Momma yensua enzyme markers a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu ho ade.

Sɛ oduruyɛfo ka kyerɛ wo sɛ hwɛ wo "Enzyme Markers" a, ebia na nsɛmmisa kakraa bi wɔ w'adwenem, ɛnte saa? "Dɛn ne saa enzymes yi?", "Dɛn nti na wɔrehwɛ mu?" Nsɛmmisa a ɛte saa. Mma ɛnhaw wo, ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye. Momma yensua eyi ho ade pii nnɛ, te sɛ nea yɛne yɛn adamfo bi rekasa no.

Enti dɛn ne enzyme agyiraehyɛde ahorow yi?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, Enzyme Markers yɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛkyerɛ sɛnea enzyme ahorow bi wɔ wo mogya mu. Mpɛn pii no, saa enzymes yi wɔ yɛn nipadua mu nkwammoaa mu. Nanso, sɛ yɛn nipadua mu akwaa bi te sɛ mmerɛbo, koma, anaa ntini no sɛe, ɛyare, anaa epira a, saa enzymes yi bi fi saa nkwammoaa a asɛe no mu kɔ mogya no mu. Ɛte sɛ nsu a ɛretu fi toa a abubu mu.

Afei, ɛdenam mogya mu nhwehwɛmu yi so no, oduruyɛfo no betumi ahu sɛ ebia saa enzyme yi dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no dɔɔso anaasɛ ɛba fam sen sɛnea ɛte daa. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a nnuruyɛfo frɛ eyinom "biomarkers." Ɛne sɛ, abɔde mu sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ yare pɔtee bi. Eyi betumi ama oduruyɛfo no ahu sɛ ebia biribi asɛe wɔ wo nipadua mu anaa.

Okay, enti dɛn ne saa "enzymes" yi?

Yɛkaa "enzyme markers" ho asɛm kɛkɛ. Enti dɛn ne saa "enzymes" yi? Fa no sɛ enzymes yɛ protein a ɛte sɛ adwumayɛfo nketewa wɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Wɔboa wɔ nnuru afoforo a ɛkɔ yɛn nipadua mu no mu, na ɛma yɛn nipadua no yɛ adwuma ntɛmntɛm. Ɛte sɛ obi a ɔboa yɛn ma yɛyam aduan ntɛmntɛm.

Enzyme ahorow mpempem pii wɔ yɛn nipadua mu, na emu biara yɛ adwuma pɔtee bi. Nhwɛso kakraa bi ni:

• Wɔ mogya a ɛkɔ nipadua no mu no mu: Ɛboa ma mogya tu.
• Digestive system: Ɛboa ma yɛyam aduan a yedi no.
• Ntini ne nnompe nhyehyɛe: Ntini boa ma ɛyɛ adwuma na ɛkeka ne ho.
• Ntini: Ɛboa ma amemene, akyi berɛmo, ne ntini ahorow no yɛ adwuma.
• Ɔhome nhyehyɛe: Ɛboa ma wɔhome.
• Nsuo a ɛkɔ nipadua no mu: Ɛboa ma woyi nwura fi nipadua no mu.

Woahu, enzyme ahorow di dwuma titiriw saa wɔ yɛn nipadua mu!

Henanom na wohia enzyme marker nhwehwɛmu yi?

Nneɛma pii nti a oduruyɛfo betumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔbɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi. Wɔn titiriw ne:

• Nhwehwɛmu: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, sɛ wokɔ nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa a, wobetumi ayɛ nhwehwɛmu yi de ahwɛ sɛ ebia ɔhaw biara wɔ wo mu, akwaa a asɛe, anaa ntini mu ɔbrɛ biara, sɛ wunni sɛnkyerɛnne biara mpo a.
• Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobehu yare no (Diagnosis): .Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne bi a, nhwehwɛmu yi betumi aboa ma woahu sɛ ebia nea ɛde ba no yɛ yare pɔtee bi anaasɛ komayare bi.
• Hwɛ sɛnea ayaresa no di yiye: Sɛ worenom nnuru a wɔde sa yare pɔtee bi a, wɔyɛ saa enzyme nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi nso de hwɛ sɛ ebia aduru no reyɛ adwuma yiye anaasɛ ɛresɛe akwaa foforo anaa.

Enzyme marker nhwehwɛmu ahorow bɛn na ɛwɔ hɔ?

