W’asaabo te dɛn? Momma yɛmfa renal scan nhu.

So woate asaabo mu nhwehwɛmu, aka adwene mu nhwehwɛmu ho asɛm pɛn? Ebia oduruyɛfo bi aka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ eyi. Anaasɛ ebia w’ani gye ho sɛ wubehu ho asɛm. Dɛn ne adwene mu nhwehwɛmu? Dɛn nti na wɔyɛ? So ɛyɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ yesuro? Yɛbɛka eyinom nyinaa ho asɛm nnɛ, te sɛ nea wo ne w’adamfo bi rekasa kɛkɛ.

Dɛn ankasa ne adwene mu nhwehwɛmu?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, adwene mu nhwehwɛmu yɛ nhwehwɛmu titiriw bi a ɛkyerɛ sɛnea w’asaabo reyɛ adwuma yiye. Ɛyɛ mfoninitwa sɔhwɛ a ɛyɛ nuklea nnuruyɛ adwuma no dea. Fa no sɛ ɛte sɛ nea woretwa w’asaabo mfonini, nanso ɛnyɛ sɛ ebetumi ahu w’asaabo no nsusuwii nko, na mmom sɛnea ɛreyɛ adwuma nso.

Nea ɛba ni: Akwahosan ho ɔyaresafo, oduruyɛfo anaa mfiridwuma ho nimdefo a wɔatete no, de ade ketewaa bi a ɛyɛ radioactive (a wɔsan frɛ no `radioisotope` anaa `radiotracer`) gu ntini bi a ɛwɔ wo nsa anaa wo nsa mu mu. Eyi yɛ ade ketewaa bi a ɛnyɛ asiane mma nipadua no. Ade no fa wo mogya mu kɔ w’asaabo mu. Afei wɔde wo kɔ scanner titiriw bi mu. Afiri no de ade a ɛma mframa bɔ kɛse no hwehwɛ baabi a asaabo no wɔ na ɛde nsɛm a ɛte sɛ mfonini no kɔ kɔmputa so.

Saa adwene mu nhwehwɛmu yi boa ma wohu asaabo mu nyarewa ne ɔhaw ahorow ntɛm . Wɔde di dwuma nso de hwɛ sɛnea wɔde asaabo foforo ama obi yiye.

Wɔfrɛ eyi biribi foforo, ebia woate ho asɛm:

• Adwene mu scintigraphy
• Nuklea aduruyɛ renal scan
• Nuklea aduruyɛ asaabo mu nhwehwɛmu
• Renogram a wɔde yɛ adwuma

Dɛn ankasa na wobetumi de adwene mu nhwehwɛmu ahwɛ?

Saa scan yi hwɛ sɛnea w’asaabo reyɛ adwuma titiriw. Nea ɛka ho no, w’asaabo:

• Bɔbea
• Kɛseɛ
• Beae a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu

Wubetumi nso anya nneɛma a ɛtete saa ho mfonini a emu da hɔ.

Dɛn nti na wɔde wo rekɔ akɔyɛ w’adwene mu nhwehwɛmu?

Sɛ oduruyɛfo bi susuw sɛ w’asaabo ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye a, ɔbɛkra sɛ wɔnyɛ w’adwene mu nhwehwɛmu yi. Wobetumi nso ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ sɔhwɛ afoforo, sɛ nhwɛso no:

• Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu
• Nsu mu nhwehwɛmu
• X-ray ahorow a wɔde yɛ

Ebia eyinom yɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ asaabo no ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye.

Afei nso, nneɛma afoforo pii wɔ hɔ a enti oduruyɛfo betumi akra sɛ wɔnyɛ saa mfonini yi:

• Sɛ wo ho nyɛ wo hyew wɔ nnuru a wɔde yɛ X-ray ho a, ɛnde adwene mu nhwehwɛmu yɛ ɔkwan a ahobammɔ wom.
• Sɛ woyɛ obi a wɔde asaabo foforo ma wo a.
• Wo de ma woSɛ wowɔ mogya mmoroso (hypertension).
• Sɛ ɛyɛ den anaasɛ ɛrentumi nyɛ yiye sɛ wobɛtow nsu esiane asaabo a asiw nti a .

