W’ahurututu reyɛ adwuma yiye dɛn? Momma yensua Pulmonary Function Tests ho ade.

So ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛhome, wo koko mu yɛ den, anaasɛ wofefe bere nyinaa? Anaasɛ oduruyɛfo bi aka akyerɛ wo sɛ ma wɔnyɛ ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu kakra? Ɛno ne bere a saa ahurututu mu dwumadi sɔhwɛ ahorow yi , anaasɛ ``PFTs'' tiawa no, ba mfaso. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, wɔsusuw sɛnea w’ahurututu tumi home na efi mu, ne sɛnea etumi sesa mframa yiye. Wɔma yehu w’ahurututu akwahosan ho mfonini pa ankasa.

Ahurututu mu dwumadi ho nhwehwɛmu (PFT) ahorow bɛn na ɛwɔ hɔ?

Okay, afei momma yɛnhwɛ, saa `(PFTs)` yi ahodoɔ wɔ hɔ. Sɔhwɛ biara hwɛ ahurututu no afã horow. Ahorow atitiriw no bi ni:

• Spirometry: Eyi ne sɔhwɛ a ɛho hia sen biara na wɔtaa yɛ a wɔtaa yɛ. Ɛkyerɛ sɛnea wubetumi ahome ntɛmntɛm ne mframa dodow a wubetumi ahome na woafi mu. Ɛma wunya mframa dodow a wotaa nya wɔ w’ahurututu mu nso ho adwene.
• Ahurututu mu dodow anaa nipadua mu plethysmography: Eyi kyerɛ mframa dodow a aka wɔ w’ahurututu mu wɔ mmere ahorow mu, te sɛ bere a woahome denneennen ne bere a woahome koraa akyi, ne sɛnea w’ahurututu mu tumi nyinaa te.
• Gas diffusion nhwehwɛmu: Eyi yɛ sɔhwɛ titiriw bi. Ɛkyerɛ sɛnea w’ahurututu retwe mframa te sɛ oxygen akɔ wo mogya mu yiye. Ɛne sɛ, ɛkyerɛ sɛnea mframa a ɛsesa fi w’ahurututu mu kɔ wo mogya mu no yɛ adwuma yiye.
• Koma ne ahurututu mu apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ sɔhwɛ (CPET): Saa sɔhwɛ yi kyerɛ sɛnea wo koma, w’ahurututu, ne wo ntini ahorow bom yɛ adwuma wɔ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ bere tiaa bi mu. Eyi betumi aboa ma woahu sɛ ebia w’ahurututu, wo koma, anaa ade foforo na ɛde ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa ba.

Eyinom mu no, spirometry ne nea wɔtaa yɛ na wɔte kɛse wɔ ahurututu mu dwumadi ho nhwehwɛmu ho.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ saa ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu (PFT) yi?

Nneɛma pii nti na ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ PFT. Ɛsɛ sɛ wususuw eyi ho titiriw sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi bi a:

• Sɛ wote nka sɛ wo moma so ayɛ wo den, ɛyɛ wo yaw, anaasɛ wo ho ayɛ wo den a.
• Ɔfe, titiriw sɛ ɛkɔ so na ɛde nsu a ɛyɛ fĩ ba a.
• Sɛ wote nka sɛ wo home yɛ wo yaw, anaasɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛhome denneennen a.
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den, tebea a nnuruyɛfo frɛ no ``Dyspnea''.
• Sɛ wote "whistling" nnyigyei bi fi wo moma so bere a worehome a.

Kae sɛ ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebia worennya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara koraa. Nanso ebia oduruyɛfo bɛkamfo PFT akyerɛ sɛ wobɛyɛ wo afe afe nhwehwɛmu no fã, anaasɛ sɛ woyɛ obi a ɔnom sigaret a, de ahwɛ sɛ nsakrae biara aba w’ahurututu mu anaa.

Wɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi akyi no, nnuruyɛfo betumi asua pii afi PFT ahorow mu:

• Hwɛ sɛ ebia mframa kwan (mframa kwan) a ɛwɔ w’ahurututu mu no asiw anaasɛ ɛyɛ teateaa anaa.
• Hwehwɛ ntɛm sɛ nsakrae bi aba sɛnea ahurututu no tumi twe mframa pa kɔ mogya no mu no mu anaa.
• Susuw sɛnea ahurututu mu nyarewa a enni sabea (ahurututu mu nyarewa a enni sabea) aka wɔn a wɔkɔ so nom sigaret no.
• Hwɛ sɛ nnuru a wɔde rema wo no boa ma wo home mu haw no so tew anaa.
• Te ase sɛ ebia nneɛma bi a ɛwɔ w’adwuma anaa baabi a wote mu no ka w’ahurututu.
• Ansa na wobɛyɛ oprehyɛn anaa aduruyɛ foforo biara no, si gyinae sɛ ebia w’ahurututu betumi adi ho dwuma anaa.