Nnuruyɛfo de enzyme marker nhwehwɛmu ahorow di dwuma de hu nyarewa ahorow ne sɛnea ɛte. Ahorow atitiriw no bi ni:

• Koma mu enzyme sɔhwɛ: Eyi hwɛ sɛ koma ntini no asɛe anaa.
• Creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) isoenzymes sɔhwɛ: Eyi sɔ enzymes te sɛ `(CK-MB)` ne `(CK-MM)` hwɛ. Eyi nso tumi hu sɛ ntini ahorow no asɛe, titiriw koma no ne ntini afoforo.
• Mmɛn mu enzyme sɔhwɛ: Saa sɔhwɛ yi susuw enzymes te sɛ `(ALT)`, `(AST)`, `(Alkaline phosphatase)`, `(GGT)`, ne `(5'-NT)` na ama wɔanya adwene wɔ mmerɛbo no tebea ho.

Afei momma yɛnhwɛ saa ahorow yi mu biara mu nkɔ akyiri kakra.

Dɛn ne Koma mu Enzyme Sɔhwɛ?

Wɔtaa yɛ eyi bere a wosusuw sɛ komayare bi, anaasɛ wɔde hwɛ sɛ komayare foforo asɛe koma ntini no anaa. Wɔyɛ nso de hwɛ sɛnea koma no reyɛ adwuma bere a wɔayɛ koma no oprehyɛn ahorow bi te sɛ coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) anaa angioplasty akyi.

Sɛ biribi sɛe wɔ koma no mu a, koma no ma protein bi a wɔfrɛ no troponin (cTn) ne enzyme bi a wɔfrɛ no creatine phosphokinase (CPK) kɔ mogya no mu. Bere bi a atwam no, na creatine phosphokinase (CPK) dodow ne sɔhwɛ titiriw a wɔde hu komayare. Nanso seesei, sɛ wususuw sɛ ebia woanya komayare a, nnuruyɛfo taa yɛ troponin nhwehwɛmu de si so dua sɛ woahu. Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ , koma no mu nkutoo na wohu troponin enzyme no. Ɛno nti na ɛyɛ pɔtee paa no.

Troponin dodow a ɛwɔ mogya no mu betumi afi ase akɔ soro wɔ nnɔnhwerew 12 akyi wɔ komayare akyi. CPK dodow a ɛkɔ soro nso betumi akyerɛ tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no ahrawa mu yare, a ɛyɛ ntini a ɛma mogya kɔ koma no mu a esiw.

Mpɛn pii no, troponin dodow a ɛwɔ mogya mu no sua koraa – bɛyɛ 0.02 nanograms wɔ mililita biara mu (0.02 ng/mL). Sɛ komayare yi dodow kɔ soro wɔ mogya no mu a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ komayare betumi aba. Dodow a ɛsom bo no, dodow no ara na asɛe koma no.

Esiane sɛ enzyme dodow sesa bere a obi anya komayare nti, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛhyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu pii mfa nhu wo CPK ne troponin dodow nnɔnhwerew kakraa biara.

Wo duruyɛfo betumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ koma mu enzyme nhwehwɛmu sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi bi a:

• Koko mu yaw
• Adwene a ɛyɛ basaa
• Abofono
• Fifiri a ɛboro so (Fifiri a ɛdɔɔso / Hyperhidrosis) .
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ tiaa / Dyspnea

Dɛn ne CPK Isoenzymes Sɔhwɛ no?

Saa sɔhwɛ yi hwehwɛ `(CPK)` dodow a ɛkorɔn. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ntini ahorow asɛe. Sɛ yɛn ntini (a koma ntini ka ho), amemene, ne ahurututu mu yare anaa opira sɛe a, saa `(CPK)` isoenzymes yi fi adi kɔ mogya no mu. Isoenzymes yɛ enzyme ahorow a ɛfa akwaa anaa ntini ahorow bi ho pɔtee.

Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Koma pɔtee `(CK)` ne `CK-MB` .
• `(CK)` pɔtee a ɛfa nnompe ntini (te sɛ abasa ntini) ne `CK-MM` .
• Sɛ yɛka sɛ `(CK)` kɛkɛ a, ɛyɛ `(CK)` dodow a efi mmeae yi nyinaa ba nyinaa.