Ayaresa mu tebea horow bɛn na wobetumi de adwene mu nhwehwɛmu ahu?

Saa scan yi betumi aboa ma wɔahu aduruyɛ mu tebea horow pii. Nhwɛso kakraa bi ni:

• Mogya mmoroso a ɛwɔ ntini atitiriw a ɛde mogya kɔ w’asaabo mu (a wɔfrɛ no `Renal Hypertension`).
• Asaabo a ɛho ahonhon (Hydronephrosis) esiane sɛ asiw bi nti.
• Asaabo mu akisikuru, asaabo mu akisikuru, anaa akisikuru.
• Ntini a ɛde mogya kɔ asaabo mu no a ɛyɛ teateaa anaasɛ esiw (`Renal artery stenosis`).
• Asaabo dwumadi a ɛso tew wɔ oprehyɛn anaa asaabo foforo akyi.
• Nsu san fi akisikuru no mu kɔ asaabo no mu (Vesicoureteral reflux).

Ɔkwan bɛn so na adwene mu nhwehwɛmu yɛ adwuma ankasa?

Bere a wɔreyɛ adwene mu nhwehwɛmu no, nuklea nnuruyɛ ho mfiridwumayɛfo bi (oduruyɛfo a wɔatete no titiriw sɛ ɔmfa nnuru a ɛma hann ne mfiri a wɔde twa mfonini nni dwuma) twa w’asaabo mfonini. Mfonini ahorow yi kyerɛ sɛnea mogya sen kɔ w’asaabo mu na efi mu ba. Wɔsan nso kyerɛ akwaa afoforo a ɛwɔ wo nsu mu, a nea ɛka ho ne:

• Asaabo a ɛma obi nya asaabo
• Nsu a wɔde hyɛ nsu mu
• Akisikuru

Ɛsan nso kyerɛ sɛnea nsu tu kɔ eyinom ntam.

Nea ebefi nuklea nhwehwɛmu yi mu aba no betumi aboa wo duruyɛfo ma wahu sɛ ebia w’asaabo ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye anaasɛ biribi asiw wo ho.

Adwene mu nhwehwɛmu ahorow bɛn na ɛwɔ hɔ?

Nuklea nnuruyɛ ho mfiridwumayɛfo de adwene mu nhwehwɛmu ahorow anan di dwuma titiriw:

1. ACE inhibitor renal scintigraphy: Saa sɔhwɛ yi hwehwɛ sɛ mogya ntini a ɛde mogya kɔ asaabo mu no mu teateaa, na ɛno na ɛde mogya mmoroso reba. Wɔtwe w’asaabo mfonini ansa na wɔama wo mogya mmoroso aduru (aduru a esiw ACE ano) ne bere a wɔawie no.

2. Diuretic renal scintigraphy: Saa scan yi hwehwɛ sɛ asaabo no asiw anaasɛ ɔhaw ahorow wɔ nsu a ɛsen ho. Wɔtwa mfonini ansa na wɔama wo nsuo aduru (a wɔfrɛ no diuretic) ne akyi de hwɛ sɛnea nsuo fa asaabo no mu.

3. Renal cortical scintigraphy: Eyi sɔ sɛnea ntini a ɛwɔ asaabo no akyi (renal cortical tissue) no reyɛ adwuma yiye no hwɛ. Wɔnam IV so ma wo ade bi a ɛma anyinam ahoɔden na afei mfoninitwa afiri twa nneɛma no mfonini bɛyɛ nnɔnhwerew abien akyi.

4. Renal perfusion: Saa nuklea aduruyɛ ho sɔhwɛ yi hwɛ mogya dodow a ɛkɔ w’asaabo mu. Saa scan yi susuw w’adwene ntini no trɛw ne sɛnea w’asaabo reyɛ adwuma yiye no. Mfoninitwa afiri twa mfonini bere nyinaa simma 20 kosi 30.

Mɛyɛ dɛn asiesie me ho ama adwene mu nhwehwɛmu?

