Momma yensua asraafo nkumaa a wowo wo nipadua mu no ho ade - granulocytes.

Yɛn nyinaa bɔ mmɔden kɛse sɛ yɛbɛtwe yɛn ho afi nyarewa ho, ɛnte saa? Ɛtɔ da a, atiridii mpo tumi ma yɛyare. Enti, yɛn nipadua mu no, ahobammɔ nhyehyɛe bi a ɛyɛ nwonwa yiye wɔ hɔ a yɛde ko tia nyarewa ne ɔyare mmoawa a ɛtete saa. Saa ahobammɔ nhyehyɛe no fã a ɛho hia yiye ne granulocytes a yɛrebɛka ho asɛm nnɛ no. Saa nnipa yi yɛ adwuma wɔ yɛn nipadua mu te sɛ asraafo a wɔbɔ yɛn man ho ban. Okay, enti momma yɛnhwɛ onipa ko a saa granulocytes yi yɛ, nea wɔyɛ, ne nea ɛba sɛ ɛbɛyɛ kakraa bi dodo anaasɛ ɛdɔɔso dodo a. Biribiara yɛ mmerɛw.

So wunim nea granulocytes yɛ?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, granulocyte yɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa bi. Yiw, woate sɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ ne mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa wɔ mogya no mu. Wɔ saa mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa no mu no, nea abu so sen biara ne granulocyte.

Wonya wɔn din efisɛ wɔ wɔn nkwammoaa mu, wɔ cytoplasm (nsu a ɛyɛ den a ɛwɔ nkwammoaa no mu) mu no, nneɛma nketenkete a ɛte sɛ aba a wɔfrɛ no granules wɔ hɔ. Nnuru ahorow te sɛ enzymes . Eyinom te sɛ wɔn akode.

Fa no sɛ, sɛ biribi te sɛ ɔyare mmoawa anaa ɔyare mmoawa hyɛn wo nipadua mu, anaasɛ sɛ ɔfe bi ba esiane opira bi nti a, saa granulocytes yi de ahopere kɔ beae hɔ te sɛ ambulance a ɛwɔ siren. Wɔba na woyi nnuru a ɛwɔ wɔn nkwammoaa mu no fi hɔ de ko tia ɔyare mmoawa no.

Enti, ɔkwan biako pɛ a wobɛfa so ahu nea wo granulocyte dodow yɛ ankasa ne sɛ wobɛyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu. Wobetumi de CBC (Complete Blood Count) ayɛ eyi, na wɔtaa yɛ.

• Sɛ wo granulocyte dodow dɔɔso a , ebetumi akyerɛ sɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi wɔ wo nipadua mu.
• Afei nso, sɛ granulocyte dodow sua a , ebetumi ayɛ nnompe mu yare bi te sɛ mogya mu kokoram anaa aplastic anemia ho sɛnkyerɛnne . Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo, ɛnyɛ nea ɛso tew biara na asiane wom.

Wɔsan frɛ saa granulocytes yi `granular leukocytes`, `polymorphonuclear leukocytes` anaa `PMN nkwammoaa`. Nanso momma yɛmfrɛ wɔn `granulocytes` kɛkɛ.

Sɛ wowɔ granulocytes a ennyinii a, dɛn na ɛba?

Mpɛn pii no, saa granulocyte nkwammoaa yi hyɛn mogya no mu bere a wɔanyin koraa wɔ yɛn nnompe mu ntini mu, kyerɛ sɛ, bere a wɔanyinyin akyi nkutoo. Sɛnea mmofra a wɔwɔ sukuu sua ade yiye na wotwa sɔhwɛ mu no, saa ara na wopue.

Nanso, ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wohu granulocytes a ennyinii yi , kyerɛ sɛ, nkwammoaa a ennyinii koraa no wɔ mogya no mu. Nneɛma pii nti na eyi betumi aba:

• Biako ne sɛ ebia ɔhaw bi wɔ nnompe mu ntini no ho.
• Anaasɛ, ebetumi ayɛ sɛ nipadua no reyɛ n’ade wɔ ɔyare mmoawa bi ho wɔ hokwan a edi kan koraa mu, te sɛ asraafo foforo a wɔsoma wɔn ntɛmntɛm kɔ ɔko no.

Nnuruyɛfo taa haw kakra sɛ wowɔ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa dodow nyinaa mu bɛboro 2% sɛ granulocytes a ennyinii a.

