So ɔhaw bi wɔ wo yafunu atifi? (Upper GI Series) Momma yensua sɔhwɛ no ho ade!

So ɛtɔ mmere bi a wo yafunu yɛ wo yaw, wo koma yɛ wo yaw, anaasɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛmene? Anaasɛ wowɔ akisikuru anaa ɔfe? Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ eyinom a, yɛn nnuruyɛfo pɛ sɛ wohu sɛ ebia ɔhaw bi wɔ wo aduan mu ntini a ɛwɔ soro no mu anaa. Sɔhwɛ titiriw a wɔkamfo kyerɛ saa bere no mu biako na wɔfrɛ no Upper GI Series . Momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm nkɔ akyiri, tiawa koraa, ɛyɛ?

Dɛn ne (Upper GI Series)? Momma yɛnte ase pɛpɛɛpɛ.

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, Upper GI Series yɛ X-ray sɔhwɛ titiriw bi a ɛhwɛ akwaa a ɛwɔ wo aduan mu nhyehyɛe no atifi. Ɛde X-ray kwan a ɛkɔ akyiri a wɔfrɛ no Fluoroscopy na edi dwuma.

Susuw ho hwɛ, `X-ray` mfonini a ɛyɛ daa no te sɛ mfonini a ɛda hɔ a wɔatwa wɔ beae biako. Nanso saa `(Fluoroscopy)` yi te sɛ video. Ɛne sɛ, oduruyɛfo no betumi ahu sɛnea akwaa a ɛwɔ wo yafunu mu no yɛ adwuma, kyerɛ sɛ, sɛnea ɛkɔ, denam `X-ray` so. Ɛno ne ade titiriw wɔ eyi ho. Afei nso, etumi hu akwaa no ani pefee sen `X-ray` a ɛyɛ daa.

Afei ebia worebisa wo ho sɛ, dɛn ne "series" yi? Ɛne sɛ, wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu no, wɔtwa `(Fluoroscopy)` `X-ray` mfonini ahorow pii nnidiso nnidiso. Ɛno nti na wɔfrɛ no "series".

Nneɛma bɛn na worehwɛ wɔ eyi (Upper GI Series) mu?

Na yɛreka "adidibea no fã a ɛwɔ soro" ho asɛm. Wɔ aduruyɛ mu no, yɛfrɛ eyi Upper Gastrointestinal Tract . Nea ɛka ho ne:

• Wo esophagus - tube a aduane si fam bere a yemene.
• Wo Yafunu - Beae a wode aduane sie na wofi ase hyehye.
• Na duodenum, wo dwensɔtwaa ketewaa no fã a edi kan no .

Saa akwaa mmiɛnsa yi ne titire a wɔhwehwɛɛ mu wɔ ``Upper GI Series'' mu. Dɛn nti na wɔbom hwehwɛ eyinom abiɛsa no nyinaa mu?

• Biako ne sɛ ɔfã yi fa kwan a ɛsen biara a aduruyɛ mfiri betumi akɔ sɛ wɔde fi soro hyɛ mu no ho.
• Ade foforo ne sɛ, sɛ wonom biribi a, ɛfa afã abiɛsa yi mu ntɛmntɛm kakra, sɛ wɔde toto dwensɔtwaa a aka a ɛware no ho a.
• Afei nso, yare a ɛka mmeae yi biako betumi aka afoforo no nso. Enti, sɛ wohu yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne wɔ beae biako pɛ mpo a, ebetumi aboa sɛ wobɛbom ahwɛ mmeae abiɛsa no nyinaa.

Fa no sɛ ɛyɛ nsu afiri a wɔde fa nsu mu. Sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ beae biako a, ebetumi aka beae a edi kan ne beae a ɛwɔ akyi no, ɛnte saa? Saa na ɛte wɔ eyi ho.

`GI X-ray` nhwehwɛmu afoforo nso wɔ hɔ. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Esophagram anaa Barium Swallow Test hwɛ esophaguus no nkutoo.
• (Small Bowel Series) anaa (Small Bowel Follow-Through) hwɛ dwensɔtwaa ketewa no nkutoo.
• (Lower Bowel Series) anaasɛBarium enema hwɛ dwensɔtwaa kɛse no ne dwensɔtwaa ketewa no fã a ɛwɔ fam no.

