyem pɛpɛɛpɛ ho akontaa.

So ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ biribi titiriw bi ansa na woayɛ sɔhwɛ no?

Asɛmpa bi ni ma wo! Ɛho nhia sɛ woyɛ biribi titiriw biara de asiesie wo ho ama hematocrit sɔhwɛ yi. Wubetumi adidi na woanom sɛnea ɛsɛ na woanom nnuru biara a wobɛnom sɛnea wotaa yɛ no. Gye sɛ wo duruyɛfo ka kyerɛ wo sɛ ɛnte saa, ɛsɛ sɛ wotoa wo da biara da dwumadi ahorow so sɛnea wotaa yɛ no.

Nanso, biribi ketewaa bi a ɛsɛ sɛ wode sie w’adwene mu ni: Sɛ wusuro kakra wɔ nnade ho, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wo ho yeraw wo bere a wɔka kyerɛ wo sɛ nyi mogya a, di kan ka kyerɛ ɔyarehwɛfo anaa nnuruyɛfo no. Afei wɔbɛkyerɛ wo akwan horow a wobɛfa so agye w’ahome na woatew wo suro so. Ebia wɔne wo bɛkasa anaa wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ brɛ wo ho ase, te sɛ nea worehome brɛoo.

Sɛ wonya mogya a, dɛn na ɛba? So ɛyɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ yesuro?

Mogya a wɔtwe no gye simma kakraa bi pɛ. Ɛyɛ adeyɛ a ɛkɔ so ntɛmntɛm. Nea ɛtaa ba ni:

• Nea edi kan no, onipa a ɔregye mogya no (eyi betumi ayɛ ɔyarehwɛfo anaa aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmubea ho ɔbenfo) behu ntini pa bi wɔ wo basa mu (mpɛn pii no wɔ wo nsateaa mu).
• Afei, wo nsa a ɛwɔ soro, kyerɛ sɛ, wo basa so no, wɔde rɔba a wɔde abɔ so, a yɛsan frɛ no ``tourniquet'' gu so. Eyi yɛ nea ɛbɛma ntini no ayɛ kɛse kakra na ayɛ mmerɛw sɛ wɔbɛtwe mogya.
• Afei, wɔde biribi te sɛ nsa hohoro were a wɔde ade no bɛhyɛ mu no ho yiye. Wɔyɛ eyi na ama mmoawa atumi akɔ mu.
• Afei, wɔde ahwɛyiye de ade no hyɛ ntini no mu. Ɛbɛbɔ wo ho kakra wɔ ha, te sɛ nea ntɛtea aka wo . Nanso ɛyaw no nkyɛ koraa na ɛkɔ ntɛmntɛm. Sɛ wohome denneennen a, ɛnyɛ den. Nsuro.
• Wɔboaboa mogya a ɛfa ade no mu ba no ano wɔ afiri titiriw anaa syringe a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no mu.
• Sɛ wɔgye mogya dodow a wɔhwehwɛ wie a, woyi ade ne rɔba no, wɔde plaster ketewaa bi anaa kotoku bi gu baabi a wɔtwe mogya no so, na wɔde aduru a wɔde kyekyere mogya no gu so.

Wobɛtumi akɔ fie wɔ bere tiaa bi mu. Ansa na wobɛkɔ no, ɛyɛ papa sɛ wubebisa bere a wo nsa bɛka wo hematocrit `(Hct)` amanneɛbɔ. Mpɛn pii no, wogye amanneɛbɔ no wɔ da koro anaa nnanu ntam, ɛtɔ mmere bi a nna kakraa bi.

So eyi betumi de ɔhaw bi aba?