Ansa na wobɛyɛ w’adwene mu nhwehwɛmu no, ɛsɛ sɛ wokyerɛw nnuru a worenom nyinaa din nyinaa. Ɛsɛ sɛ vitamin ne nhabannuru a wɔde ma ka eyi ho. Ebia ɛho behia sɛ wogyae nnuru bi nna kakraa bi ansa na wɔayɛ scan. Sɛ nhwɛso no, nnuru a ɛnyɛ steroid a ɛko tia ɔyare mmoawa (NSAIDs), te sɛ ibuprofen (e.g., Advil®, Motrin®) ne aspirin (e.g., Bayer®, St Joseph®) , betumi aka nea efi w’adwene mu nhwehwɛmu mu ba no.

Ɛho hia paa nso sɛ wobɛka saa nneɛma yi ho asɛm kyerɛ w’akwahosan ho adwumayɛfo:

• So wowɔ allergy bi (te sɛ nnuru bi, latex).
• So wowɔ claustrophobia? Efisɛ ebia mfoninitwa afiri no bɛn wo nipadua bere a wɔreyɛ scan no.
• So wosuro nnade (`trypanophobia`)? Sɛ saa a, wɔbɛkyerɛ wo akwan a wobɛfa so adi ho dwuma.
• So worema nufu mprempren? Efisɛ radioactive nneɛma no betumi akɔ wo nufusu mu.
• Sɛ woanyinsɛn anaasɛ wususuw sɛ ebia woanyinsɛn , efisɛ scan no betumi apira akokoaa no.

Ebia nnuruyɛfo bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ nom nsu pii ansa na wɔayɛ scan. Ebia ɛho behia nso sɛ woyi wo akisikuru mu (i.e. wototo wo ho ) ansa na wɔafi ase ayɛ scan no.

Ade foforo nso, paw ntade a ɛyɛ fɛ sɛ wobɛhyɛ . Ɛyɛ adwene pa sɛ wubegyaw dade nneɛma te sɛ ahwehwɛ ne agude wɔ fie. Wobetumi asiw scan no kwan.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhwɛ kwan bere a wɔreyɛ scan no?

Mpɛn pii no, eyi ne nea ɛba bere a wɔyɛ asaabo mu nhwehwɛmu no:

• Nuklea aduruyɛ ho ɔbenfo de IV nhama bɛhyɛ ntini bi mu wɔ wo nsa anaa wo nsa mu. Afei, wɔde ade bi a wɔfrɛ no radioisotope anaa radiotracer bɛfa mu.
• Wɔbɛma woada nhwehwɛmu pon so anaasɛ wɔde intubation bɛhyɛ wo mu. Nneɛma a ɛma radioactive no bɛma ahoɔden (a wɔfrɛ no gamma rays) aba. Gamma mfoninitwa afiri bɛkyere saa mframa yi na ayɛ w’asaabo ho mfonini. Mfiridwumayɛfo no bɛhwɛ mfonini ahorow yi wɔ kɔmputa so.
• Wobetumi agyina nea enti a wɔreyɛ w’asaabo mu nhwehwɛmu no so no, wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ tra hɔ dinn anaasɛ kɔ mmeae ahorow .

Bere tenten ahe na egye adwene mu nhwehwɛmu?

Bere a egye ma eyi no gu ahorow a egyina adwene mu nhwehwɛmu ko a wɔyɛ so. Mpɛn pii no ebetumi agye simma 30 kosi nnɔnhwerew abien . W’akwahosan ho ɔyaresafo no bedi kan ama woahu eyi.

Dɛn na ɛba bere a wɔayɛ scan no akyi?

Sɛ nuklea aduruyɛ ho ɔbenfo no yi wo IV nhama no fi hɔ wie a, wubetumi akɔ fie na woasan afi wo dwumadi ahorow a woyɛ daa no ase a ɔhaw biara nni ho.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na saa radioactive ade no fi nipadua no mu?

Adeɛ a wɔfrɛ no ``radiotracer`` anaa ``radioisotope`` no firi wo nipadua mu berɛ a woreto nsuo. Worente ɔhaw anaa ɛyaw biara nka mfi mu.

Asiane bɛn na ɛwɔ adwene mu nhwehwɛmu mu?