Enti, oduruyɛfo no gyina wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so si nea ɔbɛyɛ wɔ nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi ho.

Dɛn nti na oduruyɛfo bi bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ eyi (Upper GI Series)?

Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne bi a ɛfa wo aduan a wodi no atifi ho a, wo duruyɛfo no bɛpɛ sɛ ɔhwɛ no yiye. Upper GI Series ma wo duruyɛfo tumi hwɛ wo esophagus, yafunu, ne duodenum mu, hwɛ sɛ nsakrae biara aba wɔ ntini, nhyehyɛe, ne dwumadi mu, na mpɛn pii no ɛyɛ anammɔn a edi kan a wobɛfa so ahu nea ɛde saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi ba.

Oduruyɛfo betumi ahyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a wontumi nkyerɛkyerɛ mu te sɛ:

• Ɔhaw ahorow a ɛfa menewa ho .
• Koma a ɛyɛ yaw .
• Yafunu mu yaw .
• Akisikuru ne ɔfe .
• Nnuan a wɔmfa nni dwuma yiye .

Dɛn na wubetumi ahu wɔ (Upper GI Series) bi mu?

Sɛ nnuruyɛfo de saa ``Fluoroscopy`` mfiridwuma yi di dwuma a, wobetumi ahu nneɛma te sɛ:

Nsakrae a ɛba ntini ahorow mu:

• Akwaa ahorow a ɛyɛ hyew anaa ɔyare mmoawa , sɛ nhwɛso no , gastritis (yafunu mu yare) anaa esophagitis (ɛwo a ɛyɛ hyew).
• Sɛ́ ebia ntini a asɛe esiane acid reflux anaasɛ bile reflux nti .
• Yare a ɛwɔ yafunu mu akisikuru .
• (Barrett’s esophagus) (nsakrae a ɛba esophagus nkwammoaa mu).
• (Gastric intestinal metaplasia) (nsakrae a ɛba yafunu no mu nkwammoaa mu).

Ɔhaw ahorow a ɛwɔ akwaa ahorow mu wɔ nhyehyɛe mu:

• (Esophageal varices) (ntini a ɛwɔ aduan mu a ɛho ahonhon).
• (Esophageal a ɛyɛ den ).
• (Hiatal hernia) (yafunu no fã bi a ɛpuepue kɔ koko no mu).
• Ntini nketenkete (Polyps) .
• Akuru akɛse anaa kokoram tebea horow (Tumors) .

Ɔhaw ahorow a ɛfa akwaa dwumadi ho:

• Aduan a ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛmene (Dysphagia) .
• Ɔhaw ahorow a ɛma obi tumi keka ne ho wɔ aduan mu , sɛ nhwɛso no , gastroparesis (aduan a ɛkyɛ fi yafunu mu).
• Esophageal sphincter a ɛnyɛ adwuma yiye , sɛ nhwɛso no , Achalasia , Laryngopharyngeal reflux .
• Pyloric valve a ɛnyɛ adwuma yiye .
• Nneɛma a asiw wɔ aduan a wɔde ma no mu .

So Upper GI Series betumi ahu acid a ɛsan kɔ nipadua no mu?

Nnuruyɛfo taa gyina sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so hu GERD (Gastroesophageal reflux disease) . Nanso, Upper GI Series betumi ahwehwɛ honam fam sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛkyerɛ GERD. Sɛ nhwɛso no, ebetumi ahwehwɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛkyerɛ sɛ aduan no mu ntini asɛe kɛse, te sɛ akuru, akisikuru, anaasɛ ɛwo a ɛyɛ teateaa. Ebetumi nso ahwehwɛ ntini bi a ɛmma yafunu mu acid ntumi nsan nkɔ soro nkɔ aduan no mu ho sɛnkyerɛnne.

So eyi betumi ahu kokoram mpo?

