So wunim Nufu mu MRI nhwehwɛmu no? Momma yɛnka nsɛm a ɛkɔ akyiri no ho asɛm!

Ebia woate asɛmfua ‘Nufu MRI’. Anaasɛ ebia oduruyɛfo bi aka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ nhwehwɛmu yi. Dɛn ankasa ne nufu mu MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)? Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ɛyɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛtwa wo nipadua no mu mfonini. Nanso ɛmfa X-ray nni dwuma. Mmom no, ɛde magnet kɛse, radio asorɔkye, ne kɔmputa na ɛyɛ wo nufu mu ntini ho mfonini a emu da hɔ yiye na ɛkɔ akyiri. Wo duruyɛfoɔ nso bɛtumi de ‘Nufu MRI’ aka ‘Mammogram’ ho de ahwɛ sɛ nufu mu kokoram wɔ mu anaa. Anaasɛ wobetumi de ‘biopsy’ afa nufu mu ntini ketewaa bi ahwɛ sɛ kokoram wɔ hɔ anaa baabi a kokoram no atrɛw akodu.

Dɛn nti na oduruyɛfo bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ nufu mu MRI?

Nneɛma pii nti na ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ nhwehwɛmu yi. Momma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ:

• Sɛ wowɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wubenya nufu mu kokoram (i.e. sɛ obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua mu anya bi, anaasɛ wowɔ awosu mu nsakrae te sɛ BRCA1 anaa BRCA2 a), wobetumi aka akyerɛ wo sɛ fa eyi nka wo nufu mu kokoram a woyɛ daa no ho.
• Sɛ wo nufu wɔ ntini a ɛyɛ den (`dense breasts`) a, eyi betumi ayɛ nea ɛho hia sɛ sɔhwɛ foforo.
• Wɔ obi a wɔahu no foforo sɛ ɔwɔ nufu mu kokoram fam no, susuw baabi a kokoram no atrɛw akodu no ho pɛpɛɛpɛ .
• Hwehwɛ nufu mu nneɛma a ɛnteɛ a ɛyɛ den sɛ wode mammogram anaa nufu mu ultrasound hu no yiye no ho nsɛm pii.
• Hwɛ sɛ ebia nufu a wɔde ahyɛ mu (te sɛ cylinder) no apae, anaasɛ obi a wɔde ahyɛ mu no anya kokoram anaa.

So wode nsu titiriw bi (contrast dye) gu mu ma eyi?

Yiw, mpɛn pii no, wɔde aduru a ɛma nsonsonoe di dwuma ma saa `Nufu MRI` sɔhwɛ yi. Wɔfrɛ eyi `Gadolinium`. Wɔnam `IV` nhama ketewa bi a ɛwɔ ntini bi a ɛwɔ wo nsa mu so de eyi ma wo. Wei ma `Radiologist`, radiologist, hu nea ɛyɛ daa ne nea ɛnteɛ wɔ wo nufu mu pefee. Eyi yɛ soronko wɔ `contrast dye` a wɔde yɛ `CT scan` (`Computed Tomography scan`) ho, ɛnte saa?

Abusuabɔ bɛn na ɛda Nufu mu MRI ne nufu mu kokoram ntam?

Bere a wɔahu sɛ ɔwɔ nufu mu kokoram akyi no, nnuruyɛfo taa kamfo kyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ `Nufu MRI` na ama wɔasua ho ade pii. Nea ebetumi ahu bio ni:

• Kokoram no atrɛw akodu he? Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ebia atrɛw akɔ nufusu, honam ani, anaa koko mu ntini a ɛwɔ ase no mu.
• Hwehwɛ mmeae afoforo a kokoram wɔ anaa ntini a ɛnteɛ wɔ nufu no mu. Wobetumi de MRI ahu akuru nketenkete (akuru) a ebia wɔrenhu wɔ mammogram mu mpo.
• Hwɛ ntini a ɛwɔ wo nsateaa mu no sɛ atrɛw anaa. Sɛ wɔma ɛyɛ kɛse a, eyi betumi ayɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ kokoram no atrɛw (atrɛw) wɔ hɔ.
• Eyi nso boa ma wohu sɛnea nufu mu kokoram ayaresa tu mpɔn, titiriw nnuru a wɔde sa akisikuru a wɔde ma akisikuru no so ansa na wɔayɛ oprehyɛn no.

