So wunim akofo a wɔwɔ wo nipadua mu no ho asɛm? Eyinom yɛ monocytes!

So woasusuw pɛn sɛ akofo nketewa bi wɔ yɛn nipadua mu, na wɔreko ɔko kɛse bi de agye yɛn afi nyarewa mu? Wɔfrɛ nkwammoaa kuw titiriw a ɛte saa no biako monocytes . Ɛnnɛ, momma yɛnka nea saa monocytes yi yɛ ne sɛnea ɛho hia ma yɛn nipadua no ho asɛm.

Dɛn ne saa monocytes yi?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, monocytes yɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa (leukocyte) bi a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu. Wunim, mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa te sɛ asraafo a wɔwɔ yɛn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no mu. Enti saa akofo a wɔfrɛ wɔn monocytes yi na wɔhwehwɛ mmoawa a wɔhyɛn yɛn nipadua mu, te sɛ mmoawa, mmoawa, fungi, ne protozoa na wɔsɛe wɔn. Ɛnyɛ ɛno nko, na mmom woyi nkwammoaa a wɔanya ɔyare no nso fi hɔ. Ɛte sɛ nea polisifo rekyere akorɔmfo. Monocytes nso ne mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa afoforo kasa na wɔka sɛ, "Ɔhaw bi wɔ ha, bra bɛboa!" Wɔboa ma akuru sa na wɔasiw nyarewa ano.

Dɛn na ɛto monocytes?

Fa wo nipadua no sɛ odumgyafo kuw ketewaa bi. Saa na saa monocytes yi yɛ adwuma. Wɔn asetra fi ase wɔ wo nnompe mu. Nnompe mu ntini yɛ ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw na ɛte sɛ sponge wɔ yɛn nnompe mu. Ɛhɔ na wɔwo saa monocytes yi, enyin, na wɔtete wɔn ho de bɔ wo nipadua ho ban. Sɛ wɔtete saa monocytes yi yiye wie a, ɛka wo mogya ne ntini afoforo ho, na wɔasiesie wɔn ho sɛ wɔbɛbɔ wo nipadua ho ban afi atamfo te sɛ mmoawa ho.

Sɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi hyɛn wo nipadua mu a, ɛte sɛ ogya. Monocytes te saa "ogya alarm" yi. Wɔhuruw ntɛmntɛm kɔ adeyɛ mu na wɔkɔdum "ogya" no. Nea ɛbɛyɛ na aboa wɔ ɔko yi mu no, wo monocytes no mu kyekyɛ yɛ nkwammoaa ahorow atitiriw abien:

• Dendritic cells: Eyinom ne wɔn a wɔka kyerɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa afoforo sɛ "bra bɛboa!"
• Macrophages: Eyinom ne wɔn a wɔkɔ anim na wɔko tia mmoawa.

Dɛn ne dendritic nkwammoaa? Dɛn na wɔyɛ?

Dendritic nkwammoaa te sɛ wo odumgyafo adwumayɛbea no nsɛm ho amanneɛbɔbea. Wɔn adwuma titiriw ne sɛ wɔbɛka akyerɛ nkwammoaa afoforo a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu sɛ, "Ɔhaw bi wɔ ha, kɔka ɔko no ho." Saa dendritic nkwammoaa yi dodow no ara wɔ yɛn honam ani, wɔ ntini ahorow a ɛkata yɛn hwene, ahurututu, yafunu, ne dwensɔtwaa so no mu.

Sɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi hyɛn nipadua no ntini mu a, dendritic nkwammoaa boaboa ɔyare mmoawa a wɔtow hyɛ so no antigen ano. Antigen yɛ "recognition mark" a ɛwɔ ɔyare mmoawa no so ara kwa. Sɛ yɛn nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no hu saa agyiraehyɛde yi a, ɛka sɛ, "Oh, eyi nyɛ yɛn mu biako, ɛyɛ obi foforo." Afei nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ nnuru a ɛko tia no.Wofi ase si dan. Afei, dendritic nkwammoaa no ma protein titiriw bi a wɔfrɛ no cytokines . Saa cytokines yi de nkra kɔma mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa afoforo, na wɔka sɛ, "Mommra ha na monsɛe saa ntuafo yi."

Dɛn na ɛto macrophages?