Upper GI Series betumi ahwehwɛ akisikuru anaa nsakrae a ɛba ntini mu a ebetumi ne kokoram wɔ abusuabɔ, sɛ ɛsõ sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobetumi ahu a. Nanso, sɔhwɛ yi nkutoo ntumi nhu sɛ wɔyɛ kokoram anaasɛ ɛnte saa. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na wɔahu sɛ ebia wɔyɛ kokoram no, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔfa ntini bi na wɔsɔ hwɛ wɔ aduruyɛdan mu. Wɔfrɛ eyi biopsy . Wɔtaa yɛ bere a wɔreyɛ Upper Endoscopy no.

Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛwɔ Upper GI Series ne Upper Endoscopy ntam?

Saa sɔhwɛ abien yi nyinaa hwɛ aduan mu nneɛma a ɛwɔ soro no. Nanso, ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow yi no yɛ soronko koraa.

Upper GI Series yɛ sɔhwɛ bi a wɔfrɛ no Radiology . Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ɛde ahoɔden a ɛhyerɛn di dwuma de twa nipadua no mu mfonini. (X-ray, ultrasound, ne CT scan nso yɛ Radiology ahorow.) Esiane sɛ Radiology nhwehwɛmu nyɛ nea wɔde hyɛ nipadua no mu nti, mpɛn pii no ɛno ne nhwehwɛmu a edi kan a nnuruyɛfo de hwehwɛ nea ɛrekɔ so wɔ nipadua no mu.

Nanso, (Upper Endoscopy) (a wɔsan frɛ no (Esophagogastroduodenoscopy) ) yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛyɛ den na ɛyɛ hu. Wɔ eyi mu no, wɔde afiri ketewaa bi a mfoninitwa afiri a wɔfrɛ no (Endoscope) wom hyɛ menewa no ase de twa nipadua no mu mfonini. Eyi taa hwehwɛ sɛ wɔma ɔyarefo no aduru a ɛma obi dwensɔ (`Anesthesia`). ``Endoscopy`` betumi ama mfonini a emu da hɔ, a ɛkɔ akyiri sen ``Radiology`` sɔhwɛ. Ɛbɛtumi nso de nnwinnadeɛ a wɔde abata ``Endoscope`` ho adi dwuma de agye ntini nhwɛsoɔ (``Biopsy``) tẽẽ afiri nipadua no mu. Nanso, esiane sɛ eyi yɛ sɔhwɛ a wɔde hyɛ nipadua mu nti, wɔtaa yɛ no wɔ ``Radiology`` sɔhwɛ akyi, sɛ nsɛm pii ho hia a.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔyɛ sɔhwɛ yi? Momma yɛnhwɛ mu nkɔ akyiri kakra.

Saa nsɛm yi ho hia na ama yɛate sɛnea sɔhwɛ yi yɛ adwuma ase:

(X-ray) mfiridwuma:

X-ray afiri de mframa a ɛma ionizing bi fa wo nipadua mu. Ɛsono sɛnea wo ntini, wo nnompe, ne wo akwaa ahorow twetwe mframa yi twetwe mframa a egyina sɛnea ɛyɛ den so. Afei mframa a wo nipadua no twetwe no bɔ X-ray detector bi, na ɛma wonya mfonini. Nneɛma a ɛyɛ den te sɛ nnompe twetwe mframa pii, enti ɛda adi fitaa wɔ X-ray mfonini no mu. Nneɛma a ɛyɛ mmerɛw te sɛ ntini te sɛ nea ɛyɛ fitaa.

(Fluoroscopy) Mfiridwuma ho nimdeɛ:

Fluoroscopy nso te saa ara. Nanso, sɛ́ anka ɛde mframa a ano yɛ den biako bɛmena no, ɛde mframa a ɛkɔ so kɔ so mena wɔ sikani anaa simma kakraa bi mu, na ɛma ɛyɛ video tiawa. Eyi ma wunya mframa kakraa bi. Nanso, mpɛn pii no, wobu eyi sɛ ɛyɛ nea ahobammɔ wom. Yɛde mframa nketenkete a efi nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu ba da biara da.