Ɛdenam wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne, sɛnea woahu, anaa asiane ahorow so no, wo duruyɛfo betumi ahyɛ saa (CPK) isoenzyme nhwehwɛmu yi de ahwɛ tebea horow te sɛ:

• Koma mu yare
• Nnwodwoɔ
• Amemene mu akisikuru
• Muscular dystrophy (yare a ɛma ntini yɛ mmerɛw) .
• Dermatomyositis (yare a ɛba honam ani ne ntini mu) .
• Inclusion body myositis (yare a ɛma ntini mu yɛ mmerɛw) .
• Polymyositis (ntini mu yare bi) .
• Malignant hyperthermia (tebea a ɛma obi nya atiridiinini kɛse esiane aduru a wɔde kum nipadua no bere a wɔreyɛ no oprehyɛn nti) .

Dɛn ne Mmerɛbo mu Enzyme Nhwehwɛmu?

Sɛ yare anaa opira bi sɛe yɛn mmerɛbo a, mmerɛbo no yi enzyme ahorow ahorow kɔ mogya no mu. Enzyme ahorow yi mu abien a wonim no yiye ne alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ne aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Wɔyɛ enzyme ALT no titiriw wɔ mmerɛbo no mu. Wɔyɛ aspartate aminotransferase (AST) wɔ mmerɛbo, koma, asaabo, amemene, ne ntini mu.

Berɛbo mu enzyme nhwehwɛmu hwɛ sɛ saa enzymes yi dodow akɔ soro anaa. Sɛ wɔma wɔn so a, ebetumi afi tebea bi te sɛ:

• Bile duct a asiw
• Celiac yare (akisikuru a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew wɔ gluten ho) .
• Cirrhosis a ɛwɔ mmerɛbo mu
• Srade mmerɛbo mu yare anaa mmerɛbo mu yare a nsa de ba
• Hemochromatosis (dade a ɛboro so wɔ mogya mu) .
• Hepatitis A, hepatitis B ne mmerɛbo mu yare C
• mmerɛbo mu kokoram
• Mononucleosis (yare bi a ɛma ntini mu ntini ahonhon) .
• Wilson yare (kɔbere a ɛkɔ dompe no mu dodo) .

Kae sɛ enzyme dodow a ɛkɔ soro nkutoo nkyerɛ ankasa sɛ wowɔ yare bi. Wo duruyɛfo de eyinom bɛtoto wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ne nhwehwɛmu afoforo a efii mu bae ho na ama wanya asɛm bi.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na ɛsɛ sɛ misiesie me ho ma enzyme marker sɔhwɛ?

Sɛ worekɔyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a, nneɛma kakraa yi a wobɛma atra w’adwenem no betumi ama adeyɛ no ayɛ mmerɛw:

• Nom nsu pii: Nom nsu pii ansa na wode mogya ama. Eyi bɛboa ma mogya no afa ntini no mu yiye, na ama ayɛ mmerɛw sɛ wɔbɛboaboa mogya ano.
• Kwati nicotine: Sɛ wonom sigaret (a vaping ka ho) a, kwati ansa na wode mogya ama. Nicotine ma mogya ntini mu twitwiw, na ɛma ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛtwe mogya afi ntini a atwitwa mu.
• Sɛ wosuro a, ka kyerɛ yɛn: Sɛ wosuro sɛ wobɛbɔ nnade (Trypanophobia) anaasɛ wosuro sɛ wubehu mogya (Hemophobia) a, di kan ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo anaa onipa a ɔretwe wo mogya no. Wobetumi aboa wo ma ɔkwan a wɔfa so twe mogya no ayɛ nea ahotɔ wom.

So ɛsɛ sɛ midi mmuada ansa na wɔayɛ enzyme marker nhwehwɛmu?

Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛ wo sɛ ebia ɛsɛ sɛ wudi mmuada (gye nsu). Mpɛn pii no, ɛho nhia sɛ woyɛ saa. Titiriw esiane sɛ wɔyɛ koma mu enzyme nhwehwɛmu wɔ tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ mu, te sɛ komayare nti, wɔrenhwɛ kwan sɛ wubedi mmuada wɔ saa bere no mu.

Sɛ wɔyɛ enzyme marker nhwehwɛmu a, dɛn na ɛba?

Eyi yɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye ara kwa. Wobetumi agyina wo tebea so ayɛ nhwehwɛmu yi wɔ oduruyɛfo adwumayɛbea, baabi a wɔyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu, anaa ayaresabea. Phlebotomist (onipa a wɔatete no titiriw sɛ ɔntwe mogya) anaa akwahosan ho ɔbenfo foforo bɛtwe wo mogya. Saa adeyɛ yi gye simma kakraa bi pɛ.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ kwan bere a wɔayɛ enzyme marker nhwehwɛmu awie no?