Macrophages yɛ nkwammoaa a wɔko tia mmoawa te sɛ mmoawa, mmoawa, fungi, ne protozoa a wɔhyɛn yɛn nipadua mu no tẽẽ. Saa macrophages yi twa mmoawa a wɔba no ho hyia, kata no, na wɔde wɔn enzymes a awuduru wom no sɛe no. Ɛnyɛ ɛno nko, na mmom saa macrophages yi boa nso yi nkwammoaa a awuwu fi yɛn ntini ne yɛn mogya mu. Te sɛ wɔn a wɔboaboa nwura ano.

Saa monocytes yi te dɛn?

Monocytes ne mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa a ɛso sen biara wɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Sɛ yɛbɛka no pɛpɛɛpɛ a, wɔn kɛse bɛyɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ mmɔho abien! Sɛ wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwɛ a, ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobehu saa monocytes yi esiane sɛ ɛsõ nti. Monocyte nkwammoaa bi wɔ nucleus a ɛwɔ biobed. Saa nuklea yi sensɛn nsu fã bi a wɔfrɛ no cytoplasm mu .

Bere a monocyte no di akɔneaba wɔ nipadua no mu no, sɛnea nuklea yi te nso sesa. Ebetumi anya nsusuwii ahorow te sɛ eyinom:

• Wɔayɛ no te sɛ atoko a ɛwɔ akuturuku
• Ɛyɛ nea ɛte sɛ pɔnkɔ nan
• Wɔ kurukuruwa a wɔadan akɔ ɔfã biako nsusuwii mu
• Wɔ sɛnea ɛte sɛ kurukuruwa a akɔ fam akɔ mu

Ɛhe na monocytes wɔ?

Monocytes na ɛba wɔ nnompe mu ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛwɔ wo nnompe mu no mu. Sɛ saa nkwammoaa yi nyin wie a, etu kwan kɔ wo ntini ahorow mu. Ɛhɔ no, wɔne nkwammoaa afoforo a ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no mu bom bɔ wo ho ban fi ɔyare mmoawa ho.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wo monocyte dodow yɛ sɛnea ɛte biara?

Monocyte dodow a ɛfata ma ɔpanyin a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden no yɛ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa dodow nyinaa mu 2% kosi 8%. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ monocytes bɛyɛ 200 kosi 800 wɔ mogya microliter biara mu. Nanso, saa gyinapɛn ahorow yi betumi ayɛ soronko kakra a egyina aduruyɛdan a ɛsɔ wo mogya hwɛ no so. Sɛ́ ebia wo monocyte dodow dɔɔso anaasɛ ɛba fam no, wo duruyɛfo betumi aboa wo ma woahu nea ɛde ba.

Dɛn ne tebea horow a ɛtaa ka monocytes?

Saa tebea horow yi gu ahorow gyina monocytes dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu so. Ɛtɔ da bi a, sɛ wo nipadua no reko atia ɔyare mmoawa anaa yare bi a, saa monocytes yi betumi akɔ soro anaasɛ ɛso atew. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, monocyte dodow a ɛnteɛ betumi ayɛ nnuru bi ho nsunsuanso bɔne.

Monocytosis - a ɛkɔ soro wɔ monocytes mu

Monocytes a ɛkɔ soro kyerɛ sɛMonocytosis betumi ayɛ aduruyɛ mu tebea horow pii ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Ɛtaa de bata nyarewa a wɔde yare mmoawa ba te sɛ mononucleosis anaa nyarewa a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa te sɛ lupus ho . Nneɛma a ebetumi ama monocytes akɔ soro no bi ne:

• Nyarewa a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa
• Mogya mu haw ahorow
• Kokoram
• Koma ne ntini mu yare
• Adwennwen a enni sabea
• Nyarewa (bere tiaa ne bere tenten) .
• Ɔyare a ɛma obi ho hyehye no
• Nyinsɛn a wɔde di dwuma

Monocytopenia - a ɛso tew wɔ monocytes mu

Monocytopenia yɛ bere a wo monocyte dodow sua. Biribiara a ɛbɛtew wo mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa dodow nyinaa so no betumi ama monocytes no so atew. Nneɛma a ebetumi ama monocytes so atew no bi ne:

• Aplastic anemia (nkwaboaa a nnompe mu ntini no yɛ a ɛso tew) .
• Mogya mu ɔyare mmoawa
• Ɔhyew a wɔapirapira
• HIV a ɛma obi nya ɔyare mmoawa
• Nnuru a wɔde sa yare

Nhwehwɛmu bɛn na wɔyɛ de hwɛ sɛnea wo monocytes no akwahosan te?