(Nsonsonoe) na wɔde di dwuma:

Mpɛn pii no, wɔde ade a ɛma nsonsonoe di dwuma wɔ fluoroscopy mu na ama X-ray mfonini ahorow no mu ada hɔ sɛnea wobetumi. Sɛ wɔde gu wo nipadua mu a, ɛboa ma wo nipadua no mu da adi yiye wɔ mfonini tuntum ne fitaa mu. Ɛtɔ da bi a wɔma wo saa aduru a ɛma nneɛma bɔ abira yi sɛ nom, ɛtɔ da bi nso a wɔma wo sɛ aduru a wɔde twitwiw nneɛma mu. Wɔ Upper GI Series mu no, wɔtaa de nsu bi a wɔfrɛ no barium di dwuma sɛ ade a ɛma nsonsonoe ba.

Dɛn ne (Barium)?

Barium yɛ ade a ɛyɛ den, ɛyɛ fitaa, na ɛyɛ chalky. Sɛ wɔde gu wo aduan mu a, ɛda adi wɔ X-ray mfonini ahorow so. Ɛnyɛ wo aduan mu nneɛma a ɛtwetwe no na ɛtwam fi wo nipadua mu. Wɔ Upper GI Series mu no, wɔma wo nsu bi a wɔfrɛ no barium sɛ nom. Bere a wonom no, radiologist no betumi ahwɛ sɛnea ɛrefa wo aduan mu ntini a ɛwɔ soro no mu na wahu sɛnea w’akwaa ahorow no yɛ wɔn ade wɔ ho.

Dɛn ne (Double Contrast)?

Wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, wɔde mframa bi di dwuma sɛ ade a ɛma nsonsonoe ba de ka Upper GI Series no ho. Wɔfrɛ eyi sɛ nsonsonoe abien ho nhwehwɛmu . Wɔde mframa no ma mframa bɔ na ɛtetew wo aduan a ɛwɔ soro no afasu mu, na ɛma wuhu nea ɛwɔ mu no yiye. Esiane sɛ mframa no da adi sɛ tuntum wɔ X-ray mfonini ahorow so nti, ɛma ɛne barium fitaa no bɔ abira yiye. Sɛ wode mframa no bɛhyɛ wo aduan mu a, ebia wɔbɛma wo aduru anaa anonne a carbon wom na woamene.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wosiesie wo ho ma (Upper GI Series) no?

Ɛho hia paa sɛ wobɛhwɛ saa nneɛma yi so ansa na sɔhwɛ yi aba:

• Ansa na wobɛyɛ wo nhwehwɛmu no ho nhyehyɛe: Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa nhwehwɛmu yi ho na hwɛ hu sɛ asiane foforo biara nni hɔ a ɛbɛma woanya bi. Sɛ nnansa yi ara na woayɛ X-ray foforo anaasɛ woanya mframa a ɛdɔɔso a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo. Ebia wo duruyɛfo betumi atwe nhwehwɛmu no akɔ akyiri na ama mframa a ɛbɔ wo nyinaa so atew. Afei nso, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛka akyerɛ wo duruyɛfo sɛ woanyinsɛn a . Wobetumi akyerɛ akwan foforo a wobetumi afa so. Mframa a ɛbɔ wɔ awotwaa mu no betumi ama obi anya awo mu dɛmdi.
• Ansa na wobɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu no: Ɛho hia paa sɛ wo yafunu mu da mpan bere a wɔreyɛ nhwehwɛmu no.Wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ nnnidi anaa nnom biribiara anadwo a edi sɔhwɛ no anim ne anɔpa a wɔbɛyɛ sɔhwɛ no. Ebia wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo nso sɛ gyae nnuru bi te sɛ antacids (nnuru a wɔde sa komayare) nom bere tiaa bi.

Ɔkwan bɛn so ankasa na wɔyɛ sɔhwɛ no?

Sɛ wosesa wo ho hyɛ ayaresabea atade wie a, wɔde wo bɛkɔ baabi a wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu. X-ray pon bi wɔ hɔ a wotumi dannan no. Wubetumi agyina so anaasɛ wobɛda so. Mfiase no wubegyina hɔ, nanso akyiri yi wɔbɛhwehwɛ sɛ woda pon no so wɔ mmeae ahorow. Mfiridwuma ho nimdefo bi bɛkyekyere wo wɔ pon no so. Afei wɔbɛma wo aduru a ɛma wonom nsonsonoe – ɛda adi kɛse sɛ ɛyɛ barium, na ɛtɔ mmere bi a carbon dioxide gas.