Nnipa dodow no ara nte nka sɛ wɔn ho nyɛ wɔn dɛ bere a wɔde mogya ama akyi na wɔte nka sɛ wɔn ho ye. Nanso, ebia nnipa binom bɛte nka sɛ wɔn adwene mu yɛ wɔn naa kakra anaasɛ wɔn ti ho yɛ hare bere a wɔtwe mogya no. Sɛ wote nka saa a, ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata, mma ɛnhaw wo. Nanso, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛka sɛnea wote nka akyerɛ onipa a ɔretwe wo mogya no. Afei wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ da fam kakra, ma wo nsu bi nnom, anaa wɔbɛboa wo kosi sɛ wo ho bɛtɔ wo. Ebia baabi a wɔtwee mogya no bɛdan bruu kakra, nanso eyi ankasa befi hɔ wɔ nna kakraa bi mu.

Dɛn na ɛwɔ amanneɛbɔ no mu? Dɛn na eyi ka?

Wo hematocrit nhwehwɛmu no mu aba sɛ akontaahyɛde, a wɔda no adi sɛ ɔha biara mu nkyem 100. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ w’amanneɛbɔ no ka sɛ 45 a, ɛno kyerɛ sɛ wo mogya mu 45% yɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ. Sɛnea hematocrit dodow a ɛfata no gu ahorow wɔ mfe a obi adi ne ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna mu ni:

• Wɔ mmarima fam no : 41% kosi 50% .
• Wɔ mmea fam no : 36% kosi 44% .
• Wɔ nkokoaa a wɔadi asram kakraa bi fam no : 32% kosi 42% .
• Wɔ mmofra a wɔawo wɔn foforo fam no : 45% kosi 61% .

Nanso biribi wɔ hɔ a ɛho hia paa a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae wɔ ha. Saa ‘nea ɛyɛ daa’ yi betumi ayɛ soronko kakra wɔ lab biara mu . Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ ebia baabi a lab biako kɔ hɔ daa no bɛyɛ soronko kakra wɔ baabi a ɛwɔ foforo no ho. Ɛno nti na ɛsɛ sɛ wode boɔ a ɛwɔ w’amanneɛbɔ mu no toto ‘reference range’ a wɔde ama wɔ saa amanneɛbɔ no mu no ho. Afei nso, hwehwɛ nkyerɛwde `(H)` (High - a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛkorɔn) anaa `(L)` (Low - a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛba fam) wɔ wo botae no nkyɛn. Saa kwan no so no w’ankasa wubetumi ate ase sɛ ebia wo bo a ɛsom no wɔ nea ɛfata mu, anaasɛ ɛkorɔn anaasɛ ɛba fam.

Sɛ hematocrit bo yɛ den a, dɛn na ɛba?

Sɛ hematocrit bo no boro dodow a wɔkamfo kyerɛ no a, yɛfrɛ no wɔ aduruyɛ mu `(Erythrocytosis)`. Ɛtɔ da bi a eyi betumi ayɛ nnompe mu yare te sɛ `(Polycythemia vera)` ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Nanso mpɛn pii no, eyi kyerɛ sɛ wo nipadua mu nkwammoaa hia oxygen pii, enti wo nipadua no reyɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ pii de ayɛ ho biribi. Sɛnea ɛyɛ den ma yɛn sɛ yɛbɛhome wɔ baabi a mframa pa sua no, saa ara na ebetumi asi wɔ nipadua no mu. Nneɛma bi nti a hematocrit bo betumi akɔ soro ni:

• Carbon monoxide awuduru: Eyi ba bere a wohome wusiw a efi nneɛma te sɛ nnua fononoo ne kar mu mframa mu no.
• Nsu a ɛho nhia: Sɛ nipadua no nnya nsu a ɛdɔɔso a, mogya no mu nsu so tew na mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ ɔha biara mu nkyem 100 kɔ soro.
• Koma mu nyarewa bi: Bere a koma no ntumi nkɔ mogya yiye no.
• Ahurututu mu ntini a ɛyɛ den: Wɔ eyi mu no, oxygen a ɛsesa wɔ ahurututu mu no nkɔ yiye.
• Obstructive sleep apnea: Eyi ne bere a ɔhome gyae bere tiaa bi bere a ɔda anadwo no.
• Sigaretnom: Nipadua no ma mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ pii ba efisɛ wɔn a wɔnom sigaret no mogya ntumi nkɔ mframa pa pii.
• Hormone testosterone a wɔde kɔ abɔnten.