Ade foforo nso, `Nufu MRI` nso betumi aboa ma wɔahu tebea a lumpectomy mmeae no mfe pii wɔ nufu mu kokoram ayaresa akyi. Efisɛ ɛtɔ da bi a `Mammogram` ne `Ultrasound` betumi ayɛ pɛ, sɛ́ ebia akuru anaa kokoram asan aba no.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na ɛsɛ sɛ wusiesie wo ho ansa na woayɛ wo nufu MRI?

So ɛyɛ adwene pa sɛ wobɛka saa nneɛma yi akyerɛ wo Radiologist anaa Radiology Technologist ansa na woayɛ wo Nufu MRI?

• Sɛ wonyinsɛn anaasɛ worenom nufu a, ɛnyɛ hwee . Efisɛ sɛ wonyinsɛn a, wuntumi mfa aduru a ɛne ne ho bɔ abira nyɛ MRI. Nufu a wɔde ma nso betumi aka MRI mfonini ahorow no.
• Sɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛda wo yafunu so simma 30 kosi 60 a.
• Sɛ woanya akisikuru wɔ aduru a wɔde yɛ ade a ɛne ne ho bɔ abira ho pɛn a.
• Sɛ wusuro sɛ wobɛtra mmeae a wɔatoto mu (claustrophobia) a, ɛtɔ mmere bi a wobetumi ama wo aduru a ɛma wo ho dwo wo na aboa wo ma woagye w’ahome ansa na wɔayɛ sɔhwɛ no.

Afei nso, sɛ wowɔ dade nneɛma anaa nnuruyɛ mfiri bi a wɔde ahyɛ wo nipadua mu a, ɛsɛ sɛ woka ho asɛm kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo ne MRI Mfiridwuma ho nimdefo. Hwɛ sɛ nea edidi so yi:

• Sɛnea ɛte biara no, afiri a ɛma koma no bɔ anaasɛ defibrillator.
• Ɛlektrɔnik/ahyɛnsodeɛ a ɛkanyan anaa mfiri, sɛ nhwɛsoɔ no, vagus ntini a ɛkanyan.
• Aso a wɔde hyɛ nipadua mu anaa nneɛma afoforo a wɔde hyɛ aso mu.
• Aneurysm clips ne coils a wɔde hyɛ nipadua no mu.
• Stents a ɛnyɛ koma no mu.
• Nneɛma a wɔde yiyi mu, sɛ nhwɛso no, nea wɔde yi mogya a ɛtɔ gu mu.
• Dade asinasin a ɛwɔ nipadua anaa aniwa mu (e.g. atuo, dade asinasin, dade powder).

Wɔrentumi mfa saa mfiri yi nni dwuma bere koro mu ne MRI:

• Afiri a ɛkɔ so susuw asikre dodow a ɛwɔ mogya mu (`Continuous glucose monitor (CGM)`).
• `Insulin pɔmpɛ` no.
• Nnuru a wɔde hyɛ nipadua mu (e.g. awo ano aduru, nicotine aduru).

Sɛ wode saa mfiri yi redi dwuma a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa afa ho na woabisa nea wɔyɛ ma MRI no.

Dɛn na ɛba bere a wɔreyɛ nufu mu MRI no?

Nneɛma bi a ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ kwan bere a woreyɛ nufu MRI no ni:

• Ɛho behia sɛ wohyɛ ayaresabea atade.
• Sɛ woreyɛ MRI, na ɛnyɛ sɛ wɔbɛhwɛ sɛ wɔde nufu ahyɛ wo mu a, wɔde IV nhama bɛhyɛ ntini bi mu wɔ wo nsa mu de ahyɛ aduru a ɛne ne ho bɔ abira mu bere a wɔreyɛ nhwehwɛmu no.
• Wobɛda pon bi a wɔayɛ ntokuru a ɛfata wo nufu so. Mfiridwuma ho nimdefo no bɛboa wo ma wode wo ho asi baabi a ɛfata. Sɛ wowɔ ɔhaw bi a, ka kyerɛ wɔn, ɛyɛ?
• Afei mfiridwuma ho nimdefo no de magnet no bɛhyɛ MRI afiri no mu. Ɔbɛfa mfonini ahorow no afi kɔmputa so wɔ dan a ɛyɛ soronko mu, bere a ɔnam mfɛnsere mu rehwɛ wo no. Wubetumi nso ne mfiridwuma ho nimdefo no akasa denam intercom so sɛ wopɛ a.
• Sɛ afiri no twa mfonini a, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wobɛtra hɔ dinn sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ yiye biara na ama woahwɛ ahu sɛ mfonini ahorow no mu da hɔ na ɛnyɛ nea ɛyɛ kusuu. MRI afiri no ma nnyigyei a ano yɛ den a ɛbɔ wɔ sɔhwɛ no nyinaa mu. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ afiri no reyɛ adwuma yiye. Wɔbɛma wo aso a wɔde hyɛ w’aso mu de akata dede no so.
• Sɛ wo MRI hwehwɛ sɛ wode aduru a ɛma wohu nneɛma a ɛne ne ho bɔ abira a, mfiridwuma ho nimdefo no de bɛhyɛ wo mu bere a wɔatwa mfonini ahorow a edi kan no awie no. Afei, wɔbɛtwa mfonini pii bere a wɔde aduru no regu mu anaasɛ bere a wɔde aduru no ahyɛ mu awie no.
• Sɛ wɔyɛ sɔhwɛ no wie a, radiologist no bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ twɛn kakra bere a ɔrehwɛ mfonini ahorow no, na ebia obebisa sɛ ebia mfonini pii ho hia anaa.
• Sɛ Mfiridwuma ho Ɔbenfo no twa mfonini a ɛdɔɔso wie a, obeyi wo IV nhama no na ɔde aduru ketewaa bi abɔ beae no so. Afei sɔhwɛ no aba awiei.

Bere a wɔayɛ nufu no MRI akyi?

Sɛ wo nufu MRI wie a, wubetumi ayɛ wo dwumadi ahorow a wotaa yɛ no. Nanso, sɛ wɔyɛɛ wo nufu mu nhwehwɛmu wɔ MRI, a nea ɛka ho ne sɛ wubeyi ntini bi afi MRI no mu a, ɛsɛ sɛ wudi wo duruyɛfo akwankyerɛ akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ. Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, sɛ wonom aduru a ɛma obi dwo ansa na woreyɛ nhwehwɛmu a, ɛsɛ sɛ woma obi de wo kɔ fie.

Bere tenten ahe na egye nufu mu MRI?

Ɛwom sɛ mmeae dodow no ara de simma 40 kosi 60 ma `Nufu MRI` de, nanso `scan` ankasa no gye bɛyɛ simma 20 pɛ. Wɔde bere a aka no yɛ `nsɛmmisa nkrataa a wɔhwehwɛ mu`, de `IV` no hyɛ mu, ne `gyinabea a ɛfata`.

So asiane ahorow bi wɔ nufu mu MRI mu?

Asiane a ɛwɔ Nufu MRI a wɔbɛyɛ mu no sua koraa sɛ wo ne Mfiridwuma ho Ɔbenfo no di ahobammɔ ho akwankyerɛ no akyi yiye a. Asiane ahorow a ebetumi aba ne:

• Allergic reaction to contrast dye: Hokwan ketewaa bi wɔ hɔ sɛ wobɛnya allergy wɔ contrast dye ho. Nanso, eyi ho yɛ na koraa. Sɛ ɛba mpo a, ɛtaa yɛ ketewaa bi na nnuruyɛfo kuw no bɛsa no ntɛm.
• Atoro a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi anya atoro: Esiane sɛ MRI yɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye nti, ebetumi anya atoro a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi anya yare. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ebia wɔbɛda no adi sɛ ntini a ɛyɛ nea ɛfata ankasa no nyɛ nea ɛfata. Nanso, sɛ radiologist bi hu biribi a ɛyɛ soronko wɔ wo nufu mu ntini mu a, wobetumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo na ama wɔahu nea ɛyɛ ankasa.