Wɔde nsu yi yɛ dɛ na ɛyɛ dɛ. Nanso, sɛ wɔnom no nyɛ osuahu a ɛyɛ anigye kɛse. Ɛho behia sɛ wonom no nkakrankakra wɔ sɔhwɛ no nyinaa mu. Ebia wɔbɛma wo nsu ahorow, a ɛyɛ kɛse anaa kakraa bi, wɔ mmeae ahorow wɔ sɔhwɛ no mu. Sɛ wɔka ne nyinaa bom a, ebehia sɛ wonom bɛyɛ ɔuns 12.

Ɛho behia sɛ radiologist no twa mfonini fi mmeae ahorow. Wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ tu fa akwan horow so na aboa barium no ma akɔ baabi a ɛsɛ sɛ ɛkɔ. Wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ fa gyinabea ahorow pii, gyina hɔ na woda fam. Ebia wɔbɛbɔ mmɔden mpo sɛ wɔbɛhwɛ wo yafunu ne mpopaho a ɛwɔ mu no.

Bere tenten ahe na eyi (Upper GI Series) gye?

Saa sɔhwɛ yi betumi agye simma 30 kosi nnɔnhwerew abien . Wɔ nnipa binom fam no, ebia ebegye bere tenten ansa na barium no afa duodenum no mu koraa.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔbɛdan wo na wɔakanyan wo wɔ sɔhwɛ no mu?

Mpɛn pii no wubetumi adan akɔ gyinabea ahorow te sɛ eyi mu:

• Gyina hɔ wɔ digrii 45 anim.
• Fa wo ho to w’akyi wɔ digrii 45 so.
• Da hɔ tẽẽ wɔ ɔfã biako.
• Da ɔfã biako, fa wo ho to sponge bi so wɔ w’akyi, na san w’akyi kakra.

So Upper GI Series no yɛ yaw?

Sɔhwɛ no nyɛ yaw . Nanso, sɛ wopɛ a, wubetumi abisa aduru bi a ɛma wo ho dwo wo na aboa wo ma woagye w’ahome. Sɛ woyɛ sɔhwɛ no wie a, ebia wobɛte nka sɛ wo ho ayɛ wo hyew kakra anaasɛ wo yafunu bɛyɛ wo yaw kakra kosi sɛ barium no befi wo nipadua mu. Sɛ wɔama wo nsonsonoe mmɔho abien a, ebia wobɛte ɛyaw bi nka esiane mframa nti. Saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi befi hɔ wɔ bɛyɛ da koro mu.

Dɛn ne nneɛma bɔne anaa asiane ahorow a ebetumi afi sɔhwɛ yi mu aba?

Mpɛn pii no, sɔhwɛ yi yɛ nea asiane biara nni ho. Nanso, asiane nketenkete bi betumi aba:

• Akisikuru: Nea ɛtaa ba ne akisikuru, a barium a ɛka wo nipadua mu no na ɛde ba. Wɔbɛtu wo fo sɛ nom nsuo pii wɔ sɔhwɛ no akyi, na ɛbɛboa ma barium no atwam afiri wo nipadua mu. Wo nsuo bɛyɛ fitaa bɛyɛ da koro. Sɛ wuntumi nkɔ wo dwensɔtwaa mu a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo. Afei wɔbɛkyerɛw aduru bi a wɔde sa akisikuru.Ɛkyerɛ nea ɛkyerɛ.
• Asaabo mu nsɛnnennen: Nnipa a wɔwɔ asaabo mu yare a emu yɛ den betumi anya mogya a ɛbɛtɔ wɔn yafunu atifi. Afei nso, nsu a ɛne ne ho bɔ abira no betumi aka wɔn asaabo dwumadi.
• Mframa a wɔde di dwuma: Asiane a ɛwɔ mframa a wɔde ma mu no boaboa ano bere kɔ so. Gye sɛ woanyinsɛn, ɛnyɛ nea ɛda adi sɛ `(Fluoroscopy)` nhwehwɛmu biako pɛ no bɛpira wo kɛse. Wɔahu sɛ mframa a ano yɛ den a wɔde di dwuma kɛse no de kokoram ba. `(Fluoroscopy)` nhwehwɛmu biako mma kokoram mma, nanso nhwehwɛmu pii a wɔyɛ wɔ nkwa nna nyinaa mu betumi.
• Allergy: Sɛ woannyaa nneɛma a ɛwɔ nsu a ɛne ne ho bɔ abira no mu kan a, hokwan ketewaa bi wɔ hɔ sɛ ebia wo ho bɛtɔ wo wɔ ho.