Nokwarem no, asiane a ɛwɔ asaabo mu nhwehwɛmu mu no sua koraa. Ɛde mframa a ano yɛ den kakraa bi na edi dwuma sen X-ray.

Nanso, nneɛma kakraa bi wɔ hɔ a ɛntaa nsi koraa:

• Allergic reactions (eyi ntaa nsi koraa).
• Kɔla a ɛsakra (kɔkɔɔ, kɔkɔɔ, bruu, anaa tuntum), ɛho ahonhon, anaa ɛyaw wɔ baabi a wɔde IV no kɔ no. Sɛ saa ɔhaw yi ankɔ nna kakraa bi mu a, ka kyerɛ oduruyɛfo.

Ade foforo nso ne sɛ, eye sɛ wobɛkwati sɛ wo ne mmofra nkumaa ne mmea a wɔyem bedi nkitaho kɛse nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi wɔ scan no akyi.

Bere bɛn na menya scan no aba?

Nuklea aduruyɛ ho ɔbenfo anaa radiologist bɛhwɛ nea ebefi wo renal scan mu aba no mu. Afei wɔde amanneɛbɔ bɛmena wo duruyɛfo. Wo duruyɛfo bɛfrɛ wo abɛka nea ebefi mu aba ne nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ akyi ho nkɔmmɔ.

Sɛ nea efi mu ba no nyɛ nea ɛfata a, dɛn na woyɛ akyi?

Kae sɛ ɛtɔ mmere bi a nea efi mu ba no mfi adi sɛnea wɔhwɛ kwan no. Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo wɔ ho.

Sɛ nea efi mu ba no nyɛ nea ɛfata a, wo duruyɛfo betumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo na ama aban ahu sɛ wowɔ yare no. Ebia sɔhwɛ ahorow yi bi ne:

• Mfoninitwa nhwehwɛmu afoforo te sɛ ultrasound, MRI, ne/anaasɛ CT scan .
• Asaabo dwumadi ho nhwehwɛmu afoforo.
• Asaabo mu nhwehwɛmu (a nea ɛka ho ne sɛ woyi ntini ketewaa bi fi asaabo no mu na wɔhwehwɛ mu).

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mefrɛ oduruyɛfo no?

Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa bi fa wo renal scan ho a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Nneɛma te sɛ sɛnea wubesiesie wo ho ama scan no ne sɛnea wobɛma sɔhwɛ no ayɛ mmerɛw ama wo .
• Bere bɛn na wubetumi ahwɛ nea ebefi mu aba no kwan ?
• Nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ sɛ nea efi mu ba no nyɛ nea ɛfata a .
• Dɛn ne wo anammɔn a edi hɔ ?

Afei nso, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛka akyerɛ oduruyɛfo sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi bi a:

• Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi anya ɔyare no, te sɛ atiridiinini, kɔla a ɛsakra wɔ baabi a wɔde IV no kɔ, ɔfe, anaa tiyɛ.
• Sɛ wote nka sɛ wo ho ayɛ wo hyew a.

Nea etwa to no, kae eyi.

Akwahosan ho adwumayɛfo de adwene mu nhwehwɛmu di dwuma de hu asaabo mu tebea pɔtee bi. Mpɛn pii no, asiane biara nni ho kɛse, na asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ ebenya nsɛnnennen no sua.Sɛ wowie sɔhwɛ no a, wubetumi asan akɔ wo dwumadi ahorow a woyɛ daa no so ntɛm ara.

Nanso, ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte ehu kakra nka anaasɛ wo ho yeraw wo sɛ wobɛyɛ sɔhwɛ te sɛ eyi. Nha wo ho. W’akwahosan ho adwumayɛfo atete wɔn yiye na wɔwɔ osuahu sɛ wɔbɛma sɔhwɛ yi ayɛ nea ahotɔ wom sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ yiye biara. Sɛ woda so ara wɔ nsɛmmisa anaa nsɛm bi a ɛhaw wo a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wubebisa. W’asaabo akwahosan ho hia yiye!

` Asaabo scan, renal scan, asaabo mu nhwehwɛmu, asaabo mu yare, nuklea nnuru, nneɛma a ɛma radioactive, urinary system