Ade foforo nso ne sɛ, sɛ wote mmeae a ɛkorɔn a, wo hematocrit betumi akɔ soro bere a wo nipadua no reyɛ nsakrae wɔ oxygen dodow a ɛba fam a ɛwɔ saa tebea no mu no ho no. Nanso ɛnyɛ bere nyinaa na ɛyɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ wohaw wo ho wɔ ho. Wo duruyɛfo no besusuw nneɛma te sɛ w’asetra kwan ne tebea a wote ho bere a ɔresan ahwɛ w’amanneɛbɔ no mu na ɔreba awiei no.

Sɛ hematocrit dodow no sua a, dɛn na ɛba?

Hematocrit a ɛba fam taa kyerɛ sɛ wo nipadua no nni mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛte apɔw a ɛdɔɔso. Wɔtaa frɛ saa tebea yi mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu. Nokwarem no, ade titiriw nti a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ hematocrit nhwehwɛmu ne sɛ wususuw sɛ mogya atɔ wo mu . Ebia worenya sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ ɔbrɛ, mmerɛwyɛ, wo ti a ɛyɛ hare, na ebia wo ho bɛtɔ wo esiane mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ wo mu nti. Nneɛma afoforo nso wɔ hɔ a enti ebia wo hematocrit no sua:

• Mogya a ɛtɔ: Ebetumi afi kuru, yafunu mu akisikuru, anaa brayɛ a emu yɛ duru wɔ mmea mu.
• Hyponatremia: Eyi kyerɛ sɛ nkyene a ɛwɔ mogya no mu no so tew.
• Kokoram a ɛba mogya mu, te sɛ mogya mu kokoram.
• Asaabo mu yare: Sɛ asaabo no yɛ hormone bi a ɛboa ma mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ yɛ a, ɛnsɛe.
• Thyroid yare: Titiriw bere a thyroid hormone sua no.

Ebia hematocrit bo nso so bɛtew kakra wɔ nyinsɛn mu. Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ ɛna no nipadua mu nsu (plasma) kɔ soro wɔ saa bere yi mu, na ɛma plasma dodow a ɛwɔ mogya no mu no kɔ soro bere a wɔde toto mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ dodow ho no. Eyi yɛ ade a ɛfata.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wo ne oduruyɛfo no kasa?

Sɛ wonte nea ɛwɔ w’amanneɛbɔ no mu ase, anaasɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa anaa nsɛm bi a ɛhaw wo wɔ wo hematocrit ho a, hwɛ hu sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa . Mma w’ani nnwu anaa nnsuro. Kae sɛ ɛnyɛ bere nyinaa na hematocrit a ɛboro nea ɛfata so kakra no kyerɛ biribi a anibere wom. Wo duruyɛfo bɛhwɛ wo hematocrit, wo nhwehwɛmu afoforo a efii mu bae, wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow, ne w’ayaresa ho abakɔsɛm de ahu sɛ ebia mfomso bi wɔ hɔ anaa. Ɔbɛkyerɛkyerɛ nea saa gyinapɛn ahorow no kyerɛ ma w’akwahosan, nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ akyi sɛ wo hematocrit no sua anaasɛ ɛdɔɔso, ne sɛ ebia ayaresa biara ho hia.

Ebia wo duruyɛfo ahyɛ sɛ ɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi efisɛ wowɔ tebea bi a ɛka wo hematocrit dodow ho sɛnkyerɛnne (e.g., ɔbrɛ, wo ho ayɛ fitaa). Sɛ saa a, ɛho hia sɛ woka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo sɛ wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no reyɛ kɛse a.

Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛda Hematocrit ne Hemoglobin ntam?

Eyi nso yɛ asɛmmisa a nnipa pii bisa, na ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔn adwene tu fra. Ɛwom sɛ abien no nyinaa ne mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ wɔ abusuabɔ de, nanso ɛsono nneɛma abien.

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a:

• Hematocrit nhwehwɛmu no susuw wo mogya dodow nyinaa mu ɔha biara mu nkyem ahe na mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ na ɛyɛ (ɛte sɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no ‘density’).
• Hemoglobin nhwehwɛmu no susuw protein bi a wɔfrɛ no hemoglobin dodow (a mpɛn pii no ɛyɛ gram) wɔ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no mu.

Saa hemoglobin yi ho hia paa. Efisɛ, nea ɛboa mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ ma wɔde mframa pa kɔ nipadua no mu nyinaa, ne nea ɛkyere mframa pa ne protein a wɔfrɛ no hemoglobin yi. Enti eyinom abien nyinaa ka yɛn akwahosan ho nsɛm a ɛho hia kyerɛ yɛn.

Na sɛ hematocrit ne hemoglobin nyinaa sua nso ɛ?

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wo mogya mu nhwehwɛmu betumi akyerɛ sɛ hematocrit sua na hemoglobin sua. Nneɛma atitiriw abiɛsa nti na ɛte saa:

• Woretu mogya : Eyi betumi afi opira anaa aduruyɛ tebea bi a ɛwɔ wo mu (e.g. yafunu mu akuru, dwensɔtwaa mu mogya).
• Wo nnompe mu ntini no nnyɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛdɔɔso : Nnompe mu ntini yɛ yɛn mogya mu nkwammoaa adwumayɛbea. Sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ ho a, mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a wɔyɛ no betumi atew.
• Wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no rewuwu (resɛe) ntɛm sen sɛnea ɛte daa : Mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no nkwa nna a ɛfata. Sɛ wɔsɛe wɔn ansa na ɛno aba a, ɛno nso betumi ama saa gyinapɛn ahorow yi akɔ fam.

Sɛ wowɔ tebea a ɛte sɛɛ, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wo hematocrit `(Hct)` ne hemoglobin `(Hb)` nyinaa sua a, wo duruyɛfo no bɛkyerɛ nea ɛde ba pɔtee na wasi ayaresa a wuhia ho gyinae.

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae!

Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte nka sɛ wohaw anaasɛ wo ho yeraw wo kakra sɛ wo hematocrit `(Hct)` bo a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu nhwehwɛmu amanneɛbɔ so no dɔɔso anaasɛ ɛba fam sen sɛnea ɛte daa a. Nanso, ɛho hia sɛ yɛte ase sɛ nneɛma pii nti na eyi betumi asi . Ɛtɔ da bi a, nsakrae yi betumi ayɛ yare a emu yɛ den ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Nanso mpɛn pii no, ebetumi afi tebea horow a emu nyɛ den pii, anaasɛ nsakrae a ɛba yɛn aduan ne yɛn asetra kwan mu mpo. Mmere foforo nso, nea efi mu ba yi betumi ayɛ bere tiaa mu de. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ nsu nni nipadua no mu a, ebia hematocrit no bɛda adi kɛse kakra.

Enti, nsusuw sɛ nea enye koraa no ntɛm ara bere a wuhu amanneɛbɔ no. Mma wo ho nnyɛ wo hu. Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa na woate nea saa gyinapɛn ahorow yi kyerɛ ma w'akwahosan ase ankasa . Afei wubenya ntease a emu da hɔ, na sɛ biribi wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ a, wubehu nea ɛyɛ. Sɔhwɛ ahorow te sɛ eyinom boa yɛn kɛse ma yɛkɔ so nya apɔwmuden!

` Hematocrit, Hct, mogya mu nhwehwɛmu, mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ, mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu, CBC, mogya dodow