Nyarewa bɛn na saa PFT ahorow yi boa ma wohu?

PFT ahorow nyɛ sɔhwɛ a wɔyɛ no daa ara kwa. Wɔtaa boa ma wohu, si so dua, anaa wɔhwɛ sɛnea tebea horow te sɛ:

• Asthma: Tebea a ɛma ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛhome a abu so wɔ nnipa pii mu.
• Ahurututu mu Yare a Enni sabea (COPD): Eyi abu so titiriw wɔ wɔn a wɔnom sigaret no mu.
• Pulmonary fibrosis: Eyi yɛ tebea a ɛma ahurututu mu ntini no yɛ den, na ɛma ɛyɛ den sɛ ɔbɛhome.
• Ntini a ɛboa ma ɔhome no mmerɛwyɛ.
• Trachea no a ɛyɛ teateaa.

Henanom na wɔyɛ ahurututu mu dwumadi ho nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi?

Saa ``(PFTs)'' yi, ɔhome ho ɔyaresafoɔ a wanya nteteeɛ soronko ama saa atirimpɔw yi taa yɛ. Ɔbɛkyerɛkyerɛ sɔhwɛ no mu akyerɛ wo na waboa wo ma woayɛ no yiye.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔyɛ ahurututu mu dwumadi ho sɔhwɛ yi?

Nokwarem no, eyi nyɛ den sɛnea ebia wubesusuw no.

Nnwinnadeɛ ahodoɔ bi wɔ hɔ a wɔtaa de di dwuma berɛ a wɔreyɛ `PFT`. Eyinom bi ne, wɔ sɔhwɛ ahorow bi mu no, adaka a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a mframa ntumi nkɔ mu (ɛsɛ sɛ wotra mu), ade ketewaa bi a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a wode bɛhyɛ wo hwene mu (eyi boa wo ma wohome fa w’ano nkutoo mu sen sɛ wobɛfa wo hwene mu), ano aduru a wode bɛhyɛ w’anom, ne ɛlɛtrɔnik afiri ketewaa bi a ɛkyerɛ sɛnea wohome ntɛmntɛm ne dodow a wohome. Wɔfrɛ eyi `Spirometer` .

Ɔkwan bɛn so na ɛsɛ sɛ misiesie me ho ansa na sɔhwɛ yi aba?

Ansa na wobɛyɛ wo PFT no, wo duruyɛfo anaa beae a wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu no betumi de afotu bi ama wo, te sɛ:

• Ebia wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ gyae nnuru biara (te sɛ nea wɔde home) a wode di dwuma ma ahome a ɛyɛ den no nom bere tiaa bi.Wɔyɛ eyi na ama wɔanya sɔhwɛ mu aba a edi mu. Enti yɛ sɛnea oduruyɛfo no ka kyerɛ wo no pɛpɛɛpɛ.
• Hyɛ ntade a ɛnyɛ den na ɛyɛ fɛ. Kwati ntade a ɛyɛ den, titiriw wɔ wo koko ho.
• Kwati sɛ wobɛteɛteɛ w’apɔw mu dodo da a edi sɔhwɛ no anim anaa anɔpa a wobɛyɛ sɔhwɛ no.
• Sɛ wode tawa mu nneɛma (te sɛ sigaret) di dwuma a, anyɛ yiye koraa no kwati nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi ansa na woayɛ nhwehwɛmu.

Sɛ wudi saa nneɛma yi akyi yiye nkutoo na wubetumi anya nea eye sen biara .

So metumi adi ansa na wɔayɛ sɔhwɛ no?

Ɛnyɛ adwene pa sɛ wubedi aduan kɛse ansa na woayɛ sɔhwɛ. Ɛyɛ papa nso sɛ wubegyae anonne a caffeine wom (te sɛ kɔfe ne tii) nom bere tiaa bi ansa na woayɛ sɔhwɛ no, efisɛ eyinom betumi anya wo home so nkɛntɛnso ketewaa bi.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ kwan da a wɔbɛyɛ sɔhwɛ no?

Ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ ``PFT'' wɔ ahurututu mu dwumadi nhwehwɛmu dan titiriw bi mu, a mpɛn pii no ɛwɔ ayaresabea anaa ayaresabea a wɔhwɛ ayarefo a wɔda abɔnten.

Ansa na wobefi sɔhwɛ no ase no, ɔhome ho ɔyaresafo no begye wo ho nsɛm bi afi wo hɔ, te sɛ:

• Tenten
• Muduro
• Mfeɛ
• Tu mmirika
• Bɔbea

Wɔde saa nsɛm yi toto nea efi mu ba no ho ne gyinapɛn ahorow a ɛfata a ɛfa wo mfe, wo tenten, ne wo bɔbeasu ho.