Nanso kae eyi nso:

• Ebia ɛnanom a wɔyem ne nkokoaa a wɔawo wɔn foforo fi awosu mu benya granulocytes bi a ennyinii wɔ wɔn mogya mu. Eyi yɛ ade a ɛfata, na ɛkyerɛ sɛ nnompe mu ntini no reyɛ adwuma yiye. Enti biribiara nni hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ ɛhaw yɛn ho.

Dɛn ne dwumadi titiriw a granulocytes yɛ?

Granulocytes nkutoo ntumi nyɛ adwuma. Wɔbom yɛ adwuma sɛ kuw de ko tia yɛn na wɔbɔ yɛn ho ban fi nneɛma te sɛ ɔyare mmoawa, mmoawa, ne nneɛma a ɛma yɛn ho yɛ hyew a ɛkɔ yɛn nipadua mu no ho.

Granulocytes ahorow atitiriw anan na ɛwɔ hɔ. Nnuru ne enzyme ahorow a ɛsono emu biara kakra wɔ saa granules no mu, na enti ɛsono wɔn dwumadi kakra.

1. Nnuru a ɛma mogya tu

• Eyi ne granulocyte a ɛdɔɔso sen biara , te sɛ asraafo dɔm a ɛsõ sen biara.
• Wɔn tamfo titiriw ne mmoawa . Neutrophil nkwammoaa biako betumi awe mmoawa bɛyɛ 20 na asɛe wɔn wɔ ne nkwa nna mu!
• Neutrophils yɛ granulocytes a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu nyinaa mu 40% kosi 60%, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa no bɛyɛ nkyem abiɛsa mu abien.

2. Eosinophils a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu

• Eyinom nso ho hia paa. Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ wohu wɔ nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no nyinaa mu .
• Wɔn adwuma no dɔɔso titiriw wɔ nsɛm a ɛfa akisikuru ho .
• Afei nso, ɛyɛ saa eosinophils yi na wɔko tia mmoawa a wɔsɛe nnɔbae , kyerɛ sɛ, mmoawa a wɔde nyarewa te sɛ nwansena ba.

3. Basophils a wɔfrɛ wɔn basophils

• Saa nkurɔfo yi ko tia akisikuru titiriw .
• Wɔma nnuru bi a wɔfrɛ no histamine , a ɛboa ma nipadua no yi nneɛma a ɛma obi ho yɛ no yaw fi nipadua no mu (susuw ho sɛ ɛyɛ ahurututu ne hwene a ɛretu).
• Ɛsan nso ma heparin , a ɛmma mogya ntumi nkɔ mu no.

4. Nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ mast

• Mast cells nso yɛ granulocyte bi. Nanso wɔnkyinkyin mogya no mu te sɛ afoforo no. Wɔte yɛn ntini ahorow no mu.
• Te sɛ basophils no, wɔma histamine ne heparin nso fi adi.
• Basophils ne mast cells no hwɛbea yɛ pɛ. Nsonsonoe titiriw a ɛwɔ mu ne sɛ basophils nkwa nna yɛ tiaa na sɛ ɛba ara pɛ a, wɔde ahopere kɔ baabi a ɔfe no wɔ no.

Ɛhe na granulocytes wɔ?

Wɔyɛ asraafo nkumaa yi a wɔfrɛ wɔn granulocytes yi wɔ yɛnNnompe mu ntini no mu . Te sɛ boot camp. Afei, sɛ nipadua no hia wɔn som a, wɔde ka mogya no ho na wɔkɔ mmeae a ɛfata.

Ɛsɛ sɛ granulocytes dodow a ɛfata yɛ dɛn?

Mpɛn pii no, ɛsɛ sɛ obi a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden nya granulocytes 1,500 kosi 8,500 wɔ mogya microliter (mogya ketewaa bi) biara mu . Ebia wo mogya mu nhwehwɛmu amanneɛbɔ no bɛkyerɛ eyi sɛ `1.5 – 8.5 x 10^9/L`. Saa gyinapɛn ahorow yi betumi ayɛ soronko kakra wɔ lab biara mu.

Sɛ yɛfa granulocyte ahorow ahorow a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no sɛ ɔha biara mu nkyem a, eyi ne nea ɛsɛ sɛ ɛyɛ mpɛn pii:

• Neutrophils: Mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa nyinaa mu 50% kosi 70%.
• Eosinophils: Ɛwɔ 1% kosi 3% ntam.
• Basophils: Ɛwɔ 0.4% ne 1% ntam.