Ɛyɛ papa sɛ wode plaster no bɛto baabi a wɔtwe mogya no bɛyɛ nnɔnhwerew abien kosi anan na ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya ɔyare mmoawa no so atew. Ebia baabi a wɔde ade no hyehyɛe no ho ahonhon kakra na apirapira. Eyi befi hɔ wɔ nna kakraa bi akyi.

Wubetumi atew apirakuru anaa ɔhaw a ɛyɛ wo yaw so denam saa nneɛma yi a wobɛyɛ so:

• Fa ntama kyekyere nsukyenee a wɔde ahyɛ mu na fa gu plaster no atifi.
• Fa aduru a wɔde kum ɛyaw a wɔtɔn a wɔmfa nnuru nhyɛ mu.
• Mma nneɛma a emu duru so anaasɛ nteɛteɛ w’apɔw mu denneennen nnɔnhwerew 24 bere a wode mogya ama akyi.

Asiane bɛn na ɛwɔ enzyme marker nhwehwɛmu mu?

Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu yɛ akwan a asiane nnim koraa. Ebia nnipa binom benya mogya mmoroso (hypotension) bere a wɔtwe mogya no. Eyi betumi ama wo ho ayɛ wo yaw anaasɛ wo ho ayɛ wo yaw. Sɛ wote nka sɛ wo ho nyɛ wo den anaasɛ wo totɔ piti a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo anaa onipa a ɔrenom mogya no ntɛm ara. Wobetumi aboa wo denam ma a wɔbɛma woada anaa wɔbɛyɛ nneɛma foforo so.

Bere bɛn na menya sɔhwɛ no mu aba?

Sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔ tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ mu, sɛ wosusuw sɛ obi anya komayare a, nea efi mu ba no ba ntɛm ara. Sɛ ɛnte saa a, ebia ebegye nna pii ansa na oduruyɛfo no anya nea efi mu ba no afi aduruyɛdan mu.

Wo duruyɛfo ne wo bɛbɔ nea ebefi mu aba no ho nkɔmmɔ. Ebia ɛho behia sɛ woyɛ nhwehwɛmu pii na ama woahu ɔhaw pɔtee bi anaasɛ woahwɛ ahu sɛ ɔhaw biara nni hɔ. Ɛdenam ɔhaw no su so no, ebia wobɛyɛ enzyme marker nhwehwɛmu pii wɔ nnɔnhwerew anaa nna bi mu.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mibisa me duruyɛfo?

Wubetumi abisa oduruyɛfo no nsɛm te sɛ eyinom:

• Dɛn nti na ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ saa enzyme marker sɔhwɛ yi?
• So ɛsɛ sɛ midi mmuada, migyae sigaretnom, anaa migyae nnuru nom ansa na wɔayɛ nhwehwɛmu no?
• Bere bɛn na menya sɔhwɛ no mu aba?
• So ɛsɛ sɛ mehaw me ho wɔ sɔhwɛ no mu aba ho?
• So ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ sɔhwɛ pii?
• Mpɛn ahe na ebehia sɛ meyɛ saa enzyme marker nhwehwɛmu yi?

Awiei koraa no, nea ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Enzyme marker sɔhwɛ yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛma yenya nsɛm a ɛho hia a ɛfa sɛnea yɛn akwaa ahorow no yɛ adwuma, sɛnea nyarewa te, ne ayaresa ho. Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow bi a, oduruyɛfo bi betumi ahyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi de ahu yare bi anaa de akyerɛ sɛ yare a ɛte saa biara nni hɔ.

Koma mu enzyme sɔhwɛ bi hwɛ sɛnea koma no sɛe bere a komayare aba akyi no. Phosphokinase (CPK) sɔhwɛ bi hwehwɛ nyarewa a efi ntini mu ba. Berɛbo mu enzyme nhwehwɛmu hwehwɛ mmerɛbo no dwumadi mu. Bisa wo duruyɛfo nsɛm anaa nsɛm biara a ɛhaw wo wɔ sɔhwɛ yi anaa nea efi mu ba ho. Mma ɛnhaw wo, wo duruyɛfo wɔ hɔ sɛ ɔbɛboa wo.

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