Dɛn na efi nufu mu MRI mu ba?

Ebia ɛsono wo MRI amanneɛbɔ a egyina sɛ ebia na woyɛɛ nufu mu MRI de hwɛɛ nufu mu kokoram ho asiane (hwehwɛ mu), sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wubehu tebea bi (a wohu), anaasɛ wode hwɛɛ kokoram a wowɔ dedaw anaa. Nanso, oduruyɛfo a ɔhyɛɛ wo nufu MRI no ne wo bɛbɔ nea ebefi mu aba no ho nkɔmmɔ.

Radiologistfo nyinaa de ɔkwan koro no ara a wɔahyɛ da ayɛ di dwuma de bɔ nufu mu nhwehwɛmu aba ho amanneɛ. Wɔfrɛ no Nufu mu Mfonini Amanneɛbɔ ne Nsɛm Ho Nhyehyɛe (BI-RADS) . Ɛde nea efi mu ba no toto nsenia a efi 0 kosi 6. Mpɛn pii no, wo MRI aba no bɛba wo kɔmputa so aduruyɛ ho kyerɛwtohɔ akontaabu mu (sɛ wowɔ bi a) ne wo duruyɛfo adwumayɛbea wɔ adwuma nna biako kosi abien ntam. Afei wo duruyɛfo no ne wo bɛbɔ nea ebefi mu aba no ho nkɔmmɔ.

Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛwɔ Nufu mu MRI ne Mammogram ntam?

Nnuruyɛfo de nufu mu nhwehwɛmu ne nufu mu MRI nyinaa di dwuma de boa ma wohu nufu mu kokoram ne nneɛma afoforo a ɛnteɛ wɔ nufu no mu.

Mpɛn pii no, nufu mu kokoram ho mfonini ne nea edi kan a wɔpaw de hwehwɛ nufu mu kokoram mu na wohu, titiriw esiane sɛ ɛno nkutoo ne mfoniniyɛ mu sɔhwɛ a ebetumi ahu microcalcifications , a ɛyɛ nufu mu kokoram ahorow bi ho sɛnkyerɛnne a edi kan no pɛpɛɛpɛ nti.

Nsonsonoe nso wɔ ɔkwan a mfonini sɔhwɛ abien yi fa so yɛ adwuma no mu.

So Nufu mu MRI ye sen Mammogram?

Biribiara nni hɔ a wɔfrɛ no sɛ obiako ye sen ɔfoforo. Wɔde di dwuma ankasa wɔ atirimpɔw ahorow mu. Mammogram yɛ sika kɔkɔɔ nhwehwɛmu a wɔde hwehwɛ nufu mu kokoram. Mammogram akyi no, MRI nso betumi aboa wɔn a asiane kɛse wom sɛ wobenya nufu mu kokoram anaasɛ wɔahu sɛ wɔwɔ nufu mu kokoram no. Wo duruyɛfo no begyina wo tebea so akyerɛkyerɛ nhwehwɛmu a eye ma wo mu akyerɛ wo.

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Nufu mu MRI yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛho hia yiye a ɛboa ma wohu, hu, na wɔsɔ nufu mu kokoram ne nneɛma afoforo a ɛnteɛ wɔ nufu no mu hwɛ. Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte ehu ne dadwen nka kakra ansa na wɔayɛ MRI. Ebia wowɔ nsɛmmisa ne dadwen pii wɔ nea nea ebefi sɔhwɛ no mu aba no bɛda no adi ne sɛnea ɛbɛka w’akwahosan ho. Mma ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa afa ho. Obetumi akyerɛkyerɛ nufu MRI no mu akyerɛ wo na wabɔ wo amanneɛ nso wɔ nea ɛbɛba wɔ ɛno akyi.

Kae sɛ, sɛ wuhu ntɛm a, ɛno ne ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so abɔ wo ho ban afi nyarewa pii ho . Enti sɛ oduruyɛfo bi ka kyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛte saa a, nsuro, hu emu nsɛm pɔtee na gyina ano.

` Nufu MRI, Nufu mu Kokoram, Mammogram, MRI Scan, Kokoram a Wohu, Mmea Akwahosan, Aduruyɛ mu Nhwehwɛmu