Dɛn na ɛba bere a wɔreyɛ sɔhwɛ no?

Sɛ wofa wo nsɛm wie a, ɔhome ho ɔyaresafoɔ no de wo bɛkɔ dan bi a ``PFT'' mfiri wom mu na wama wo akwankyerɛ a egyina sɔhwɛ ko a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ so.

Wɔ Spirometry mu no:

Nea edi kan no, wɔde ade ketewaa bi a ɛyɛ mmerɛw gu wo hwene so. Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ, ɛsɛ sɛ wofa w’ano nkutoo so home, na ɛnyɛ wo hwene mu. Afei wɔma wo ano aduru. Ɛsɛ sɛ wokura mu denneennen wɔ w’anofafa ho. Wɔde saa ano aduru yi bata spirometer no ho. Afei ɔyaresafo no ka sɛnea wobɛhome na woafi mu kyerɛ wo.

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ home denneennen na yi mframa brɛoo . Mmere foforo nso wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ home denneennen na yi mframa ntɛmntɛm na ahoɔden sɛnea wubetumi biara . Ɛte sɛ nea worebɔ kyɛnere a ɛwɔ awodadi keeki so no. Ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ eyi mpɛn pii.

Wɔ nipadua mu plethysmography mu no:

Wɔ eyi mu no, wɔde biribi a wɔde kyekyere wo hwene nso gu wo hwene so. Afei wɔma wotra adaka a ɛyɛ ahinanan a ɛte sɛ ahwehwɛ mu. Oduruyɛfo no to ɔpon no mu. Ɛsɛ sɛ wotra mu bɛyɛ simma anum. Mma ɛnhaw wo, ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome wɔ wo mu.

Sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛtra mmeae a wɔatoto mu (i.e., sɛ woyɛ ``Claustrophobic'' a), di kan ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo. Ɔbɛboa wo ma wo ho atɔ wo.

Bere a worehome na worefi adi a wode ano aduru no ahyɛ w’anom no, spirometer no susuw nsakrae a ɛba mframa nhyɛso ne ne kɛse mu wɔ adaka no mu, na ebu w’ahurututu mu dodow ho akontaa.

Wɔ mframa a ɛtrɛw ho nhwehwɛmu bi mu no:

Ɛha nso, wɔde clip no si wo hwene so. Sɛ wode ano aduru no hyɛ w’anom a, ɔyaresafo no ka kyerɛ wo sɛ home mframa a carbon monoxide kakraa bi pɛ a ahobammɔ wom wom mu (eyi rempira wo), kura wo home mu kakra, na afei home.

Sɛ worehome a, spirometer susuw carbon monoxide dodow a worefi mu. Eyi na ɛkyerɛ mframa dodow a efi w’ahurututu mu kɔ wo mogya mu.

Wɔ koma ne ahurututu mu apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ sɔhwɛ (CPET) mu no:

Wɔ eyi mu no, ɔyaresafo no de wo bata nnwinnade a ɛkyerɛ wo koma bɔ, wo mogya mmoroso, ne mogya mu mframa pa dodow ho. Afei, wɔka kyerɛ wo sɛ nantew wɔ afiri a wɔde tu mmirika so anaasɛ fa sakre a egyina hɔ.

Bere a woreteɛteɛ w’apɔw mu no, saa mfiri no kyerɛw nsɛm ahorow a ɛfa sɛnea wo koma, w’ahurututu, ne wo ntini ahorow yɛ adwuma ho.

Bere tenten ahe na saa ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu yi gye?

Mpɛn pii no, PFT betumi agye simma 15 kosi 45 ansa na wɔawie, a egyina sɔhwɛ dodow a woayɛ ne wo mmoa so.

Sɛ wote nka sɛ woabrɛ anaasɛ wo ho ayɛ wo yaw bere a woreyɛ sɔhwɛ no a, nsuro sɛ wobɛka akyerɛ ɔyaresafo no. Afei wubetumi agye w’ahome na woafi ase bio.

So sɔhwɛ yi yɛ yaw?

Dabi, ahurututu mu dwumadi ho nhwehwɛmu nyɛ yaw. Nanso, ebia nnipa binom bɛte nka sɛ wɔn adwene mu yɛ wɔn naa kakra, wɔn ti ho yɛ hare, anaasɛ wɔbrɛ kakra bere a wɔrehome denneennen anaa wɔretwe wɔn ahome ntɛmntɛm no. Ebia wobɛfefe kakra bere a worebɔ wo ano aduru no. Nanso, saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi befi hɔ bere tiaa bi akyi wɔ sɔhwɛ no akyi.