Wɔde mogya mu nhwehwɛmu hwɛ wo monocytes no akwahosan. Nhwehwɛmu abien wɔ hɔ a ebetumi ahu monocyte nkwammoaa dodow pɔtee a wowɔ wɔ wo nipadua mu:

• Mogya dodow a edi mũ (CBC) ne dodow a ɛsono emu biara: Eyi kan mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa ahorow anum a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no nyinaa na ɛkyerɛ sɛ ebia wo nkwammoaa dodow no te sɛ nea ɛfata, ɛkɔ soro, anaasɛ ɛba fam.
• Monocyte dodow a edi mũ: Eyi bu monocyte dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu nhwɛsode bi mu pɛpɛɛpɛ.

Dɛn ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛtaa ba wɔ tebea horow a ɛfa monocyte ho ho?

Sɛ́ ebia wo monocyte dodow sua anaasɛ ɛkɔ soro no, ebia worenhu sɛnkyerɛnne pɔtee biara esiane wo monocyte dodow nti. Mmom no, sɛnkyerɛnne biara a wubehu no taa yɛ aduruyɛ tebea a ɛda adi a ɛmaa wo monocyte dodow no yɛɛ nea ɛnteɛ no mu nsunsuanso.

Ɛho hia yiye sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn akɔhwehwɛ afotu sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne bi a ɛyɛ soronko a.

Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa tebea horow a ɛfa monocyte ho?

Ayaresa no gyina sɛnea wɔahu wo yare no ne sɛnea wo tebea no mu yɛ den no so. Ebia ɛbɛyɛ mmerɛw te sɛ nea wobɛsakra nea wudi anaa wonom, anaasɛ ebetumi afa nnuru a wɔde sa yare a wɔde sa tebea a ɛde ba no ho.Ebetumi ayɛ aniberesɛm te sɛ nea wobɛsa. Wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so ama wo monocyte dodow akɔ soro anaasɛ ɛbɛtew so, a egyina sɛnea wɔahu sɛ wowɔ yare no so.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔbɛtew monocytes a ɛkɔ soro no so?

Nneɛma a ɛboa ma monocyte dodow so tew ne:

• Nnuan a ɛma ɔfe ne abufuw ba a wobɛkwati.
• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wɔyɛ daa .
• Nsã a wɔnom ano hye.
• Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobedi aduruyɛ mu tebea bi a ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw so anaasɛ wɔbɛsa.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi ama monocyte dodow a ɛba fam no akɔ soro?

Nneɛma a ɛboa ma monocyte dodow kɔ soro ne:

• Nnuru dodow ne bere a wɔde bɛsesa sɛnea ɛfata (sɛnea oduruyɛfo kyerɛ no).
• Ayaresa tebea horow a ɛhyɛ ase a wobedi so.
• Nyarewa a ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw a wɔbɛsa.
• Sɛ wowɔ vitamin a enni wo mu a, fa vitamin (e.g. vitamin B12, C, D ) na ama wo nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no ayɛ den.

Mɛyɛ dɛn ama me monocytes no anya apɔwmuden?

Nneɛma bi a wubetumi ayɛ na ama wo monocyte nkwammoaa no anya apɔwmuden ni:

• Bɔ wo ho ban fi opira ne nyarewa ho.
• Di aduan a ɛkari pɛ na teɛteɛ w’apɔw mu sɛnea ɛsɛ.
• Di ahotew ho nhyehyɛe pa te sɛ nsa a wobɛhohoro daa akyi .
• Mma nnom sigaret.
• Tew adwennwen so.
• Da sɛnea ɛsɛ.

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Seesei wote sɛnea monocytes ho hia na ama yɛn nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no akɔ so ayɛ yiye no ase. Wɔte sɛ odumgyafo a wɔwɔ yɛn nipadua mu no! Wɔn na wogyae "ogya" (ɔyare mmoawa) a efi mmoawa mu kɔ yɛn ntini ne yɛn mogya mu no trɛw. Enti, wubetumi ama wo monocytes no anya apɔwmuden denam nneɛma a wobɛyɛ a ɛhyɛ wo nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no mu den, te sɛ nna a wobɛda sɛnea ɛsɛ, aduan a ɛkari pɛ a wubedi, ahotew ho su pa a wubedi akyi, ne ɔyare mmoawa a wobɛkwati so. Kae bere nyinaa sɛ, sɛ wote yare anaa nsakrae bi nka a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu.

` Monocytes, Mogya Nkwammoaa Fitaa, Nkwammoaa a ɛko tia nyarewa, Mogya mu Nhwehwɛmu, Nyarewa, Akwahosan, Monocytes