Dɛn ne nyarewa a ɛtaa ka granulocytes?

Aduruyɛ mu tebea horow betumi aba esiane granulocytes dodow a ɛkɔ soro anaasɛ ɛso tew nti. Momma yɛnhwɛ emu kakraa bi:

• Basophilia: Eyi yɛ basophils dodow a ɛkɔ soro. Eyi betumi ayɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi ho sɛnkyerɛnne, yare a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa (yare a nipadua no ankasa nkwammoaa tow hyɛ ne ho so), anaa tebea bi te sɛ mogya mu kokoram.
• Cyclic neutropenia: Eyi ne bere a neutrophils dodow so tew na afei ɛsan kɔ sɛnea na ɛte kan no. Eyi si wɔ kyinhyia bi mu. Saa tebea yi ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya nyarewa no yɛ kɛse.
• Eosinophilia: Eosinophils dodow a ɛkɔ soro. Wɔtaa hu eyi wɔ tebea horow te sɛ ayamtu ne mmere mu akisikuru mu . Ebetumi nso ayɛ ɔyare mmoawa anaa nyarewa a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa te sɛ sarcoidosis ne dwensɔtwaa mu yare a ɛma obi ho hyehye no ho sɛnkyerɛnne .
• Granulocytosis: Eyi yɛ granulocytes dodow a ɛkɔ soro. Eyi betumi de nneɛma pii aba. Nyarewa, mogya mu kokoram, nyarewa bi a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa, ne nnompe mu nyarewa ne nea ɛho hia titiriw.
• Neutropenia (a wɔsan frɛ no granulocytopenia): Eyi yɛ granulocytes dodow a ɛso tew, titiriw neutrophils. Mpɛn pii no, eyi fi mogya anaa nnompe mu yare bi te sɛ aplastic anemia anaa leukemia . Agranulocytosis ne neutropenia a emu yɛ den sen biara.

Dɛn ne nyarewa a efi granulocyte mu ho sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba?

Saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi betumi ayɛ soronko a egyina wo tebea pɔtee no so. Nanso, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛtaa ba no bi ne:

• Ɔbrɛ a wɔte nka bere nyinaa (Ɔbrɛ) .
• Huraeɛ
• Nyarewa a ɛtaa ba (e.g. atiridiinini, menewa mu yare, nsu mu yare) .
• Anom yare
• Nkwaa mu yaw
• Ano mu akuru
• Akisikuru ne ɔfe
• Honam ani akisikuru, te sɛ akisikuru
• Menemkuro
• Ntini a ɛho ahonhon (wɔ mmeae te sɛ kɔn ne abasa) .

Sɛ wokɔ so nya saa sɛnkyerɛnne yi biako anaa nea ɛboro saa a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn akɔhwehwɛ afotu.

Nhwehwɛmu bɛn na wɔyɛ de hwɛ sɛnea granulocyte dodow te?

Wo duruyɛfo betumi ahwɛ wo granulocyte dodow denam mogya dodow a edi mũ (CBC) a ɔbɛyɛ so . Eyi yɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛnyɛ den koraa a wɔtaa yɛ.

Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wuhu granulocyte dodow wɔ wo CBC amanneɛbɔ no so a, hwehwɛ nsɛmfua yi:

• Neutrophil anaa “neut.”
• Eosinophil anaa “eosin.”
• Basophil anaa “baso.”

Mpɛn pii no, wɔde asɛmfua “abs” di nsɛm yi akyi. Eyi gyina hɔ ma “nea edi mũ.” Ɛkyerɛ nkwammoaa ahorow biara dodow a edi mũ (dodow pɔtee a ɛwɔ mogya dodow bi mu).

Dɛn ne nnuru a wɔde sa nyarewa a efi granulocyte mu?

Ayaresa a wobɛpaw no bɛyɛ soronko a egyina wo tebea no so, nanso ayaresa ahorow bi a wɔtaa yɛ no bi ne:

• Nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa: Sɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi wɔ hɔ a.
• Nnompe mu ntini a wɔde si ananmu: Wɔ tebea horow bi a emu yɛ den mu.
• Corticosteroids: Ɛtew ɔfe so.
• G-CSF (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) a wɔde twitwiw nipadua no mu: Ɛma granulocyte a wɔyɛ no yɛ kɛse.
• Nnuru a ɛma nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa: Wɔ nyarewa a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa mu.