Dɛn na ɛba wɔ sɔhwɛ no akyi?

Sɛ wowie sɔhwɛ no a, wubetumi afi ase anom nnuru biara a wo duruyɛfo ka kyerɛɛ wo sɛ gyae, sɛ ebi wɔ hɔ a, na wubetumi asan afi wo dwumadi ahorow a wotaa yɛ no ase na woateɛteɛ w’apɔw mu.

Sɛ wote nka sɛ wo ho ayɛ wo hyew bere a woreyɛ nhwehwɛmu no a, ɔyaresafo no bɛhwɛ wo kosi sɛ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no befi hɔ na woatumi akɔ fie.

Wɔbɛsan nso akyerɛ wo bere a wo nsa bɛka wo sɔhwɛ no mu aba.

So asiane ahorow bi wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu?

Ahurututu mu dwumadi ho nhwehwɛmu yɛ nea asiane biara nni ho koraa . Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, asiane kɛse biara nni hɔ, gye sɛ obi adwene tu fra kakra ne ɔbrɛ a ɛba esiane sɛ ɔhome denneennen nti. Saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi nso fi hɔ bere tiaa bi akyi.

Nanso, ɛntaa mma koraa , nnipa binom betumi anya tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no pneumothorax (ahurututu a abubu). Afei nso, wo koma bɔ betumi akɔ soro kakra bere a woreyɛ PFT no. Enti, sɛ woanya komayare nnansa yi anaasɛ wowɔ komayare foforo biara a, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wudi kan ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo anaa ɔyaresafo.

Dɛn ne nea efi mu ba a minya? Dɛn na wɔka kyerɛ me?

Ɔhome ho ɔyaresafo no de wo sɔhwɛ mu nkontaahyɛde toto sɛnea wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, wo mfe, wo tenten, wo bɔbeasu, ne abusuakuw ho gyinapɛn ahorow ho. "Normal range" bi wɔ hɔ a wɔhwɛ kwan ma obiara.

Sɛ "midi nkogu" wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu a, dɛn na ɛba?

Adeɛ no nie, nokwarem no, biribiara nni hɔ a wɔfrɛ no "failed" PFT. Sɛ nea efi mu ba no boro nea ɛfata so, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ "ɛnyɛ nea ɛfata" a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ ebia ɔhaw bi wɔ w’ahurututu mu. Sɛ saa a, wo duruyɛfo no ne wo bɛkasa afa ho na wasi gyinae sɛ ebia nhwehwɛmu foforo biara ho hia na ama wɔahu yare no pɛpɛɛpɛ anaasɛ ayaresa nhyehyɛe ko a ɛsɛ sɛ wofi ase. Enti nsuro nea ebefi mu aba no.

Bere bɛn na mehu me sɔhwɛ mu aba?

Mpɛn pii no ɛsɛ sɛ wunya wo PFT aba no wɔ nna kakraa bi mu . Wo duruyɛfo bɛma woahu. Sɛ woante asɛm biara amfi wo duruyɛfo anaa ayaresabea hɔ wɔ nna kakraa bi mu a, wubetumi abisa wo duruyɛfo anaa ayaresabea no ho asɛm.

Sɛ wohu sɛ wowɔ ahurututu mu yare bi a, ebia ebehia sɛ wotoa nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi so daakye de hwɛ sɛnea wo tebea no rekɔ so.

Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie

Okay, enti yɛaka ahurututu mu dwumadi ho nhwehwɛmu ho asɛm pii, ɛnte saa?

Nea ɛwom ara ne sɛ PFT yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛnyɛ yaw na ahobammɔ wom a wɔde hwɛ w’ahurututu akwahosan. Wobetumi ahu nsakrae biara a ɛba wo home nhyehyɛe ne w’ahurututu mu dwumadi mu.

• Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ ɔfe a ɛkɔ so daa, ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa, anaa wo koko a ɛyɛ den a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Ɔbɛtumi ahunu sɛ wo hia ``(PFT)`` anaa.
• Di akwankyerɛ a wɔde ama ansa na woayɛ sɔhwɛ no akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ.
• Sɛ wote nka sɛ wo ho nyɛ wo dɛ wɔ sɔhwɛ no mu a, ka kyerɛ ɔyaresafo no.
• Nsuro nea ebefi mu aba no. Sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ hɔ mpo a, wubetumi anya ayaresa a ɛho hia.

Ɛho hia yiye sɛ wobɛhwɛ w’ahurututu akwahosan so, efisɛ ahurututu a ɛwɔ apɔwmuden ho hia ma asetra a ahoɔden wom!

` Ahurututu mu nhwehwɛmu, PFT, spirometry, ahome a ɛyɛ den, ayamtu, COPD, ahurututu mu nyarewa