Hena na ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ ɔnyɛ eyi (Upper GI Series)?

Saa sɔhwɛ yi nyɛ ɔkwan pa mma wo sɛ woyɛ:

• Sɛ woanyinsɛn a.
• Sɛ wowɔ asaabo mu yare a.
• Sɛ wowɔ akisikuru dedaw a.
• Sɛ woafa akwan foforo so anya mframa a ano yɛ den a.
• Sɛ wunim anaasɛ wususuw sɛ wowɔ tokuru bi wɔ wo menewam no atifi a.
• Sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛmene aduan a ɛkɔ ahurututu mu (aspiration).

Sɛ ɛba saa a, wo duruyɛfo no bɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo a ɛfata.

Nea afi mu aba no te dɛn? Dɛn na wɔka kyerɛ yɛn?

Wo radiologist bɛsua wo X-ray mfonini ahorow no ho ade na ɔde nea efi mu aba no akɔma wo duruyɛfo. Afei wo duruyɛfo no ne wo bɛkasa afa nea ebefi mu aba no ho. Wobetumi afi X-ray mfonini ahorow no ankasa mu ahu tebea horow bi. Ebia afoforo nso bɛhwehwɛ sɛ wɔyɛ sɔhwɛ foforo.

Upper GI Series yɛ adeyɛ a ɛyaw nnim, a ɛnyɛ nea wɔde hyɛ mu a ɛboa wo duruyɛfo ma ohu wo menewam, yafunu, ne wo dwensɔtwaa mu. Fluoroscopy ma radiologistfo tumi hu sɛnea w’akwaa no tu, sɛnea ɛreyɛ adwuma yiye, ne sɛ ebia nneɛma bi a ɛnteɛ wɔ wɔn honam ani hwɛbea mu anaa. Ebia nea ebefi nhwehwɛmu yi mu aba no bɛboa wo duruyɛfo ma wahu nea ɛde wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a wontumi nkyerɛkyerɛ mu no ba. Sɛ ɛnte saa a, ebetumi ama wɔanya akwankyerɛ pa a wɔde bɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu akɔ akyiri.

Awiei koraa no, ɛsɛ sɛ meka sɛ... (Take-Home Message)

Yɛn nyinaa suro kakra bere a yɛn yafunu yɛ yɛn yaw anaasɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ yɛbɛmene ade, ɛnte saa? Nanso, sɔhwɛ ahorow te sɛ Upper GI Series no wɔ hɔ sɛ ɛbɛboa ma woahu nea ɛrekɔ so ankasa. Eyi nyɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ wosuro dodo.

• Siesie wo ho sɛnea wo duruyɛfo ka kyerɛ wo no pɛpɛɛpɛ. Hwɛ yiye titiriw na woanwe anaa woannom biribiara ansa na woayɛ sɔhwɛ no.
• Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa bi a, nsuro sɛ wubebisa oduruyɛfo no anaa adwumayɛfo a wɔreyɛ nhwehwɛmu no. Wɔbɛkyerɛkyerɛ biribiara mu akyerɛ wo.
• Sɛ woyɛ nhwehwɛmu wie a, di oduruyɛfo no akwankyerɛ akyi. Titiriw no, mma wo werɛ mmfi sɛ wobɛnom nsu pii.

Kae sɛ w’akwahosan a wobɛhwɛ so yiye ne ade a ɛho hia sen biara. Sɛ wɔka kyerɛ wo sɛ fa sɔhwɛ a ɛte saa mu a, ɛyɛ w’ankasa wo yiyedi. Enti, nsuro, fa akokoduru gyina ano! Yɛpɛ sɛ wo ho tɔ wo ntɛm!

` atifi gi series, barium adesua, fluoroscopy, yafunu x-ray, aduannoa mu, duodenum, aduan mu nhyehyɛe