Sɛ kokoram no ka granulocytes a, ayaresa a wobetumi apaw bi ne:

• Nnuru a wɔde sa yare
• Nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa
• Mframa a wɔde sa yare
• Ayaresa a wɔde wɔn ani asi so
• Sɛɛgyiri

Ayaresa a wɔde sa granulocytes a ennyinii

Sɛ wo mogya mu nhwehwɛmu kyerɛ sɛ wowɔ granulocytes a ennyinii a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo de ahu nea ɛde ba.

• Sɛ nea ɛde ba no yɛ ɔyare mmoawa a, wɔbɛkyerɛw nnuru a ɛfata ama obi.
• Sɛ nea ɛde ba no yɛ biribi te sɛ kokoram a, wɔne wo bɛkasa afa ayaresa ahorow te sɛ oprehyɛn, nnuru a wɔde sa yare, anaa mframa a wɔde sa yare ho.

Mɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ me ho? Na sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ medwen me granulocyte dodow ho nso ɛ?

Sɛ wowɔ tebea bi a ɛka wo granulocyte dodow a, ɛho hia sɛ wobɔ wo ho ban fi nyarewa ho. Nneɛma bi a wubetumi ayɛ ni:

• Kwati sɛ wode wo nsa bɛka w’ani, wo hwene, anaa w’anim a worenhohoro wo nsa. Mmoawa dodow ahe na aniwa nhu na ɛwɔ yɛn nsa so?
• Nya vaccinations a wɔkamfo kyerɛ wɔ bere ano. Eyinom tumi bɔ obi ho ban fi nyarewa pii ho.
• Kɔ wo sẽ ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn daa, na ma w’ano tew yiye wɔ fie. Brush na fa floss wo sẽ yiye.
• Hohoro wo nsa mpɛn pii na hohoro wo ho yiye, titiriw ansa na woadi, bere a wode aguaree adi dwuma awie, ne bere a woafi adi awie no.
• Kwati mmeae a nnipa ahyɛ hɔ ma ne mmeae a ayarefo wɔ sɛnea wubetumi biara.
• Di aduan a ɛkari pɛ. Di nnuaba ne nhabannuru pii. Eyinom hyɛ wo nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no mu den.
• Da sɛnea ɛsɛ.
• Kwati sigaretnom.

Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne bi a ɛyɛ soronko a, a wummu w’ani ngu so.

Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛda Granulocytes ne Agranulocytes ntam?

Eyinom abien nyinaa yɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa ahorow. Nanso, agranulocytes nni granules a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no wɔ wɔn cytoplasm mu. Nkyerɛwde "A" taa kyerɛ "dabi." Enti "agranulocyte" kyerɛ biribi te sɛ "nkwaboaa a enni granules."

Monocytes ne lymphocytes yɛ saa agranulocytes yi ho nhwɛso abien. Wɔsan nso di dwuma titiriw wɔ nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no mu.

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae

Granulocytes yɛ yɛn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no asraafo a wɔyɛ komm a wɔko tia nyarewa, nneɛma a ɛma yɛn ho yɛ hyew, ne nneɛma afoforo a ɛhyɛ abufuw a ɛkɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Sɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa yi reyɛ adwuma yiye a, yɛn nipadua betumi abɔ ne ho ban yiye.

Nanso, sɛ wo nipadua no ntumi nyɛ granulocytes a ɛdɔɔso, anaasɛ granulocytes dodow no sua dodo anaasɛ ɛdɔɔso dodo a, ebetumi akyerɛ sɛ tebea bi a emu yɛ den bi wɔ ase.

Sɛ wotaa yare, wotaa nya ɔyare mmoawa, anaasɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a yɛaka ho asɛm wɔ atifi hɔ no bi a, yɛsrɛ wo kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Wobetumi ayɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛho hia, ahu nea ɛde ba, na wɔayɛ ayaresa a eye sen biara ama wo ho nhyehyɛe. W’akwahosan a wobɛhwɛ so yiye ne ade a ɛho hia sen biara!

` Granulocytes, mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa, nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa, ɔyare mmoawa, mogya mu nhwehwɛmu, sɛnkyerɛnne, akwahosan ho afotu, CBC, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils